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  • 1990-1994  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of UHMWPE polymeric transfer films on sliding glass counterfaces: early and steady-state wear studied by transmission electron microscopy (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 1045-1058 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract At a temperature of 30°C polymeric transfer films were generated on glass counterfaces during small-amplitude oscillatory sliding contact with an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) pin under a constant load of 6.5 MPa. Early discontinuous and continuous (steady-state) transfer films were studied with vertical platinum-carbon replication and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Nanometre-scale UHMWPE deposits in these transfer films have been visualized for the first time. Nanometre-scale particles averaging 20.6 ±6.3nm (5–40nm) were deposited on glass in the early stages of UHMWPE film transfer. After formation of a continuous transfer film, UHMWPE particles of slightly smaller dimensions, 13.5±6.1 nm (2–41 nm), were deposited on the transfer film surface. In addition, micrometre-scale particles (0.1–6.4 μm) were found at the ends of the wear track. At high magnification, a fraction of the UHMWPE polymer chains observed in particle surfaces and in the transfer film surface nearby were not oriented in the sliding direction. Some crystal- or plate-like particles of UHMWPE were seen in the transfer film. Plate-like and micrometre-scale spherulitic inclusions were also identified on the mostly amorphous UHMWPE pin surface fractured at liquid nitrogen temperatures. The high frequency of nanometre-scale UHMWPE particles in contrast to the less numerous micrometre-scale deposits near the ends of the wear track suggests that the nanometre-scale deposits contribute significantly to transfer film formation and to the wear characteristics of UHMWPE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400892
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    Formation of UHMWPE polymeric transfer films on sliding glass counterfaces: early and steady-state wear studied by transmission electron microscopy (1993)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2461
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    The kinetic friction of saline ice against itself at low sliding velocities (1991)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-01-01
    Description: An experimental investigation was performed on the kinetic friction coefficient of laboratory-grown, columnar saline ice sliding against itself. Tests were performed on a dual-opposing load apparatus specially manufactured for attachment to an MTS testing system. The mean kinetic friction coefficient, μ, was measured for sliding velocities from 10−6 to 5 × 10−2 m s−1 at temperatures from —3° to —40°C under a contact pressure of about 20 kPa. The ice specimens were oriented with grain columns perpendicular to the sliding interface. At -3°C and at —10°C, three distinct regions were observed: from 10−6 to about 10−5ms−1, μwas nearly constant at 0.5; at velocities from 10−5 to 10−3 m s−1, μ began to drop rapidly to about 0.1; and, above 10−3 m s−1, μ began to level off at ~0.05. The velocity at which μ began to decline increased with decreasing temperature. At temperatures below —10°C, μ increased from ~0.5 at v =10−6ms−1 to a peak value of ~0.7 near a velocity of 5 × 10−5ms−1 and then fell rapidly to about 0.1 at 10−2ms−1. In general, μ increased with decreasing temperature and sliding velocity.
    Print ISSN: 0260-3055
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5644
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Glaciological Society.
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  • 4
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    The kinetic friction of saline ice against itself at low sliding velocities (1991)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-01-01
    Description: An experimental investigation was performed on the kinetic friction coefficient of laboratory-grown, columnar saline ice sliding against itself. Tests were performed on a dual-opposing load apparatus specially manufactured for attachment to an MTS testing system. The mean kinetic friction coefficient, μ, was measured for sliding velocities from 10−6 to 5 × 10−2 m s−1 at temperatures from —3° to —40°C under a contact pressure of about 20 kPa. The ice specimens were oriented with grain columns perpendicular to the sliding interface. At -3°C and at —10°C, three distinct regions were observed: from 10−6 to about 10−5ms−1, μwas nearly constant at 0.5; at velocities from 10−5 to 10−3 m s−1, μ began to drop rapidly to about 0.1; and, above 10−3 m s−1, μ began to level off at ~0.05. The velocity at which μ began to decline increased with decreasing temperature. At temperatures below —10°C, μ increased from ~0.5 at v =10−6ms−1 to a peak value of ~0.7 near a velocity of 5 × 10−5ms−1 and then fell rapidly to about 0.1 at 10−2ms−1. In general, μ increased with decreasing temperature and sliding velocity.
    Print ISSN: 0260-3055
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5644
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Glaciological Society.
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  • 5
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    XPS analysis of the effect of fillers on PTFE transfer film development in sliding contacts (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The development of transfer films atop steel counterfaces in contact with unfilled and bronze-filled PTFE has been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sliding apparatus was contained within the vacuum of the analytical system, so the effects of the native oxide, hydrocarbon, and adsorbed gaseous surface layers of the steel upon the PTFE transfer behavior could be studied in situ. For both the filled and the unfilled PTFE, cleaner surfaces promoted greater amounts of transfer. Metal fluorides, which formed at the transfer film/counterface interface, were found solely in cases where the native oxide had been removed to expose the metallic surface prior to sliding. These fluorides also were found at clean metal/PTFE interfaces formed in the absence of frictional contact. A fraction of these fluorides resulted from irradiation damage inherent in XPS analysis. PTFE transfer films were found to build up with repeated sliding passes, by a process in which strands of transfer filled in the remaining counterface area. Under these reported test conditions, the transfer process is not expected to continue atop previously deposited transfer films. The bronze-filled composite generated greater amounts of transfer than the unfilled PTFE. The results are discussed relative to the observed increase in wear resistance imparted to PTFE by a broad range of inorganic fillers.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: STLE Tribology Transactions (ISSN 0569-8197); 36; 4; p. 535-544.
    Format: text
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