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  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Germination of trinucleated pollen: formulation of a new medium for Capsella bursa-pastoris (1990)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 3 (1990), S. 228-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Trinucleate pollen ; In vitro germination ; Polyethylene glycol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In Brewbaker and Kwack's medium (BK) only 16% of the pollen grains germinated, and these produced pollen tubes having a maximum length of 25 μm. With a solution based on Monnier's medium 47% germination and 160-μmlong pollen tubes were observed. Calcium was shown to be essential for germination; the optimal concentration was 880 mg/l calcium chloride. The optimal concentrations of magnesium sulphate and boric acid were 360 and 50 mg/l, respectively. Germination at pH 4.0 but also pH 8.0 and the presence of vitamins B1 and B6 (1 mg/l each) were stimulatory. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was superior to sucrose as an osmoticum and germination and tube length were significantly improved using PEG 4000 at a concentration of 120 g/l (0.03 M). Equimolar concentrations of PEG 400 and PEG 600 gave inferior results. Combining PEG with sucrose in the medium did not improve germination or increase tube length.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202880
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methods for non-stigmatic pollination in Trifolium repens (Papilionaceae): seed set with self- and cross-pollinations in vitro (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 83 (1992), S. 912-918 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: In vitro culture ; Self-compatibility ; Pollination ; Trifolium repens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The stigma and style of Trifolium repens L. was successfully by-passed, and viable seed was obtained by placing pollen on a perforation made in either the ovary wall or in the base of the style. The application of pollen to the stump of the style also succeeded in producing viable seed. The presence of the calyx and corolla facilitated seed set in cultured florets. An incision made along the entire length of the ovary to permit pollen entry resulted in necrosis of the floret. Perforation of the ovary did not affect the yield of seeds obtained from stigmatic pollinations. Growth of pollen tubes was observed on wounded tissues and also within the style and cavity of the ovary. A mean yield of 20 embryos was obtained per 100 florets in non-stigmatic pollinations, whereas with stigmatic pollinations in vitro the yield was 148. Nonstigmatic pollinations also gave seeds when T. repens was self pollinated, which showed that the gametophytic system of self-incompatibility (SI) could be by-passed. With one genotype, self-pollination via the stigma failed, whereas embryos were obtained via non-stigmatic pollinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226715
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollination in vitro: effects on the growth of pollen tubes, seed set and gametophytic self-incompatibility in Trifolium pratense L. and T. repens L. (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 80 (1990), S. 657-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Self-compatibility ; Trifolium repens ; Trifolium pratense ; Pollen tube ; In vitro culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Growth of pollen tubes and seed set were compared after hand pollination in situ and in vitro in two self-incompatible species, Trifolium pratense and Trifolium repens. Adhesion of pollen grains to the stigma was greater in vitro for both species. After cross-pollination, in vitro culture gave a significant increase in the cumulative growth of pollen tubes in pistils of T. pratense compared to in situ conditions. After selfing in T. repens, pollen tube growth was significantly increased by in vitro culture of florets. Seed set after crossing in situ and in vitro was similar for both species. Seed set after selfing in vitro was not increased in T. pratense. Several genotypes of T. repens were classified as very good, good and poor selfers based on their capacity for seed set following selfing in situ. In vitro pollination increased self seed formation by 1.7-, 18.0- and 31.0-fold for each class, respectively. Ovules located nearest to the style were fertilized more often after selfing than after crossing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224226
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