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  • Articles  (105)
  • Engineering General
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • 1990-1994  (83)
  • 1980-1984  (22)
  • 1940-1944
  • Chemistry and Pharmacology  (105)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nongenomic regulation of extracellular matrix events by vitamin D metabolites (1994)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 56 (1994), S. 331-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: 1,25-(OH)2D3 ; 24,25-(OH)2D3 ; matrix vesicles ; nongenomic regulation ; extracellular matrix ; alkaline phosphatase ; phospholipase A2 ; Protein kinase C ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Vitamin D metabolites appear to regulate chondrocytes and osteoblasts via a combination of genomic and nongenomic mechanisms. Specificity of the nongenomic response to either 1,25-(OH)2D3 or 24, 25-(OH)2D3 may be conferred by the chemical composition of the target membrane and its fluid mosaic structure, by the presence of specific membrane receptors, or by the interaction with classic Vitamin D receptors. Nongenomic effects have been shown to include changes in membrane fluidity, fatty acid acylation and reacylation, arachidonic acid metabolism and prostaglandin production, calcium ion flux, and protein kinaase C activity. Chondrocytes metabolize 25-(OH)D3 to 1,25-(OH)2D3 and 24,25-(OH)2D3; production of these metabolites is regulated by both growth factors and hormones and is dependent on the state of cell maturation. 1,25-(OH)2D3 and 24,25-(OH)2D3 may interact directly with extracellular matix vesicles to regulate their function in the matrix, including protease activity, resulting in matrix modefication and calcification. Isolated matrix vesicles, produced by growth zone chondrocytes, can activate latent transforming growth factor-β when incubated with exogenous 1,25-(OH)2D3. These observations suggest that nongenomic regulation of martix vesicle structure and function may be a mechanism by which mesenchymal cells, like osteoblasts and chndrocytes, may modulate events in the extracellular matrix at sites distant from the cell surace.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240560309
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of vanadate-sensitive Mg2+-ATPase and shape change in intact red blood cells (1991)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 46 (1991), S. 284-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: erythrocytes ; magnesium ; echinocyte ; calcium ; plasma membrane ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Intact human erythrocytes, initially depleted of Mg2+ by EDTA incubation in the presence of A23187, exhibit Mg2+-dependent phosphate production of around 1.5 mmol per liter cells · h, half-maximally activated at around 0.4 mM added free Mg2+. This appears to correspond to Mg2+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (Mg2+-ATPase) activity found in isolated membranes, which is known to have a similar activity and affinity for Mg2+. Vanadate (up to 100 μM) inhibited Mg2+-dependent phosphate production and ATP breakdown in intact cells. Over a similar concentration range vanadate (3-100 μM) transformed intact cells from normal discocytes to echinocytes within 4-8 h at 37°C, and more rapidly in Mg2+-depleted cells. The rate of Ca2+-induced echinocytosis was also enhanced in Mg2+-depleted cells. These results support previous studies in erythrocyte ghosts suggesting that vanadate-induced shape change is associated with inhibition of Mg2+-ATPase activity localized in the plasma membrane of the red blood cell.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240460403
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of the photosynthetic membranes of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides (1983)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 22 (1983), S. 15-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides ; photosynthetic membrane synthesis ; cell cycle ; freeze fracture ; macromolecule distribution ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The steady-state biosynthesis of the photosynthetic membrane (ICM) of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides has been reviewed. At moderate light intensities, 500 ft-c, preexisting ICM serves as the insertion matrix for newly synthesized membrane components. Whereas the bulk of the membrane protein, protein-pigment complexes, and pigments are inserted into preexisting ICM throughout the cell cycle, phospholipid is transferred from outside the ICM to the ICM only at the time of cell division. Because the site of cellular phospholipid synthesis is the cytoplasmic membrane, these results infer that despite the physical continuity of cytoplasmic membrane and ICM, there must exist between these membranous domains a “barrier” to the free diffusion of cellular phospholipid. The cyclical alternation in protein to phospholipid ratio of the ICM infers major structural and functional alternations, such as changes in the protein to lipid ratio of the membrane, specific density of the membrane, lipid structure within the membrane, and the rate of cyclic electron flow. When biochemical studies are correlated with detailed electron microscopic investigations we can further conclude that the number of photosynthetic units within the plane of the membrane can vary by nearly a factor of two over the course of the cell cycle. The average physical size of the photosynthetic units is constant for a given light intensity but inversely proportional to light intensity. The distribution of photosynthetic unit size classes within the membrane can be interpreted as suggesting that the “core” of the photosynthetic unit (reaction center plus fixed antenna complex) is inserted into the membrane coordinately as a structural entity. The variable antenna complex is, on the other hand, inserted independent of the “core” and randomly associates with both old and new core complexes. Finally, we conclude that there is substantial substructure to the distribution of photosynthetic units within the ICM, ie, they are highly ordered and exist in a defined spatial orientation to one another.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240220103
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylation of the 5′ flanking sequences of the ribosomal DNA in human cell lines and in a human-hamster hybird cell line (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 50 (1992), S. 357-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: rDNA ; lymphoblastoid ; methylation ; hypermethylation ; DNA ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: In human lymphoplastoid cell line (Z83) in which rDNA genes on chromosomes 22 are amplified but transcribed at a low level, immunocytological studies with antibodies to 5 methylcytidine provided evidence for hypermethylation of the rDNA. The extent of methylation of the 5′ flanking sequence of the ribosomal DNA was examined by comapring the size of restriciton fragments obtained by digestion of genomic DNA with EcoRI and Hpall or EcoRI and Mpsl. Southern blots indicated hypermethylation of the 5′ flanking sequences of many copies of rRNA genes in these cells, but not in a control lymphoblastoid cell line without rDNA amplification. Results obtained with somatic hybird human-hamster cell line, in which the rRNA genes on the single human chromosomes 22 are inactive, showed that only a small fraction of the CCGG sites in the 5′ flanking sequences of the transcriptionally silent rRNA genes in this hybird were methylated. Since inactive rRNA genes can show such a minimal level of methylation, it is likely that the extreme hypermethylation of the apmlified rRNA genes in Z83 association with their inactivation rather than following it. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240500404
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell cycle dependent distribution of proliferating cell nuclear antigen/cyclin and cdc2-kinase in mouse T-lymphoma cells (1993)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 52 (1993), S. 362-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: flow cytometry ; BrdU incorporation ; S-phase ; DNA synthesis ; p34-cdc2 ; colcemid ; mitotic inhibitors ; aneuploidy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The aim of the present study was to investigate bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake and coordinated distribution of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p34-cdc2-kinase, two important proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and progression. Flow cytometric analysis of marker proteins in freshly plated mouse T-lymphoma cells (Yac-1 cells), using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled specific antibodies, showed PCNA distributed throughout the cell cycle with increased intensity in S-phase. PCNA is essential for cells to cycle through S-phase and its synthesis is initiated during late G1-phase before incorporation of BrdU and remains high during active DNA replication. The intensity of PCNA fluorescence increases with the duration of incubation after plating. The cdc2-kinase was detectable in all phases of the cell cycle and the G2-M-phase appears to have the maximum concentrations. The cell cycle analysis of high dose colcemid (2 μg/ml) treated Yac-1 cells showed an aneuploid or hypodiploid population. Although the G2-M-phase seems to be the dominating population in aneuploid cells, the concentrations of cdc2-kinase were variable in this phase of cell cycle. The colcemid treatment at 25 ng/ml arrested 96% of cells in S-phase and G2-M-phase, but PCNA expression was evident in a portion of the cell population in G2-M-phase. Although cells blocked in M-phase seem to have high levels of cdc2-kinase, colcemid renders them inactive. From these data, it appears that the down regulation and/or inactivation of cdc2-kinase could be responsible for the colcemid arrest of cells in M-phase.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240520312
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative studies on human placental insulin and basic somatomedin receptors (1982)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 20 (1982), S. 283-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: insulin receptor ; basic somatomedin receptor ; human placenta ; peptide maps ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The disuccinimidy! suberate, affinity-labeling procedure, and proteolytic mapping techniques have been employed to characterize further the human placental receptors for insulin and basic somatomedin. Electrophoretic analysis of the basic somatomedin receptor, selectively crosslinked to 125I basic somatomedin in the presence of excess native insulin revealed, under reducing conditions, major labeled constituents of 270-280 and 125-140 kd, substantiating our previous work employing a photoaffinity labeling reagent. Affinity labeling also demonstrated the presence of less intensely labeled components with apparent molecular weights of 40 and 45 kd but failed to reveal a distinct 90- to 100-kd species observed in parallel experiments with insulin. In the absence of β-mercaptoethanol, all components specifically labeled with 125I basic somatomedin migrated in the 300- to 400-kd range. In comparison, selective affinity labeling of the insulin receptor in the presence of excess native basic somatomedin revealed components, upon electrophoresis under reducing conditions, with apparent molecular weights of 270-280, 125-140, 90-100, and 40 kd. The major insulin-labeled component (125-140 kd) comigrated with the major constituent (125-140 kd) selectively labeled with basic somatomedin. When digestion was performed prior to solubilization, chymotryptic and tryptic proteolysis of the membrane-localized selectively labeled insulin, and basic somatomedin receptors yielded quite similar gel electrophoretic maps. However, when digestion was done subsequent to solubilization, chymotryptic and tryptic proteolysis of selectively labeled insulin and basic somatomedin receptors solubilized in SDS yielded similar but not identical gel electrophoretic maps. We conclude that the receptors for basic somatomedin and insulin are highly homologous structures with respect to their disulfide crosslinked composition, and with respect to the size of the major components detected by selective affinity-labeling procedures. Nevertheless, the detection of electrophoretically distinct labeled receptor components upon analysis of specifically labeled intact or proteolytically digested receptors points to subtle differences between the polypeptide compositions of the two receptors.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240200308
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential induction of heme oxygenase in the hepatocarcinoma cell line (Hep3B) by environmental agents (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 49 (1992), S. 259-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: heme ; heme oxygenase ; mRNA ; environmental agents ; metalloporphyrins ; lipopolysaccharide ; acute phase ; Hep3B ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: In situ hybridization and Northern analysis of heme oxygenase (HO) mRNA was used to determine the induction and expression of HO by various environmental agents. Exposure of Hep3B cells to hemin (10 μM) for as little as 5 min resulted in significant production of HO transcripts and mRNA expression as seen by in situ hybridization. We followed the pattern of HO transcript accumulation by heme and results indicate that the peak of induction of HO by heme was reached between 10 and 20 minutes. Other metalloporphyrins were all effective in inducing HO mRNA after 1 h exposure. On the other hand, CoCl2 caused accumulation of HO mRNA at a later time than seen with the metalloporphyrins. However, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) gave a more immediate effect on HO induction which was somewhat similar to heme in its time course. Direct measurements of HO activity revealed that enzyme activity could be detected after about 20 min exposure to hemin, and this activity was inhibited by tin protoporphyrin (SnPP). The different pattern of HO mRNA induction by LPS as contrasted with CoCl2 suggests that LPS may act through a different translational factor, or stimulate free radical formation and the subsequent release of heme and induction of HO. These results indicate that heme causes accumulation of HO mRNA by a different mechanism than that of CoCl2. Finally, LPS shares a concomitant effect on induction of HO as an acute phase reactant type protein.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240490308
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin binding sites on the nuclear envelope: potential relationship to mRNA metabolism (1982)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 20 (1982), S. 29-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240200104
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary photochemistry in the facultative green photosynthetic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus (1983)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 22 (1983), S. 251-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Chloroflexus aurantiacus ; primary photochemistry ; reaction centers ; bacterial reaction centers ; bacteriochlorophyll ; bacteriopheophytin ; menaquinone ; ubiquinone ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The mechanism of primary photochemistry has been investigated in purified cytoplasmic membranes and isolated reaction centers of Chloroflexus aurantiacus. Redox titrations on the cytoplasmic membranes indicate that the midpoint redox potential of P870, the primary electron donor bacteriochlorophyll, is +362 mV. An early electron acceptor, presumably menaquinone has Em 8.1 = -50 mV, and a tightly bound photooxidizable cytochrome c554 has Em 8.1 = +245 mV. The isolated reaction center has a bacteriochlorophyll to bacteriopheophytin ratio of 0.94:1. A two-quinone acceptor system is present, and is inhibited by o-phenanthroline. Picosecond transient absorption and kinetic measurements indicate the bacteriopheophytin and bacteriochlorophyll form an earlier electron acceptor complex.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240220407
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the expression-linked extra copy (ELC) and basic copy (BC) genes of a trypanosome surface antigen (1983)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 23 (1983), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: trypanosome ; genes ; rearrangement ; surface antigen ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A recombinant clone of an expression-linked extra copy (ELC) gene of a trypanosome-variable surface glycoprotein was sequenced. In addition the sequences of the corresponding cDNA and portions of the two basic copy genes were determined. Comparison of these sequences reveals that the 5′ boundary of the ELC-transposed segment (2.2 kb) occurs within a repetitive sequence about 700 bp upstream from the start codon of the coding sequence. This sequence does not contain internal symmetries and is not homologous with the repetitive sequence at the 3′ boundary. The first 35 nucleotides of the cDNA are different than the corresponding ELC sequence and presumably were transcribed from another genomic location. A restriction fragment containing predominantly sequences outside of the 5′ boundary hybridizes to a Pst I fragment whose length is variable in different trypanosome clones. This hybridization pattern is similar to that observed using probes for surface glycoprotein genes that are expressed via the nonduplication-associatcd (NDA) mechanism rather than the ELC mechanism. This indicates that there is a sequence correlation between these two DNA rearrangement mechanism.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240230102
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