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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of interferon-β on the translocation rate and stationary time in human fibroblasts in culture (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 19 (1991), S. 99-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: inhibition of cell motility and proliferation by interferon-β ; interferon-β increases stationary time in fibroblasts ; interferon-β decreases translocation rate in fibroblasts ; fibroblast motility in culture ; cell motility: translocation rate and stationary time ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The rate of translocation and the percent of the time that cells are stationary have been measured by computer-assisted time-lapse cinemicrography in over 1,000 freshly planted human foreskin fibroblasts (FS-4 cell strain) for periods of up to a week and the effects of interferon-β (IFN-β) on these parameters have been determined. Cells were planted at 2.5 × 103 cells/cm2 in Eagle's minimal essential-medium (MEM) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Frames were taken every 2 or 4 minutes and data were collected on both cell location and cell division as a function of time. After planting FS-4 cells require ∼48 hr to reach maximum motility both with respect to the translocation rate when moving and percent time cells are moving. Recombinant human IFN-β (800 μ/ml) caused a marked increase in the fraction of time cells were stationary and a decrease of lesser magnitude in the translocation rate, as quantitated during the period during which the stationary fraction for control cells was at a minimum. IFN-β also decreased the rate of cell proliferation, without any evidence of degeneration or death of cells. Our results contribute new evidence that the fraction of time cells spend moving directionally is an important determinant of their locomotory behavior and that this determinant is responsive to modulation by cytokines.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970190205
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of selective glucocorticoid-dependent responses in a glucocorticoid-resistant smooth muscle tumor cell line (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 156 (1993), S. 88-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The DDT1 MF2 smooth muscle cell line was derived from an estrogen/androgeninduced leiomyosarcoma arising in the hamster ductus deferens. Growth of this cell line is arrested in Go/G1 by treatment with glucocorticoids. To facilitate the study of the mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced cell growth arrest, a glucocorticoid-resistant variant cell line, DDT1 MF2 GR1 (GR1), was developed by genetic selection. Growth of this mutant cell line is completely resistant to the inhibitory action of glucocorticoids. However, we now demonstrate that both primary and secondary glucocorticoid-induced events still exist in the GR1 cell line. By analyzing the expression and genetic pattern of glucocorticoid receptor, no detectable rearrangement of the glucocorticoid receptor gene was found although the expression of both mRNA and protein levels of the receptor were lower in the variant compared to wild-type cells. In addition, we found that the expression of two growth-associated genes, Ha-ras and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) are down-regulated by glucocorticoids in wild-type DDT1 MF2 cells but not in GR1 cells. These results indicated that the function or activity of glucocorticoid receptor in the GR1 cells is not qualitatively altered. Our data suggest that a lower glucocorticoid receptor level is not the real cause or at least not the single cause for the GR1 cell's loss of sensitivity to the inhibitory action of glucocorticoid. Instead, we postulate the existence of a defect downstream of the primary site of action of glucocorticoid receptor complexes in GR1 cells. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041560113
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of reduced cell volume and water content on glycolysis in L-929 cells (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 142 (1990), S. 386-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mouse L-929 cells were subjected to increasing concentrations of sorbitol, which remove cell water and reduce volume osmotically. The rate of lactate production from glucose was significantly higher in osmotically perturbed cells than in controls, both in monolayers and in suspensions. L cells can apparently use sorbitol as a glycolytic substrate; however, studies using other solutes (trehalose and sucrose) and permeabilized cells showed that the major effect of scrbitol on glycolysis in intact cells is mediated through a reduction in cell water content and volume. It is possible to explain some of these results by an increase in the chemical potentials of dissolved components of the glycolytic pathway caused by water loss; however, the relationship between water loss and glycolytic rate increase in not a simple linear one, suggesting that the situation is more complex than would result merely from increased concentrations of pathway components. Whatever the complete explanation might be, these studies show that glycolysis continues in an orderly fashion in cells that have lost about 85% of their original water content, suggesting that the operation of this pathway is not unduly sensitive to events taking place in the bulk aqueous phase.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041420223
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ubiquitous perivenous smooth muscle cords in viscera of the teleost Rachycentron canadum, with special emphasis on liver (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 212 (1992), S. 175-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The liver of the cobia, Rachycentron canadum, was examined by gross dissection, histological, and ultrastructural procedures. Other visceral organs were examined by histological techniques only. Unique perivenous smooth muscle cords are associated with veins in these systems, but they are particularly prominent in their association with the hepatic portal veins and their numerous intrahepatic branches. The perivenous smooth muscle cords accompany tributaries of the portal veins to the junction of the venules with the hepatic sinusoids. The reciprocal contraction and relaxation of various segments of the smooth muscle cords appear to result in pooling of blood in temporary reservoirs and in its transport to various regions of the organ. This process might apply to other organ systems as well. Possibly this unique relationship of the smooth muscle cords with veins functions in a diving reflex. Triads are occasionally encountered in the cobia liver. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052120208
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic interrelationship among species of the genus Zygosaccharomyces as revealed by small-subunit rRNA gene sequences (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 871-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Yeast ; Zygosaccharomyces ; 18S rRNA ; phylogeny ; direct sequencing ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The phylogenetic interrelationship of species of the genus Zygosaccharomyces was examined by 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Comparative analysis of the sequence data revealed the genus to consist of a number of distinct subdivisions. The most prevalent species associated with food spoilage, Z. bailii, Z. bisporus and Z. rouxii, along with Z. mellis were found to form one subdivision. Zygosaccharomyces cidri and Z. fermentati formed a distinct species pair, as did Z. microellipsoides and Z. mrakii. Zygosaccharomyces florentinus formed a separate line displaying no specific relationship with any of the other Zygosaccharomyces species examined. Comparison with nine published ascosporogenous yeast 18S rRNA gene sequences showed that Z. microellipsoides and Z. mrakii were genealogically very close to Torulaspora delbrueckii (both displaying 99·8% 18S rRNA sequence similarity), raising the possibility that these two Zygosaccharomyces species should be moved to the genus Torulaspora.The topologies of trees derived from complete 18S rRNA gene sequences and from individual domains within the gene were compared and the implications of using partial sequence data for inferring phylogenetic relationships discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320100703
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