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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1987-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1984-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-4039
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3581
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Cell membrane fusion ; cell nuclei fusion ; cell culture ; MDCK cells ; lectins ; acridine orange
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The evaluation of the intracellular signal train and its regulatory function in controlling transepithelial transport with electrophysiological methods often requires intracellular measurements with microelectrodes. However, multiple impalements in epithelial cells are hampered by the small size of the cells. In an attempt to avoid these problems we fused cells of an established cell line, Madin Darby canine kidney cells, originally derived from dog kidney, to “giant” cells by applying a modified polyethylene glycol method. During trypsin-induced detachment from the ground of the petri dish, individual cells grown in a monolayer incorporate volume and mainly lose basolateral plasma membrane by extrusion. By isovolumetric cell-to-cell fusion, spherical “giant” cells are formed within 2 hr. During this process a major part of the individual cell plasma membranes is internalized. Over three weeks following cell plasma membrane fusion degradation of single cell nuclei and cell nuclear fusion occurs. We conclude that this experimental approach opens the possibility to investigate ion transport of epithelia in culture by somatic cell genetic techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 508 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 113 (1982), S. 237-263 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Polymerization kinetics ; Quasiequilibrium ; RNA-replication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein vereinfachter Mechanismus derRNA-Replikation durch eine spezifische Polymerase wird durch direkte numerische Integration und mit Hilfe der Annahme von „Quasigleichgewicht“ analysiert. Die Quasigleichgewichtsannahme wird an Hand von drei Beispielen einfacher Zweistufenreaktionen mathematisch definiert. Die drei Beispiele beschreiben: (1) die Annäherung an den Gleichgewichtszustand, (2) den irreversiblen Abbau und (3) das unbeschränkte Wachstum einer Verbindung.
    Notes: Abstract A simplified mechanism ofRNA-replication by a specific polymerase is analysed by direct numerical integration and by means of the “quasiequilibrium approximation”. The quasiequilibrium approximation is formulated in precise mathematical terms for three simple, two step reactions which describe approach towards equilibrium, irreversible transformation and unlimited growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1034-1038 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: [1-(Arylcarbonyloxy)alkyl]phosphonium Salts, 31). Reductive C-Acylation of Aromatic AldehydesThe phosphonium salts 5 are synthesized from aldehydes 1, arenecarbonyl chlorides 2 and triphenylphosphane (4), and can then be deprotonated to 7. 7 react as acyl anion equivalents with aromatic aldehydes 9 forming enol esters 10, which are transformed to alkanones 11. The new aldehyde 9 → alkanone 11-transformation is characterised as a reductive C-acylation of aromatic aldehydes.
    Notes: Aus Aldehyden 1, Arencarbonsäurechloriden 2 und Triphenylphosphan 4 entstehen die Phosphoniumsalze 5, die zu 7 deprotoniert werden. 7 reagiert wie Acylanionäquivalente mit aromatischen Aldehyden 9 zunächst zu Enolestern 10, aus denen die Alkanone 11 hergestellt werden. Die neuartige Aldehyd 9 → Keton 11-Umwandlung wird als reduktive C-Acylierung der Aldehyde 9 charakterisiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 124-131 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: [1-(Aryl- and Alkylcarbonyloxy)alkyl]phosphonium Salts, 4 Synthetic MethodsFour syntheses A  -  D are described for the phosphonium salts 1, which are precursors of the highly reactive phosphoranes 3. Whereas the usual method B fails in some cases it is now possible to prepare 1 with a wide variety of substitutents R1, R2, and R3 and anions X-.
    Notes: Für die Phosphoniumsalze 1, Vorstufen der hochreaktiven Phosphorane 3, werden vier Synthesemöglichkeiten A  -  D beschrieben. Während das bisherige Verfahren B in einigen Fällen versagt, sind die Salze 1 nunmehr bei großer Variationsbreite der Reste R1, R2 und R3 sowie der Anionen X- herstellbar.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 1506-1519 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acylation Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds with 1-Acylpyridinium Salts1-Acyl-4-benzylpyridinium tetrafluoroborates 5 have been used to derive generally applicable guidelines for the reaction of aldehydes 6 and ketones 7 with 1-acylpyridinium salts (scheme 2): a) Non-enolizable aldehydes 6 react with 5 to give N-[1-(aryl- or alkylcarbonyloxy)alkyl]pyridinium salts 14. b) Enolizable aldehydes 6 can be transformed by means of 5 into pyridinium salts 14 and enol esters 12, respectively. Using aldehyde 6b as an example, it was possible to show that the reaction course (formation of 12 or 14) can be controlled by simple variation of the reaction conditions. c) In general, ketones will not react with 5. The range of applicability of this guidelines has been defined. - We suggest, that the reaction course is mainly determined by the formation of the carbenium ion 19 and the aldehyde-pyridine derivative addition product 8.
    Notes: Durch die Verwendung von 1-Acyl-4-benzylpyridinium-tetrafluoroboraten 5 werden allgemein-gültige Aussagen über die Reaktionsmöglichkeiten von Aldehyden 6 und Ketonen 7 mit 1-Acylpyridiniumsalzen gewonnen (Schema 2): a) Nicht-enolisierbare Aldehyde 6 reagieren mit 5 zu N-[1-(Aryl- bzw. Alkylcarbonyloxy)alkyl]pyridiniumsalzen 14, b) enolisierbare Aldehyde 6 können mittels 5 sowohl in die Pyridiniumsalze 14 als auch in Enolester 12 übergeführt werden, der Reaktionsverlauf ist - wie vor allem am Beispiel des Aldehyds 6b gezeigt wird - bezüglich der Reaktionsverlauf ist - wie vor allem am Beispiel des Aldehyds 6b gezeigt wird - bezüglich der Natur der Produkte (12 oder 14) durch einfache Variation der Reaktionsbedingungen lenkbar. c) Ketone reagieren i. a. nicht mit 5. Der Gültigkeitsbereich dieser Aussagen wird definiert. - Wir vermuten, daß der Reaktionsverlauf durch die Bildung des Carbenium-Ions 19 sowie eines aus Aldehyd und Pyridin-Derivat entstehenden Addukts 8 bestimmt wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1985 (1985), S. 644-649 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemical Modification of Kanamycin A. - Derivatives Containing a 4,5-Double Bond in the Kanosamine PartOxidation of the primary alcohol group in the kanamycin A derivative 2b with simultaneous β-elimination gave the α,β-unsaturated aldehyde 3a of which the derivatives 3b - e were prepared by acetalisation, oxidation, or reduction. Hydrogenation of the double bond led to 4 ‚-deoxy-5‘-epi-kanamycin A derivatives.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An overlay grid was constructed to facilitate the measurement of densiometric scans of proteins in pH gradients formed by electrofocusing. The overlay procedure provides a rapid way for data collection. The relationship between pH and gel distance closely fit a straight line, (R 〉0.99). The reliability of the system was shown by the close agreement of the linear regressions from six different sets of data. Also, the feasibility of using a similar grid for a nonlinear system was established.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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