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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of protective mechanisms in cultured ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis Temminck and Schlegel, administered Vibrio vaccine by the immersion method (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The protective effect of Vibrio angnillarum immunization administered by the direct immersion technique in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis Temminck and Schlegel, was investigated. The activities of phagoeytic cells were suppressed at the time of vaccination by previous bath exposures to a cyclophosphamide solution containing a concentration of 500 mg/kg/ml on days 2 and 3 before vaccination. An artificial challenge was carried out 3 weeks after vaccination by bath exposure. The survival rate of the vaccine group pretreated with cyclophosphamide was 96%. In the group given traditional vaccine only, 73% survived; and in the non-vaccine control group, 10% survived. These results suggest that protective immunity of ayu vaccinated by the direct immersion technique may not implicate the early activities of phagoeytic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1991.tb00835.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of p/i interface layer on dark J-V characteristics and Voc in p-i-n a-Si solar cells (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 3494-3499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Dark current-voltage (J-V) characteristics of p-i-n a-Si solar cells are studied to clarify the effect of the p/i interface layer on the open-circuit voltage (Voc). It is shown that the recombination current in the p/i interface region is predominant in the a-Si solar cells with an i-layer thickness of less than 200 nm and has a great effect on the dark-current transport in the solar cells. It is also shown that the current transport of the cells with the p/i interface layer of constant band gap of a thickness of more than 14 nm is effectively the same as that of a cell in which the band gap of the whole i layer is equal to that of the interface layer. A model in which the dark current of the cell consists of the recombination current at the p/i interface and the recombination current in the bulk region of the i layer is proposed. Using this model, the Voc degradation for the a-Si solar cells with the p/i interface layer is shown to be due to the defects generated in the i layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.345340
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Luminescence and relaxation processes in Er3+-doped glass fibers (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 938-941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Luminescence and related characteristics have been investigated for Er3+-doped silica glass fibers and for fibers and bulk material of calcium metaphosphate glass. Special interest has been directed toward elucidating relaxation processes leading to 1.5-μm light emission. Several emissions from higher excited states were investigated and excited-state lifetimes were also measured. Approximate radiative and nonradiative transition probabilities have been obtained for the excited levels. These results have confirmed that dominant transitions populating the lowest excited level are step-by-step nonradiative relaxations and that only a limited amount of energy is supplied via intermediate radiative transitions. It has also been shown that the 1.5-μm emission decay time constant elongates with increasing fiber length.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351317
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron beam-enhanced etching of InAs in Cl2 gas and novel in situ patterning of GaAs with an InAs mask layer (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 1789-1791 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We propose and demonstrate a novel in situ patterning process of GaAs and GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures in which a thin InAs layer is used as an electron-beam resist layer for Cl2 gas etching in ultrahigh vacuum environment. It has been found that the etch rate of InAs by Cl2 gas is far lower (by a factor of 500) than that of GaAs but this etch rate can be enhanced by electron beam irradiation by a factor of 20, allowing the pattern formation in the InAs mask layer. By delineating a stripe pattern in the InAs resist and subsequently etching in situ the GaAs underneath, we have successfully formed a fine V groove. Since this process is clean and damage free, it is suited for the fabrication of quantum structures in which high-quality etch/regrowth interfaces are required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.110663
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning tunneling microscopy using a ZnO whisker tip (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 3243-3245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A zinc oxide (ZnO) whisker crystal has been examined as a probing tip for scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Atomic resolution images of the surfaces of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and Si(111)-7×7 structures are successfully observed by STM using a ZnO whisker tip, demonstrating that the ZnO whisker crystal is applicable to a STM tip.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111298
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of initial sucrose concentration on excretion of anthocyanin pigments in suspended cultures of Perilla frutescens cells (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1994), S. 590-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Anthocyanin, capacitance ; Perilla frutescens ; pigment production ; plant-cell culture ; sucrose concentration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Cell cultures of Perilla frutescens, growing on Linsmaier and Skoog medium, released more anthocyanin with 40 to 50 g sucrose/l compared with the control of 30 g sucrose/l of medium. More proteins were also released into the medium with the higher sucrose concentration and the cell volume was smaller, suggesting that the higher osmotic pressure, caused by the high sucrose concentration, may cause these releases. The capacitance of the cultured cells indicated a difference in membrane structure between the cells cultivated with different sucrose concentrations, supporting the hypothesis that cell permeabilization is increased at higher sucrose concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367674
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of surfactants on cell growth and pigment production in suspension cultures ofPerilla frutescens (1992)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 8 (1992), S. 106-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Adecanol ; adhesion ; anthocyanin ; bioreactor ; foaming ; Perilla frutescens ; plant cell ; silicone ; surfactant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of surfactants, adecanol LG-294 and silicone A, on anthocyanin accumulation and the growth ofPerilla frutescens cells in suspension cultures were studied. Production of the red pigment was remarkably reduced from about 1.9 g/l to 0.4 g/l by adecanol LG-294 at 0.06 ml/l but not by silicone A up to 0.4 ml/l. Several repeated shake-flask cultures also demonstrated no adverse effects of silicone A on the metabolite accumulation by the suspended cells. Furthermore, the addition of silicone A to a culture in a stirred bioreactor produced a three-fold higher growth rate and a seven-fold increase in anthocyanin compared with surfactant-free cultures. The improvement was due to the substantial reduction or prevention of foaming and of cell adhesion to the bioreactor wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01195826
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of mannan-utilizing bacteria and the culture conditions for mannanase production (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1994), S. 51-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Bacillus subtilis ; mannanase ; mannan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A locally isolated strain, Bacillus subtilis NM-39, was selected as an active mannan-utilizing bacterium based on high saccharifying activities on coconut residue and locust bean gum galactomannan. The optimal pH and temperature ranges for activity of the crude enzyme were 5.0 to 6.0 and 50 to 60°C, respectively. The organism gave maximum mannanase activity when grown in liquid mineral salts medium containing 1% (w/v) each of coconut residue and soybean flour, as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, at pH 7.0 and in aerobic growth for 28 h at 37°C. High saccharifying activity on coconut mannan was also observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357563
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature phase of tetrapropylammonium iodide (1994)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 50 (1994), S. 1758-1760 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270194000703
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase diagram and phase structure of the barium ethyl(octyl) phosphate-water system.1H pulsed-gradient NMR self-diffusion studies (1991)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 269 (1991), S. 713-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Phase structure ; self-diffusion ; ethyl (octyl) phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Barium ethyl(octyl)phosphate (EOP), ((C2H5O)(C8H17O)PO 2 − )2Ba2+, was synthesized and the phase diagram of the EOP-water system consisting of four regions (I, II, III, and IV) was determined. The phase structure was studied from the self-diffusion coefficients obtained by the1H pulsed-gradient NMR method. In region I, a critical micelle concentration (CMC) was found, indicating the presence of a monomer ⇆ micelle equilibrium. Region II is a two-phase area in which regions I and III coexist. For region III, the structure of the aggregate system was found to depend upon the concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00657409
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