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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heteroepitaxial multilayer of YBa2Cu3O7 and PrBa2Cu3O7 on SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 substrates by sputtering (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 2072-2074 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have successfully fabricated epitaxially grown YBa2Cu3O7/PrBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO/PBCO) multilayer thin films on SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 substrates by dc/rf magnetron sputtering. The thicknesses of YBCO and PBCO varied from 1 to 8 unit cells. Satellite peaks in x-ray diffraction patterns clearly indicate the formation of periodic modulation structures of different wavelengths. At a certain thickness of the YBCO layer, the zero resistance transition temperature Tc0 decreased with the increase of the PBCO layer thickness. In contrast, Tc0 increased with the increase of the YBCO layer thickness at a constant PBCO layer thickness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351640
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal shock cleavage of silicon (111) thin crystals (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 1039-1042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Clean thin samples of silicon (111) have been irradiated by 350–400 ns dye-laser pulses of 590 nm radiation under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. Results obtained using a UHV transmission electron microscope on the thermal shock cleavage of these samples are reported. Classic cleavage along {111} planes was observed at relatively low fluences (less than 0.04 J/cm2). The observations on the sample morphology before and after laser irradiation demonstrate that under the conditions that yield to cleavage, there is no long range diffusion of point defects and there is no tendency for the cleavage to occur at pre-existing defects. Although in some cases, cleavages occur at locations that are logically weak, in general, there appears to be no correlation between the cleavage sites and the three-dimensional crystal structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353321
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical current measurements in YBa2Cu3O7−x thin film grown on LaAlO3 substrate (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 884-886 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The critical current density Jc(B,T) of epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) thin films on LaAlO3 was measured under different applied magnetic fields (0–7 T) with the temperature ranging from 65 to 79 K. At 65 K, the zero-field critical current density of the best film was 5.8×106 A/cm2; even at magnetic fields up to 7 T, Jc could reach as high as 1×106 A/cm2. Strong anisotropy was observed at 79 K. The anisotropy behavior diminished with the decrease of temperature. Experimental results showed that Jc was proportional to (Tc−T)3/2 ; this was in accordance with the theoretical explanation by the Josephson junction model for granular superconductors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346784
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Guided waves in a bonded plate: A parametric study (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 6779-6786 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Dispersion of elastic waves in a bonded plate has been analyzed using the exact solution as well as by two approximate models: a spring model that neglects the inertia effects and a density model that does not account for the finite stiffness of the bond layer. It is shown that the two model predictions agree with the exact solution in two overlapped regions of the density and stiffness ratios. However, they fail to predict the actual behavior in certain regions of the parameter domain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.345065
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and properties of high-Tc YBa2Cu3O7−y oriented thin films (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 3493-3497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The a- and c-axis-oriented YBa2Cu3O7−y thin films were prepared by rf magnetron sputtering technique. The characterization of the thin films was carried out by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and scanning Auger profile techniques. The Tc, Tc(H), Jc(H), and Hc2 -T(near Tc) were measured by the standard dc four-probe method. It was found that very strong anisotropy of this material was manifested in its superconducting properties, especially for c-axis-oriented thin films. It was also found that Jc depends very strongly upon stoichiometric composition 123, preferential orientation of the film, and the characteristic of the film-substrate interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346360
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical current and flux pinning near Tc of a YBa2Cu3O7 thin film (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 2461-2463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The voltage V versus current I of a high-quality YBa2Cu3O7−x thin film with zero-resistance temperature equal to 90.8 K was measured at temperatures near Tc (85, 87, and 90 K, respectively) under different magnetic fields (0–7 T). A significant result is that the critical-current density of the film reached 1.37×104 A/cm2 (zero field) even at 90 K, implying that strong pinning centers exist in our sample. However, a small applied magnetic field will diminish the critical-current densities remarkably. The pinning-force densities are found to follow Kramer's scaling law in both perpendicular and parallel directions of the magnetic fields to the c axis of the film. A possible influence of thermally activated flux creep on the pinning mechanism is confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.349400
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-axis dc magnetron sputtering of large area high quality YBa2Cu3O7 superconducting thin films (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 348-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is demonstrated by our experiment that using the in situ dc magnetron sputtering method, it is possible to prepare high quality YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thin films with substrates facing the region of plasma ring. The effect of oxygen resputtering can be greatly reduced with a high argon-oxygen working gas ratio and a large target to substrate distance. It is shown that high quality YBCO thin films of more than 60 mm in diameter, that is about the same size of the diameter of the YBCO target, can be prepared with this process. The thin films were characterized by x-ray diffractometry, and the critical temperatures were determined by both resistive and ac susceptibility techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107933
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal vibrations in convergent-beam electron diffraction (1991)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 47 (1991), S. 267-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The frozen phonon technique is introduced as a means of including the effects of thermal vibrations in multislice calculations of CBED patterns. This technique produces a thermal diffuse background, Kikuchi bands and a Debye–Waller factor, all of which are neglected in the standard multislice calculation. The frozen phonon calculations match experimental silicon (100) CBED patterns for specimen thicknesses of up to at least 550 Å. The best-fit silicon r.m.s. vibration amplitude at near room temperature was determined to be 0.085 (5) Å. As an independent check of validity, a comparison of calculated CBED, experimental CBED and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) data was also performed. The frozen phonon technique provides an improved theoretical basis for the simulation of CBED and therefore annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope imaging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767391000375
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of radiative slow-mode shocks (1992)
    Springer
    Solar physics 139 (1992), S. 315-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate the structure of slow-mode MHD shocks in a plasma where both radiation and thermal conduction are important. In such a plasma a slow shock dissociates into an extended foreshock, an isothermal subshock, and a downstream radiative cooling region. Our analysis, which is both numerical and analytical, focuses on the nearly switch-off shocks which are generated by magnetic reconnection in a strong magnetic field. These shocks convert magnetic energy into kinetic energy and heat, and we find that for typical flare conditions about f of the conversion occurs in the subshock while the remaining 1/3 occurs in the foreshock. We also find that no stable, steady-state solutions exist for radiative slow shocks unless the temperature in the radiative region downstream of the subshock falls below 105 K. These results suggest that about 2/3 of the magnetic energy released in flare loops is released at the top of the loop, while the remaining 1/3 is released in the legs of the loop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00159157
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An economic input-output analysis for urban stormwater quality planning (1994)
    Springer
    Water resources management 8 (1994), S. 155-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Urban planning ; stormwater quality ; input-output analysis ; land development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract A new approach using input-output techniques is proposed for the analysis of urban stormwater pollution caused by urban land development. The input-output model provides projections of sectoral outputs within an urban region. By defining land as an input to production, these output projections may be translated into projections of commercial and industrial land development. Furthermore, the ‘closed’ version of the input-output model is used to project residential land development as a function of projected wage income. The pollutant generation in urban stormwater is related to the quantity of each category of land development by a pollutant coefficient matrix. Thus, the model can be used to predict the impact of various economic growth scenarios on pollution loadings in runoff water. This will help planners in assessing the environmental costs of various scenarios, and in preparing for remedial actions. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the applications of the model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00872434
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