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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 105-110 (Jan. 1992), p. 75-84 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 1 (1992), S. 55-58 
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Glomus ; Nodulation ; Rhizobium ; Spore germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Certain flavonoids released from plants regulate activities of soil microbes at micromolar and nanomolar concentrations. Processes affected by these compounds include induction of nodulation gene transcription in rhizobial bacteria, promotion of chemotaxis in rhizobia, increase in growth rate of several bacterial species, and enhancement of Glomus spore germination and hyphal growth. Data on the amount and identity of flavonoids released from several crop plant species form a new basis for molecular genetic and ecological studies of the rhizosphere.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 43 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Pod rot and stem canker, caused by Phytophthora palmivora, are serious diseases of cocoa causing pod losses of up to 63% and the death of up to 10% of trees annually on Kar Kar Island. Papua New Guinea. Trials were conducted on commercial cocoa plantations to compare the effectiveness of potassium phosphonate when applied as trunk injections, trunk paints and foliar sprays, and trunk injections of Aliette CA and of Ridomil 250EC, with conventional Ridomil-based spray programmes. The results show that, in trials conducted over 5 years, injections of potassium phosphonate give the highest healthy pod yield and lowest incidence of Phytophthora pod rot and stem canker when compared with Ridomil-based spray programmes or trunk injections of Ridomil 250EC or Aliette CA. The increase in ripe healthy pod yields was due to both pod rot and stem canker control. The level of control is independent of the seasonal timing of injection. Optimum control was achieved with annual injections of 15 g a. i. per tree, and varied with tree size and disease severity. Injections of phosphonate will, under the range of conditions found in our trials. provide the most cost-effective control of Phytophthora diseases.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is shown that in the vicinity of 77 K beryllium has a superior specific conductance compared with the nominally excellent metallic conductors aluminum and copper. It is concluded that beryllium should be considered for some conduction applications, despite its well known toxicity problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 6 (1990), S. 329-357 
    ISSN: 0743-4634
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 53-55 (Jan. 1991), p. 179-184 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 86 (1991), S. 325-334 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Arthropods ; Disturbance ; Patch dynamics ; Southern Appalachian Mountains ; Succession
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Five sizes of canopy openings (0.016 ha to 10 ha) were established in the Southern Appalachian Mountains in early 1982 to examine the initial patterns of plant and arthropod establishment across a size range of forest disturbances. Vegetation standing crop after the first growing season was considerably higher in large than small openings in apparent response to greater resource release (e.g., sunlight) in larger openings. Woody stump and root sprouts were the dominant mode of revegetation in each patch size. Forest dominants such as Quercus rubra, Q. prinus and Carya spp. were less important as sprouters in openings than several minor forest components (e.g., Robinia pseudo-acacia, Acer rubrum, Halesia carolina and Cornus florida). Arthropod abundance and community composition varied across the size range of forest openings. Arthropods from the surrounding forest readily utilized the smallest canopy openings (0.016 ha). All feeding guilds were well represented in these small openings and herbivore biomass and load (mg of herbivores/g of foliage) were much higher than in larger patches. In contrast, arthropod abundance and species richness were significantly lower in mid-size than smaller patches. The relatively sparse cover and high sunlight in mid-size openings may have promoted surface heat buildups or soil surface/litter moisture deficits which restricted arthropod entry from the surrounding forest. Arthropod abundance and species richness were higher in large than mid-size patches. The greater vegetation cover in larger openings may have minimized the deleterious effects on arthropod populations. However, the absence of population increases among these arthropod species maintained herbivore loads at very low levels in large patches. Our results suggest that arthropod abundance and diversity in sprout-dominated forest openings are highly dependent on the extent of environmental differences between patch and surrounding forest.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 69 (1993), S. 75-82 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: host feeding ; preference ; Pachycrepoideus vindemiae ; parasitoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pachycrepoideus vindemiae Rondani (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is a facultative hyperparasitoid ofDrosophila parasitoids in Europe. FemaleP. vindemiae host-feed from the same hosts into which they lay eggs and this enables them to mature additional eggs.P. vindemiae females were allowed to host-feed from puparia containingDrosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) pupae or pupae ofAsobara tabida Nees (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Wasps which had host-fed carried significantly more eggs; the species of host which was fed from had no significant effect on the number of mature eggs in the ovaries. Host-feeding caused no significant reduction in the size of the emerging offspring.P. vindemiae were allowed to forage over patches containing different frequencies of the two host species. No significant oviposition preference was found but there were marked host-feeding preferences which were affected by the age of the host pupae. It is suggested that these preferences were due to the physical nature of the hosts which were fed from.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The digenean blood fluke Sanguinicola inermis and the family Sanguinicolidae have previously been described as apharyngeate and sucker-less. Examination of the digestive tract of the cercaria of S. inermis with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), however, has confirmed the presence of a well-developed and complex muscular region immediately adjacent to the sub-terminal mouth. The presence of this muscular region, which may be an oral sucker, emphasises the need for further ultrastructural studies on other members of the family. The adjacent oesophagus, composed of modified tegument, has distinct anterior and posterior regions. TEM shows that the surface of the posterior oesophagus is deeply folded and the apical cytoplasm and sunken cytons become filled with secretory granules, eventually forming a “secretory region” adjacent to the intestine. The dorsal, sac-like intestine is composed of a single layer of epithelial cells, the apical surface of which is drawn into shallow folds. Each cell contains numerous secretory granules, rough ER, and a single basal nucleus. The intestinal lumen, which contains electrondense striated bodies, is filled with fibrous material. Only two sensory oral papillae are associated with the digestive tract, positioned either side of the mouth opening and possibly acting as tango-, stretch- or pressure receptors. The papillae comprise several microtubules lying beneath the apical cytoplasm of the tegument within a nerve process, but there is no connection with the external body surface. The morphology of the alimentary canal of the S. inermis cercaria is discussed in relation to the functioning of the digestive system in preparation for establishment in the final host.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Labrador tea ; Ledum groenlandicum ; snowshoe hare ; Lepus americanus ; herbivore ; plant chemical defense ; germacrone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Labrador tea (Ledum groenlandicum), a slow-growing late successional evergreen, is highly unpalatable to snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). Germacrone, a sesquiterpene that is the major component of the essential oil ofL. groenlandicum, was shown by bioassay to be a potent antifeedant to hares. Its concentrations in leaves and intemodes of the plant are high enough to defendL. groenlandicum from hares. This chemical defense of Labrador tea from herbivory is consistent with the resource availability theory of antiherbivore defense.
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