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  • 2015-2019  (47)
  • 1985-1989  (17)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: 89-462A; Albite; Aluminium; Aluminium oxide; Anorthite; Calcium; Calcium oxide; Calculated based on oxygen number; CIPW Norm; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Electron microprobe (EMP); Glomar Challenger; Iron 2+ and 3+; Iron oxide, FeO; Leg89; Lithologic unit/sequence; Magnesium; Magnesium oxide; North Pacific; Number of oxygens; Orthoclase; Potassium; Potassium oxide; Sample code/label; Sample comment; Silicon; Silicon dioxide; Sodium; Sodium oxide; Total
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 308 data points
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: 89-462A; Aluminium oxide; Calcium oxide; Carbon dioxide; Cerium; Chromium; CIPW Norm; Cobalt; Deep Sea Drilling Project; Diopside; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Europium; Glomar Challenger; Hafnium; Hypersthene; Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA); Iron oxide, Fe2O3; Iron oxide, FeO; Lanthanum; Leg89; Lithologic unit/sequence; Lutetium; Magnesium number; Magnesium oxide; Manganese oxide; Minerals; North Pacific; Phosphorus pentoxide; Potassium oxide; Quartz; Samarium; Sample code/label; Scandium; Silicon dioxide; Sodium oxide; Tantalum; Terbium; Thorium; Titanium dioxide; Total; Water in rock; Wet chemistry; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Ytterbium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 560 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Keywords: 89-462A; Aluminium; Aluminium oxide; Calcium; Calcium oxide; Calculated based on oxygen number; Chromium; Chromium(III) oxide; CIPW Norm; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Electron microprobe (EMP); Enstatite; Ferrosilite; Glomar Challenger; Iron 2+ and 3+; Iron oxide, FeO; Leg89; Lithologic unit/sequence; Magnesium; Magnesium oxide; Manganese; Manganese oxide; Nickel; Nickel oxide; North Pacific; Number of oxygens; Potassium; Potassium oxide; Sample code/label; Sample comment; Silicon; Silicon dioxide; Sodium; Sodium oxide; Titanium; Titanium dioxide; Total; Wollastonite
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 570 data points
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Late Precambrian (575–600 Ma) igneous activity in the North Eastern Desert of Egypt produced large volumes of compositionally bimodal magmas. A single composite dike was studied to further examine petrogenetic relationships between andesitic and rhyolitic melts. The dike consists of 1.5–2 m of andesite on either side of a 5–6 m wide rhyolite core. Contact relations indicate that the andesite and rhyolite simultaneously existed as porphyritic liquids. Wholerock Rb-Sr dating indicates an age of 591 Ma, but with considerable scatter. Andesite and rhyolite had similar initial87Sr/86Sr of 0.7032±2, indicating derivation from a low Rb/Sr source, either the upper mantle, very young upper crust, or depleted lower crust. The composition of the andesites on either margin cannot be distinguished; these are very similar to andesites of the Dokhan Volcanics of similar age. Correspondingly, the rhyolite is compositionally similar to the epizonal Pink Granites. This dike and others like it represent hypabyssal feeders for the extrusive and shallow intrusive members of the North Eastern Desert bimodal suite. Major and trace element studies of the dike rocks show no evidence of mixing. With the exception of the alkaline earths, there is no evidence of diffusional transport across the rhyolite-andesite contacts. REE patterns indicate that petrogenesis of the andesite must have left a garnetiferous residue: either ⩽ 10% melting of LREE-enriched garnet lherzolite or ⩽ 25% melting of eclogite, followed by a small amount of shallow fractionation. Petrogenesis of the rhyolites remains enigmatic. Partitioning of trace elements and different plagioclase compositions in andesite and rhyolite argue against an origin by liquid immiscibility. Major and trace element models indicate that the rhyolite formed by fractional crystallization of the andesite or by anatexis of young amphibolite-facies crust.
    Abstract: Résumé L'activité magmatique au Précambrien supérieur (575–600 Ma) dans le »North Eastern Desert« d'Egypte a engendré de grandes quantités de magmas bimodaux. De manière à préciser les relations entre fusions andésitiques et rhyolitiques, un dyke composite a été étudié. Ce dyke est constitué d'un coeur rhyolitique de 5 à 6 m, encadré de deux bordures andésitiques de 1,5 à 2 m. Les contacts indiquent que ces deux roches ont coexisté sous la forme de liquides porphyriques. Une datation Rb-Sr sur roche totale donne un âge de 591 Ma, mais avec une approximation importante. L'andésite et la rhyolite ont un mÊme rapport initial de 0,7032±2, indiquant une source à faible rapport Rb/Sr: manteau supérieur, croûte supérieure jeune ou croûte inférieure appauvrie. Les compositions des deux bordures andésitiques sont identiques et très semblables à celle des andésites de mÊme âge du complexe volcanique du Dokhan. De mÊme, la rhyolite a une composition semblable à celle des granites roses épizonaux. Ce dyke et d'autres du mÊme type représentent les voies d'alimentation des termes extrusifs et intrusifs superficiels de la série bimodale du »North Eastern Desert«. L'étude des éléments majeurs et en traces ne montre aucun mélange entre les roches du dyke. A l'exception des alcalino-terreux, il n'existe aucune indication de diffusion des éléments à travers le contact rhyolite — andésite. La distribution des terres rares montre que la genèse de l'andésite doit avoir laissé un résidu grenatifère: soit une lherzolite à grenat enrichie en terres rares légères et représentant moins de 10% de taux de fusion, soit une éclogite (jusqu'à 25% de taux de fusion) suivie d'un léger fractionnement à basse pression. La pétrogenèse de la rhyolite reste obscure. La répartition des éléments en traces et la différence de composition du plagioclase entre l'andésite et la rhyolite plaident contre une origine par immiscibilité. Les modèles tirés des éléments majeurs et en traces indiquent comme origine pour la rhyolite soit la cristallisation fractionnée de l'andésite, soit l'anatexie de matériaux crustaux jeunes dans les conditions du facies des amphibolites.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung SpÄtprÄkambrische (575–600 Ma) magmatische AktivitÄt in der »North Eastern Desert« Ägyptens förderte gro\e Mengen bimodaler Magmen. Um die petrogenetischen Beziehungen zwischen andesitischen und rhyolitischen Schmelzen zu studieren, wurde ein einzelner, »bimodaler« Gang (composite dyke) untersucht. Der Gang besteht aus einem Rand von 1,5–2 m mÄchtigem Andesit auf beiden Seiten eines 5–6 m mÄchtigen Kernbereiches von Rhyolit. Die Kontaktbeziehungen zeigen, da\ Andesite und Rhyolite gleichzeitig als porphyritische Schmelzen existierten. »Whole-Rock« Rb-Sr Datierung ergab ein Alter von 591 Ma, jedoch mit einem erheblichen Fehler. Andesit und Rhyolith hatten Ähnliche initiale87Sr/86Sr VerhÄltnisse von 0.7032±2, die eine Herkunft aus Bereichen mit niedrigen Rb/Sr VerhÄltnissen erkennen lassen: Oberer Mantel, sehr junge obere Kruste, oder verarmte untere Kruste. Die Zusammensetzung der Andesite von den verschiedenen Seiten des Ganges ist nicht zu unterscheiden. Sie sind den Andesiten der Dokhan Vulkanite Ähnlich und etwa gleich alt. Entsprechend sind die Rhyolite den epizonalen rosa Graniten (»pink granite«) in der Zusammensetzung Ähnlich. Dieser Gang und andere gleich ihm stellen die Zufuhrspalten für die extrusiven und seichtintrusiven Magmatite der »North Eastern Desert« bimodalen Folge dar. Haupt- und Spurenelemente der Ganggesteine zeigen keine Anzeichen einer Mischung. Mit Ausnahme der Erdalkalien gibt es keinen Hinweis auf eine Diffusion der Elemente über den Rhyolit-Andesit Kontakt. Die Verteilung der Seltenen Erden deutet auf ein granatführendes Residuum bei der Petrogenese der Andesite: entweder⩽10% Aufschmelzen von Granat-Lherzolit, angereichert an leichten Seltenen Erden, oder ⩽ 25% Aufschmelzen von Eklogit, gefolgt von geringer Fraktionierung unter niedrigem Druck. Die Petrogenese der Rhyolite bleibt unklar. Die Verteilung der Spurenelemente und die unterschiedliche Plagioklas-Zusammensetzung in Andesit und Rhyolith sprechen gegen eine Entstehung aus unvermischbaren Schmelzen. Modelle basierend auf Haupt- und Spurenelementen deuten darauf hin, da\ der Rhyolit entweder durch fraktionierte Kristallisation des Andesits entstand oder durch Anatexis junger Kruste im Bereich der Amphibolit-Fazies.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 92 (1986), S. 492-501 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Late Precambrian crustal evolution in the North Eastern Desert of Egypt occurred in a strongly extensional tectonic environment and was accompanied by abundant bimodal igneous activity. The extrusive and intrusive expressions of this magmatism, known as the Dokhan Volcanics and Pink Granites, respectively, were studied in detail from two areas. The Dokhan Volcanics and associated feeder dikes consist of a “mafic” suite dominated by andesites (∼60% SiO2) and smaller volumes of basalt and a “felsic” suite composed of rhyolite tuffs, ignimbrites and hypabyssal intrusions (∼72–78% SiO2). The rocks of the mafic suite display calc-alkaline trends on an AFM diagram but are enriched in incompatibles such as TiO2, P2O5, K2O, Rb, Sr, Ba, Zr, Y, Nb, and LREE. Rare earth element patterns are steep, with (Ce/Yb)n = 7.7 to 16.8. They contain moderate Ni (60 ppm) and Cr (95 ppm), indicating limited low-P fractionation. The melts of the mafic suite are interpreted to have formed either by ≤25% batch melting of eclogite or by ∼10% batch melting of LREE-enriched garnet lherzolite. The rocks of the felsic suite include Dokhan rhyolites and the epizonal Pink Granites. These contain 72–78% SiO2, are metaluminous and peraluminous, and have the high K2O/Na2O and FeO*/(FeO*+MgO) characteristic of post-tectonic, “A-type” granites. They are moderately enriched in incompatible elements, but their REE patterns overlap with those of the mafic suite, from which they can be distinguished by deep europium anomalies (Eu/Eu*=0.08–0.64) and flat HREE patterns=((Yb/Er)n=0.90–1.16). They share with the rocks of the mafic suite isotopic characteristics of depleted mantle, precluding anatexis of much older continental crust. The europium anomalies covary with Sr contents and indicate that plagioclase control was important, while the flat HREE patterns preclude residual garnet in the source. Hence the felsic melts could not have formed by anatexis of garnet-bearing mafic lower crust. Such melts could have formed by anatexis of amphibolite-facies crust, an interpretation which is not favored because the melts are not saturated with P2O5. Alternatively, the felsic melts may have formed via low-P fractional crystallization of the mafic melts, with about 2/3 removal of mostly plagioclase and amphibole along with minor apatite and zircon. This may have been accompanied in the latest stages of magmatic evolution by liquid-state fractionation such as thermo-gravitational diffusion or halide complexing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of volcanology 51 (1989), S. 210-224 
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Narrow-beam maps, selected dredge samplings, and surveys of the Mariana and Volcano Arcs identify 42 submarine volcanos. Observed activity and sample characteristics indicate 22 of these to be active or dormant. Edifices in the Volcano Arc are larger than most of the Mariana Arc edifices, more irregularly shaped with numerous subsidiary cones, and regularly spaced at 50–70 km. Volcanos in the Mariana Arc tend to be simple cones. Sets of individual cones and volcanic ridges are elongate parallel to the trend of the arc or at 110° counterclockwise from that trend, suggesting a strong fault control on the distribution of arc magmas. Volcanos in the Mariana Arc are generally developed west of the frontal arc ridge, on rifted frontal arc crust or new back-arc basin crust. Volcanos in the central Mariana Arc are usually subaerial, large (〉 500 km3), and spaced about 50–70 km apart. Those in the northern and southern Marianas are largely submarine, closer together, and generally less than 500 km3 in volume. There is a shoaling of the arc basement around Iwo Jima, accompanied by the appearance of incompatible-element enriched lavas with alkalic affinities. The larger volcanic edifices must reflect either a higher magma supply rate or a greater age for the larger volcanos. If the magma supply (estimated at 10–20 km3/km of arc per million years at 18° N) has been relatively constant along the Mariana Arc, we can infer a possible evolutionary sequence for arc volcanos from small, irregularly spaced edifices to large (over 1000 km3) edifices spaced at 50–70 km. The volcano distribution and basal depths are consistent with the hypothesis of back-arc propagation into the Volcano Arc.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2018-05-01
    Description: Spatial and temporal variations of arc-related magmatism are key to determining the subduction polarity of incompletely preserved arc systems. Petrographic, geochronological, geochemical, and isotope data of Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks from the northern Lhasa Terrane around Yanhu indicate south dipping subduction of the Bangong Tethys. Two distinct calc-alkaline magmatic successions are recognized: older medium-K basalts and Mg-rich andesites (131–116 Ma), and younger high-K basalts and trachyandesites (116–110 Ma). The medium-K basalts exhibit a typical arc signature, whereas the medium-K andesites show higher MgO contents relative to arc andesites. The medium-K series are interpreted as partial melting of a metasomatized mantle wedge source at lower pressure and greater water activity in generating the Mg-rich andesites. The high-K series are characterized by enrichments in highly incompatible elements and are considered as low-degree partial melting of asthenosphere mantle source that was previously metasomatized. All samples show arc-related signatures, which indicate the development of what we term the Baingoin-Yanhu arc in the northern Lhasa Terrane. This observation, in combination with the distribution of Early Cretaceous arc magmatism across the Lhasa Terrane, which prior to subsequent deformation had a width of at least 600 km, requires the existence of two arc systems flanking the Lhasa Terrane and related to opposed oceanic plate subduction: north dipping subduction of the Neo-Tethys and south dipping subduction of the Bangong Tethys. Compositional change from medium-K to high-K calc-alkaline volcanism around Yanhu records changing mantle geodynamics, which we infer to reflect rollback and breakoff of the south dipping Bangong Tethyan slab. ©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Print ISSN: 2169-9313
    Electronic ISSN: 2169-9356
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2018-01-01
    Description: Extension within the southern Mariana margin occurs both normal to and parallel to the trench. Trench-normal extension takes place along focused and broad backarc spreading axes forming crust that is passively accreted to the rigid Philippine Sea plate flank to the northwest. To the southeast, trench-parallel extension has split apart the Eocene-Miocene forearc terrain accreting new crust diffusely over a 150–200 km wide zone forming a pervasive volcano-tectonic fabric oriented at high angles to the trench and the backarc spreading center. Earthquake seismicity indicates active extension over this forearc region and basement samples date young although waning volcanic activity. Such diffuse formation of new oceanic crust and lithosphere is unusual; in most oceanic settings extension rapidly focuses to narrow plate boundary zones—a defining feature of plate tectonics. Diffuse crustal accretion has been inferred to occur during subduction zone infancy, however. We hypothesize that in a near-trench extensional setting, the continual addition of water from the subducting slab creates a weak overriding hydrous lithosphere that deforms broadly. This process counteracts mantle dehydration and strengthening proposed to occur at mid-ocean ridges that may help to focus deformation and melt delivery to narrow plate boundary zones. The observations from the southern Mariana margin suggest that where lithosphere is weakened by high water content narrow seafloor spreading centers cannot form. These conditions likely prevail during subduction zone infancy, explaining the diffuse contemporaneous volcanism inferred in this setting. ©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Print ISSN: 2169-9313
    Electronic ISSN: 2169-9356
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 9
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018-06-07
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
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