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  • 1990-1994  (2)
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  • 1990-1994  (2)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Focusing and accommodation in tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 170 (1992), S. 263-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Tuatara ; Sphenodon punctatus ; Accommodation ; Photorefraction ; Corneal curvature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Photorefraction and photokeratometry were performed on two juvenile tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus, 7 years of age, total length approx. 27 cm). Sphenodon is the only surviving genus of the Rhynchocephalia, an order of reptiles. Both existing species are endangered and are found only in New Zealand. Even though Walls (1942) has stated that the ciliary muscle is relatively weak in tuataras, we observed 8 D of accommodation. The eyes were found to focus independently and we could induce an anisometropia of 6 D. The average corneal power of the tuatara was found to be 101 D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191413
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Focusing and accommodation in the brown kiwi (Apteryx australis) (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 170 (1992), S. 687-689 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Brown kiwi ; Apteryx australis ; Accommodation ; Photorefraction ; Corneal curvature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Brown kiwis are an endangered species of nocturnal, flightless birds which are native to New Zealand. The resting focus of two specimens has previously been studied by retinoscopy in a zoo while the birds were restrained by their keeper (Sivak and Howland 1987). Those birds appeared to be hyperopic (farsighted) by 2–7 D. In this study, examination with infrared photorefraction of the focusing of two unrestrained, feeding birds showed that they could focus objects at infinity and objects in their immediate environment and that they had modest powers of accommodation. Measurements on two 6 month old kiwi chicks showed their corneal radius of curvature to be between 2.90 and 3.00 mm (117 D and 101 D in power).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198978
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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