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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A chromosomal survey using standard lymphocyte cultures employing different media and G-banding techniques was initiated in 1984. This study became particularly important following the tragic gaseous exposure of the population in Bhopal at midnight on 2 December 1984. We have been able to formulate a chromosomal profile for each person whom we have studied; during 1986–1988, 154 persons were examined twice. Among seemingly normal individuals, as many as 20% might possess some chromosomal abnormality; of these, 50% may develop, at a later date, some kind of pathological complication (such as tumours, recurrent abortion or transmission of defects to their offspring). The people exposed to methyl isocyanate have repeatedly shown Robertsonian translocations, mostly in acrocentric chromosomes 13 and 21. Other types of translocations have been studied among all exposed (53) and normal (101) persons; the involvement of chromosomes 5, 9, 11, 14 and 16 is statistically significant (P= 〈0.001). One of the major clinical symptoms is dyspnoea; we have estimated that almost all seriously dyspnoeic patients have developed at least two categories of chromosomal aberrations, one of which is Robertsonian translocation, in at least 10% metaphases. Our chromosomal survey will be of significance because we are able to identify people with chromosomal aberrations that might be correlated with future pathological consequences of the accident. The “chromosomal load” that can be sustained with an apparently normal phenotype can also be measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 14 (1994), S. 298-310 
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The unsteady viscous incompressible flow around a circular cylinder is studied numerically for high Reynolds number. The two dimensional Navier-Stokes equation in stream function-vorticity formulation is solved. A fractional step method is used to solve the stream function equation while the vorticity transport equation is solved using a third order upwinding scheme. The computed solutions by the finite difference method agree reasonably well with the available experimental and other computational results at a Reynolds number of 9500 and 4500. These comparisons are for the initial stages of flow evolution when the wake bubble is symmetric.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1990-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-6717
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1203
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1994-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0015-5632
    Electronic ISSN: 1874-9356
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Economic theory 3 (1993), S. 571-576 
    ISSN: 1432-0479
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Summary This short paper provides an alternative framework to axiomatize various binary preference relations such as semiorder, weak semiorder etc. A set of simple axioms is presented in terms of revealed-preferred and revealed-inferior alternatives which makes the connection between various binary preference relations transparent; and every single axiom is necessary and sufficient for the existence of a binary preference relation of a specified type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Multimedia systems 2 (1994), S. 218-227 
    ISSN: 1432-1882
    Keywords: Image coding ; Signal compression ; Wavelet transform ; Image transforms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract The wavelet transform has become a cutting-edge technology in image compression research. This article explains what wavelets are and provides a practical, nuts-and-bolts tutorial on wavelet-based compression that will help readers to understand and experiment with this important new technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ability of the SV40 large tumor antigen (T antigen), a DNA helicase, to bind to model DNA replication forks was tested. DNA fork molecules were constructed either from two partially complementary oligonucleotides or from a single oligonucleotide able to form a ‘panhandle’ structure. T antigen specifically recognized the two-strand fork in a reaction dependent on the presence of ATP, dATP, or non-hydrolyzable analogs of ATP. T antigen asymmetrically bound the two-strand fork, protecting from nuclease cleavage a fork-proximal region on only one of the two strands. The asymmetric binding is consistent with the 3′⇌5′ directionality of the DNA helicase activity of T antigen. An analogous region on the one-strand fork was also bound by T antigen, suggesting that T antigen does not require a free singlestranded end to load onto the fork. Use of chemically modified DNA substrates indicated that T antigen binding to the fork utilized important contacts with the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1990), S. 334-335 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of VLSI signal processing systems for signal, image, and video technology 8 (1994), S. 305-318 
    ISSN: 1573-109X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The Residue number system (RNS) is inherently suited to high speed computations using custom tailored VLSI systems. In this paper, an algorithm for residue addition, based on a novel, ‘non unique’ number representation scheme, is implemented by a systolic array embedded in a VLSI chip. The pipelined cells are implemented, using a true single phase clock dynamic circuit structure, with computer synthesized minimized trees (switching trees). The array may be easily programmed by the user to accept any arbitrary modulus. Important applications of this array are in residue decoding and fault tolerant computation requiring the use of the Chinese Remainder Theorem where the modulus for addition is relatively large.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Discrete event dynamic systems 2 (1992), S. 139-172 
    ISSN: 1573-7594
    Keywords: discrete event systems ; optimal control ; graph theory ; dynamic programming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Most of the results to date in discrete event supervisory control assume a “zero-or-infinity” structure for the cost of controlling a discrete event system, in the sense that it costs nothing to disable controllable events while uncontrollable events cannot be disabled (i.e., their disablement entails infinite cost). In several applications however, a more refined structure of the control cost becomes necessary in order to quantify the tradeoffs between candidate supervisors. In this paper, we formulate and solve a new optimal control problem for a class of discrete event systems. We assume that the system can be modeled as a finite acylic directed graph, i.e., the system process has a finite set of event trajectories and thus is “terminating.” The optimal control problem explicitly considers the cost of control in the objective function. In general terms, this problem involves a tradeoff between the cost of system evolution, which is quantified in terms of a path cost on the event trajectories generated by the system, and the cost of impacting on the external environment, which is quantified as a dynamic cost on control. We also seek a least restrictive solution. An algorithm based on dynamic programming is developed for the solution of this problem. This algorithm is based on a graph-theoretic formulation of the problem. The use of dynamic programming allows for the efficient construction of an “optimal subgraph” (i.e., optimal supervisor) of the given graph (i.e., discrete event system) with respect to the cost structure imposed. We show that this algorithm is of polynomial complexity in the number of vertices of the graph of the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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