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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth patterns and endogenous indole-3-acetic acid concentrations in current-year coppice shoots and seedlings of two Betula species (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 88 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Apical dominance, internode elongation, radial growth and xylem cell size in coppice and apical shoots of Betula pubescens B. Pendula were determined and related to endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels, measured by gas chromatography-selected ion monitoring in the apical bud and at three positions along the stem. The effects of defoliation and debudding on morphological and anatomical characters and endogenous IAA levels were also investigated. The coppice shoots displayed superior stem elongation and increased branching during the initial phase of growth, after which their growth pattern was similar to that of the seedlings; however, their radial growth was greater throughout the experiment. Both plant types produced smaller-sized xylem cells at the top of the shoot than at the bottom with coppice shoots tending to form larger tracheids and smaller vessels than the seedlings. There was no consistent difference in IAA concentration between the coppice shoots and the seedlings. Defoliation and debudding reduced the IAA level in the stem within 36 h and it was still low after 25 days. Although the extent of the IAA decrease was similar in both coppice shoots and seedlings, the treatments affected the morphological and anatomical characters differently in the two plant types. The results suggest that the observed differences between seedlings and coppice shoots were not mediated through a drastic change in IAA level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1993.tb01352.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistological localization of trypsin in mucus-secreting cell layers of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 13 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Immunohistochcmical examination showed that trypsin was present in mucus-secreting cell layers of Atlantic salmon, such as surface epithelial cells of gills and intestine, and epidermal cells of dorsal skin. Trypsin in tissue slices was identified by an immunohisto-chemical technique which used affinity purified immunoglobulins from rabbit antisera against purified salmon pancreatic trypsin as primary antibodies. Most of the positively stained cells appeared to be granulated and secretory. The authors hypothesize that trypsin in mucus-secreting cell layers is a part of the non-specific immune defence of the fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1990.tb00778.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth cessation and bud dormancy in relation to ABA level in seedlings and coppice shoots of Betula pubescens as affected by a short photoperiod, water stress and chilling (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 90 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Seedlings and coppice shoots of Betula pubescens Ehrh. were grown under controlled conditions designed to simulate the annual growth cycle, and a water stress was introduced during the short day (SD). Alleviation of hud dormancy after increasing periods at chilling temperatures was tested under long day (LD) conditions. Abscisic acid (ABA) was analysed in leaf and bud samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using [2H4]ABA as the internal standard. Elongation growth of coppice shoots was faster than that of seedlings under both LD and SD conditions, while the final growth cessation occurred in a similar manner and was not affected by water stress, which significantly reduced growth rate in both plant types. Bud dormancy gradually decreased with increasing length of chilling, starting from the basal parts of the plant axis. Water stress did not retard hudhurst. but rather improved it in the chilled coppice shoots and in the non-chilled and partially chilled seedlings. Water content of buds was higher in coppice shoots than in seedlings, but after exposure to SD. it gradually decreased to 45% in both plant types and was not affected by water stress or chilling. The ABA level in both leaves and buds increased during SD treatment and was” enhanced by water stress. No clear differences in bud ABA level were found between the seedlings and coppice shoots under SD conditions, although coppice shoots had less ABA during the preceding LD conditions. There was, in general, no clear effect of chilling on bud ABA level. Budbursl in chilled, single-node cuttings was inhibited by external ABA treatment, which raised the internal ABA levels 10 to 150 times above normal. The observed correlation between ABA level and water content in buds during induction of dormancy under SD and water stress conditions indicates a possible role for ABA in the regulation of dormancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1994.tb08801.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical habitat utilization of fish in a Sonoran Desert stream, Arizona, southwestern United States (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ecology of freshwater fish 1 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract– The physical habitat utilization of 7 species of native fishes in a Sonoran Desert stream, Aravaipa Creek, Arizona is described. The species occupied significantly different depths and velocities of water. Longfin dace (Agosia chrysogaster), speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus) and loach minnow (Tiaroga cobitis) used similar depths and velocities. Two of the three larger species (Sonora sucker [Catostomus insignis] and roundtail chub [Gila robusta]) used areas of greater depth and reduced velocity. Desert sucker (Catostomus clarki) grouped with loach minnow and speckled dace in the velocity of water occupied, but utilized deeper waters. The spikedace (Meda fulgida) aligned very closely with desert sucker in use of all 3 physical habitat variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.1992.tb00005.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Status, distribution, biology, and conservation of two rare southwestern (U.S.A.) salmonids, the Apache trout, Oncorhynchus apache Miller, and the Gila trout, O. gilae Miller (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 37 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1990.tb05035.x
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  • 6
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    A Price Expectations Model of Customer Brand Choice (1990)
    Chicago : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of marketing research. 27:3 (1990:Aug.) 251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-2437
    Topics: Economics
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:b178-1990-027-03-000001
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  • 7
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    The Morality of Software Piracy: A Cross-Cultural Analysis (1990)
    Dordrecht : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of Business Ethics. 9:8 (1990:Aug.) 655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-4544
    Topics: Philosophy , Economics
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:m089-1990-009-08-000003
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5′-Nucleotidase in spinal meningeal compartments in the rat (1992)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 98 (1992), S. 135-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of 5′-nucleotidase (5′-Nu) is reported in spinal meninges of the rat on the basis of an immunohistochemical and enzyme histochemical investigation. Strong immunoreactivity was found in the arachnoid membrane and in the sheaths of the spinal roots as well as in septa subdividing the roots. Also the superficial layer of the ligamentum denticulatum showed enzyme staining. No immunoreactivity could be detected in the pia mater or along the spinal nerve roots outside the subarachnoid space. Within the arachnoid mater the immunoreactivity was concentrated in the basal zone of the arachnoid membrane, thus appearing as a narrow fluorescent band near the border of the dura. An accentuation of immunoreactivity could be observed in areas where small dural blood vessels approach the subarachnoid space. It is well known that adenine nucleotides released from neural and glial cells of the central nervous system finally reach the cerebrospinal fluid. We presume that 5′-Nu in the arachnoid membrane and spinal root sheaths is responsible for the conversion of adenine nucleotides into adenosine and that this conversion is associated with the reabsorption process of cerebrospinal fluid which most probably also takes place in spinal meninges. Adenosine, the product of 5′-nucleotidase, could play a role in the reabsorption process by its vasodilatatory effect on dural and epidural vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00717005
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The morality of software piracy: A cross-cultural analysis (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of business ethics 9 (1990), S. 655-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0697
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Software piracy is a damaging and important moral issue, which is widely believed to be unchecked in particular areas of the globe. This cross-cultural study examines differences in morality and behavior toward software piracy in Singapore versus the United States, and reviews the cultural histories of Asia versus the United States to explore why these differences occur. The paper is based upon pilot data collected in the U.S. and Singapore, using a tradeoff analysis methodology and analysis. The data reveal some fascinating interactions between the level of ethical transgression and the rewards or consequences which they produce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00383392
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping the field of stratification in higher education: the Finnish experience (1991)
    Springer
    Higher education 21 (1991), S. 521-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-174X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In formal terms, Finland has a comprehensive higher education system. There are 20 institutions of higher education in the country, all owned by the state, and one of the central objectives in higher education policy has been to establish all of them on an equal footing in terms of basic resources and status. Not until the 1990s has a shift taken place towards the official injection of a competitive element into higher education policy. During recent decades, the state's grip on the steering of the universities has been tightening; but the shift towards increased competition means a shift towards domination by market forces. This article examines both the changing tasks of the university, and the fact, despite the egalitarianism of official ‘democratic’ higher education policy, of stratification. The aim of the article is to analyze the diversification linked to the selection function of the Finnish higher education system, and thus to create a basis for the investigation of changing higher education policy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00134987
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