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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physicochemical properties of (1 → 6)-branched (1 → 3)-β-D-glucans. 1. Physical dimensions estimated from hydrodynamic and electron microscopic data (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 33 (1993), S. 561-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The physical dimensions of several (1 → 6) branched (1 → 3) -β-D-glucan samples obtained from different organisms and their derivatives have been studied by electron microscopy, light scattering measurements, viscometry, and gel permeation chromatography. The electron micrographs indicate that in most samples these biopolymers are adequately described as linear worm-like coils. A sample reconstituted from alkaline media appeared as a blend of the linear, circular, and aggregated polymer morphologies. The average mass per unit length, ML = Mw/Lw for the macroscopically linear samples, was estimated to be 2100 ± 200 g mol-1 nm-1. The parameter mL was determined from the contour lengths obtained by electron microscopy and the molecular weight by light scattering measurements. The observed ML was consistent with the triple-helical structure reported from x-ray diffraction studies and observed degree of side-chain substitution. From the molecular snapshots shown in the electron micrographs, the persistence lengths of these β-D-glucans were determined to be 140 ± 30 nm. The experimentally determined intrinsic viscosities were consistent with these estimates of ML and persistence length. Comparison of the molecular weight distributions obtained from gel permeation chromatography and those deduced from the electron micrographs indicates that number and weight average contour lengths are more reliable than z and z + 1 averages. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360330406
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of oxygen on anionic butadiene telomerization in hydrocarbon solvents (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 4643-4651 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: During the development of an anionic butadiene telomerization process consisting of two stages, initiator preparation and telomerization, in a hydrocarbon solvent which contained a chain-transfer agent, we found that a small amount of oxygen accidentally introduced caused an unusually large decrease in the telomer viscosity. Based on the degree of such decrease due to the addition of oxygen at the two stages and based on the rather modest reactivity of oxygen with organosodium compounds, we concluded that free oxygen was catalytically involved in the telomerization process. The results of kinetic and transmetalation studies indicated that only the chain-transfer reaction was accelerated catalytically by free oxygen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070301211
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel synthesis of aromatic polysulfides from S,S′-bis(trimethylsilyl)-substituted aromatic dithiols and activated aromatic dihalides (1991)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 29 (1991), S. 1933-1940 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: new synthetic method ; aromatic polysulfides ; S,S′-bis (trimethylsilyl) dithiols ; aromatic dihalides ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new method for the synthesis of aromatic polysulfides has been developed by the polycondensation of S,S′-bis(trimethylsilyl)-substituted aromatic dithiols with activated aromatic dihalides. The solution polycondensation of three S-silylated aromatic dithiols with bis(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl) sulfone afforded readily aromatic polysulfides having inherent viscosities of 0.7 dL/g, and the polymerization with bis(4-fluorophenyl) sulfone gave the polymers with viscosity values of 0.3 dL/g. The silylation method was compared advantageously with a conventional route using parent dithiols and activated aromatic dihalides.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1991.080291313
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical resolution of α-amino acid derivatives by carbon dioxide-supercritical fluid chromatography on the chiral stationary phase, N-formyl-valine bonded silica gel (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 9 (1986), S. 249-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid chromatography, SFC ; Chiral stationary phase, CSP ; Optical resolution ; α-Amino acid derivatives ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090410
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution properties of ionomers. I. Counterion effect (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 25 (1987), S. 1407-1418 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effect of counterions on the solution properties of two types of ionomers, one based on sulfonated polystyrene and the other based on styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer, was studied by viscosity and light scattering measurements. It was found that the order of counterion binding of ionomers in a polar solvent and the order of aggregation of ionomers in a low-polarity solvent were the same for the same ionomer system. However, the order for the sulfonated ionomer was Li 〈 Na 〈 K 〈 Cs, whereas that for the carboxylated ionomer was the opposite. This can be explained by a difference in desolvation during anion-cation interaction and by considering site-binding in a polar solvent and the association of ion pairs in a low-polarity solvent. These findings for ionomer systems are parallel to the association behavior of small ions in water, cation affinity in crosslinked resins, and counterion binding of polyelectrolytes in water.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1987.090250704
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light-scattering study of polyelectrolyte complexes: Heparin with partially aminoacetalized poly(vinyl alcohol) in aqueous solution (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 27 (1989), S. 1043-1056 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The structure of soluble polyelectrolyte complexes composed of heparin (Hep) and partially aminoacetalized poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAA) in aqueous solution was investigated by light scattering. The pH was fixed at 3.2 while the ionic strength and mixing ratio were varied. At high ionic strength (0.5), polyelectrolyte complexes were not formed owing to the screening effect of simple salts on polyion charges. At low ionic strength (0.005), polyelectrolyte complexes formed were stable and dispersed when either the polycation or the polyanion was in great excess, whereas the complexes became unstable and coagulated when the concentrations of polycation and polyanion approached each other. At intermediate ionic strength (0.1), when PVAA was in excess, complex formation was similar to that at low ionic strength (0.005); but with an excess of Hep, polyelectrolyte complexes with similar structure (i.e., roughly spherical with average diameters about 2,700 Å) were formed over a wide range of mixing ratio. This observation is of interest in connection with the physiological activity of Hep in vivo.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1989.090270507
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism and process of chemomechanical contraction of polyelectrolyte gels under electric field (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 1 (1990), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: When a water-swollen polyelectrolyte gel is interposed between a pair of electrodes and DC current is applied, the gel undergoes electro-chemomechanical contraction and concomitant water exudation both in water and in the air. In order to clarify the mechanism of the phenomenon, contractile experiments were carried out under various conditions and led to the conclusion that the contraction is essentially associated with electrically driven movement of hydrated micro- and macroions in the gel (electrokinetic process).
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1990.220010104
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paper form copper ion conductive solid electrolyte (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 4 (1993), S. 194-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Solid electrolyte ; Copper ion conductor ; Composite ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A paper form solid electrolyte (PFSE) with good conductivity and flexibility was developed. PFSE is made of an inorganic-organic composite consisting of a copper ion conductive solid electrolyte of Rb4Cu16I7Cl13 (SE) and a polymer binder embedded in a synthetic fibre network. A PFSE with styrene-butadiene based synthetic rubber (SB) was found to give the highest conductivity among the binding materials that we examined. The SB content was changed from 10 vol% to 90 vol% in the PFSE, and the electrical properties and the damp resistance of PFSE were evaluated. Electrical conductivity decreased slightly with an SB content below 70 vol% and abruptly above 70 vol%. The damp resistance of PFSE improved with the increase of the SB content and was superior to that of the raw powder. The PFSE with 65 vol% SB showed relatively high conductivity, 3 × 10-3 S/cm, which was sufficient for battery use, and good damp resistance.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1993.220040220
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A selective synthesis of 3-alkynl perflouroalkyl ketones by the trifluoroborane etherate mediated 1,4-addition reaction of (1-alkynyl)diisopropoxyboranes to α,β-unsaturated ketonesDedicated to Professor Yao-Zeng Huang on the occasion of his eightieth birthday. (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Heteroatom Chemistry 3 (1992), S. 483-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7163
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A variety of 3-alkynyl perfluoroalkyl ketones were prepared by a trifluoroborane etherate mediated 1,4-addition reaction of (l-alkynyl)diisopropoxyboranes to α,β-unsaturated ketones substituted by a perfluoroalkyl group. The undesired side reaction, such as 1,2-addition of alkynyl groups, could be avoided completely and the products were obtained in high yields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hc.520030506
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of kerosene and light oil components in blood (1991)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 20 (1991), S. 493-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A sensitive and rapid method to analyse fuel components in blood from rats exposed to kerosene or light oil vapour was developed by making use of capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The aliphatic hydrocarbons with carbon numbers 8-10 and aromatics such as toluene, xylene, 3- and 4-ethyltoluene and trimethylbenzenes were clearly detected in blood from rats exposed to kerosene or light oil vapour, using the head-space method combined with the salting-out technique. The concentration ratio of pseudocumene to toluene in blood exposed to light oil was higher than that in the case of exposure to kerosene. The lower limits of detection were 50 pg and 1 ng in toluene and pseudocumene, respectively. Our suggestion is that this method is useful in forensic investigations to detect fuel components in blood and for the purposes of differentiating kerosene and light oil in blood tissues.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200200810
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