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  • 2015-2019  (18)
  • 1985-1989  (16)
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  • 1
    Call number: 9783319256436 (e-book)
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is a useful guide for researchers in ecology and earth science interested in the use of accelerator mass spectrometry technology. The development of research in radiocarbon measurements offers an opportunity to address the human impact on global carbon cycling and climate change. Presenting radiocarbon theory, history, applications, and analytical techniques in one volume builds a broad outline of the field of radiocarbon and its emergent role in defining changes in the global carbon cycle and links to climate change. Each chapter presents both classic and cutting-edge studies from different disciplines involving radiocarbon and carbon cycling. The book also includes a chapter on the history and discovery of radiocarbon, and advances in radiocarbon measurement techniques and radiocarbon theory. Understanding human alteration of the global carbon cycle and the link between atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and climate remains one of the foremost environmental problems at the interface of ecology and earth system science. Many people are familiar with the terms ‘global warming’ and ‘climate change’, but fewer are able to articulate the science that support these hypotheses. This book addresses general questions such as: what is the link between the carbon cycle and climate change; what is the current evidence for the fate of carbon dioxide added by human activities to the atmosphere, and what has caused past changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide? How can the radiocarbon and stable isotopes of carbon combined with other tools be used for quantifying the human impact on the global carbon cycle?
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 315 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    ISBN: 9783319256436 , 978-3-319-25643-6
    Language: English
    Note: Contents 1 Radiocarbon and the Global Carbon Cycle / E.A.G. Schuur, S.E. Trumbore, E.R.M. Druffel, J.R. Southon, A. Steinhof, R.E. Taylor and J.C. Turnbull 2 Radiocarbon Dating: Development of a Nobel Method / R.E. Taylor 3 Radiocarbon Nomenclature, Theory, Models, and Interpretation: Measuring Age, Determining Cycling Rates, and Tracing Source Pools / S.E. Trumbore, C.A. Sierra and C.E. Hicks Pries 4 Radiocarbon in the Atmosphere / J.C. Turnbull, H. Graven and N.Y. Krakauer 5 Radiocarbon in the Oceans / E.R.M. Druffel, S.R. Beaupré and L.A. Ziolkowski 6 Radiocarbon in Terrestrial Systems / E.A.G. Schuur, M.S. Carbone, C.E. Hicks Pries, F.M. Hopkins and S.M. Natali 7 Paleoclimatology / J.R. Southon, R. De Pol-Holz and E.R.M. Druffel 8 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry of Radiocarbon / Axel Steinhof 9 Preparation for Radiocarbon Analysis / S.E. Trumbore, X. Xu, G.M. Santos, C.I. Czimczik, S.R. Beaupré, M.A. Pack, F.M. Hopkins, A. Stills, M. Lupascu and L. Ziolkowski
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 321 (1986), S. 58-61 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Schematic diagram showing the sampling intervals for stable isotopes along profile D (0.5-mm drill holes) and for 210Pb and 14C analyses (0.5-1.0 mm bands)19. The 518O and 513C measurements obtained from the profile with the highest resolution are discussed in the text. Data obtained from ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 330 (1987), S. 246-248 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Radiocarbon in DOC and DIC was measured in 25 water samples collected from the central North Pacific Ocean (31° N, 159° W), one sample from each of 21 depths, with duplicate casts at 20, 100, 900 and 1,800m. The water for DOC oxidation was filtered on board ship directly from 270-1 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Coral reefs 4 (1986), S. 221-224 
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of bomb-produced radiocarbon and 210Pb provide concordant estimates of the growth rate of the sclerosponge Ceratoporella nicholsoni collected from the reef slope of northern Jamaica. Radiocarbon measurements of older growth bands in the same specimen are similar to the time history of radiocarbon in coral bands from two sites in the northwestern Atlantic. Furthermore, 210Pb and stable Pb analyses reveal that the sclerosponge incorporates this element at much higher concentrations than corals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Mottl, Michael J; Druffel, Ellen R M; Hart, Stanley R; Lawrence, James R; Saltzman, Eric S (1985): Chemistry of hot waters sampled from basaltic basement in Hole 504B, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 83, Costa Rica Rift. In: Anderson, RN; Honnorez, J; Becker, K; et al. (eds.), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Washington (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 83, 315-328, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.83.115.1985
    Publication Date: 2023-12-11
    Description: Seawater that has been altered by reaction with basaltic basement has been sampled from Deep Sea Drilling Project Hole 504B, located on 5.9-m.y.-old crust on the southern flank of the Costa Rica Rift. Fourteen water samples have been collected on Legs 69, 70, and 83, both before and after renewed drilling on the latter two legs, at temperatures from 69 to 133°C and pressures from 390 to 425 bars. The water sampled prior to renewed drilling on Leg 83 had occupied the hole for nearly 2 yr. since it was last flushed with surface seawater at the end of Leg 70. Despite some contamination by seawater during sampling, the composition of two of these waters has been determined by using nitrate as a tag for the contaminant. Both the 80 and 115°C waters have seawater chlorinity, but have lost considerable Mg, Na, K, sulfate, and 02, and have gained Ca, alkalinity, Si, NH3 and H2S. The loss of sulfate is due to anhydrite precipitation, as indicated by the d34S value of the remaining dissolved sulfate. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio has been lowered to 0.7086 for the 80°C water and 0.7078 for the 115°C water, whereas the Sr concentration is nearly unchanged. The changes in major element composition relative to seawater are also larger for the 115°C water, indicating that the basement formation water at this site probably varies in composition with depth. Based on their direction relative to seawater, the compositional changes for the 80 and 115°C waters do not complement the changes inferred for the altered rocks from Hole 504B, suggesting that the bulk composition of the altered rocks, like their mineralogy, is largely unrelated to the present thermal and alteration regime in the hole. The exact nature of the reacted seawaters cannot be determined yet, however. During its 2 yr. residence in the hole, the surface seawater remaining at the end of Leg 70 would have reacted with the wall rocks and exchanged with their interstitial formation waters by diffusion and possibly convection. How far these processes have proceeded is not yet certain, although calculations suggest that diffusion alone could have largely exchanged the surface seawater for interstitial water. The d18O of the samples is indistinguishable from seawater, however, and the d14C of the 80°C sample is similar to that of ocean bottom water. Although the interpretation of these species is ambiguous, that of tritium should not be. Tritium analyses, which are in progress, should clarify the nature of the reacted seawaters obtained from the hole.
    Keywords: Deep Sea Drilling Project; DSDP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-12-11
    Keywords: 83-504B; AA; Alkalinity, total; Ammonia; Autoanalyzer; Barium; Boron; Caesium; Calcium; Calculated, see reference(s); Chlorinity; Chromatographic; Colorimetry; Comment; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS); Glomar Challenger; Hydrogen sulfide; ICP-OES, Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry; Identification; Leg83; Magnesium; Mass spectrometry; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrite; Oxygen; pH; Potassium; Rubidium; Salinity; see reference(s); Silicon; Sodium; Strontium; Strontium-87/Strontium-86 ratio; Strontium-87/Strontium-86 ratio, error; Sulfate; Titration; Titration, Winkler; Δ14C; Δ14C, standard deviation; δ18O; δ34S
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 458 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-12-11
    Keywords: 69-504B; 70-504B; 83-504B; Aliquot value; Deep Sea Drilling Project; Depth, relative; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; Event label; Glomar Challenger; Identification; Leg69; Leg70; Leg83; Method comment; Sample comment; Temperature, in rock/sediment; Temperature, technical; Time in hours; Volume
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 136 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2018-06-05
    Description: Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the largest pool of exchangeable organic carbon in the ocean. However, less than 10% of DOC has been molecularly characterized in the deep ocean to understand DOC's recalcitrance. Here we analyze the radiocarbon ( 14 C) depleted, and presumably refractory, low molecular weight (LMW) DOC from the North Central Pacific using atomic force microscopy to produce the first atomic-resolution images of individual LMW DOC molecules. We evaluate surface and deep LMW DOC chemical structures in the context of their relative persistence and recalcitrance. Atomic force microscopy resolved planar structures with features similar to polycyclic aromatic compounds and carboxylic-rich alicyclic structures with less than five aromatic carbon rings. These compounds comprise 8% and 20% of the measurable molecules investigated in the surface and deep, respectively. Resolving the structures of individual DOC molecules represents a step forward in molecular characterization of DOC and in understanding its long-term stability. ©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1986-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0722-4028
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0975
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1985-01-01
    Description: The purpose of this paper is to present the methodology used for sample preparation at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Radiocarbon Laboratory. The WHOI lab is dedicated to oceanographic research supported by the National Science Foundation (OCE81-11954). We began operation in March 1982. The methods used for the production of samples are based on those developed previously (Barker, 1953; Suess, 1954; Noakes, Kim, & Stipp, 1969; Linick, 1975). Subsequent changes and refinements to these methods are described. This paper will present detailed descriptions of how various samples are collected and sectioned, then converted to CO2 and to C2H2, the primary counting gas for most of our samples.
    Print ISSN: 0033-8222
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-5755
    Topics: Archaeology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
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