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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of resonance ionization mass spectrometry (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 2433-2459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe here several types of mass spectrometry in which the mass selectivity is combined with a highly selective laser ionization method to achieve both high sensitivity and very high selectivity. These methods combine the most sensitive and highly selective laser ionization methods with mass selectivity in order to improve on both the sensitivity and the Z and A selectivity previously achievable in detecting atomic species. Applications of these methods include the dating of geophysical specimens, the on line analysis of rare short-lived isotopes produced in high-energy collisions, the detection of low levels of heavy metals or radioactive isotopes in biological samples, the detection of impurities in ultrapure materials, and a host of other applications. Because some versions of this method offer sensitivity to a hundred atoms of a particular isotope of an element in a macroscopic sample, there are new possibilities for fundamental studies of rare events. Several types of facilities for elemental and isotopic analysis will be described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144702
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-intensity laser beam attenuation based on two-step absorption mechanism (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 4281-4287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Due to rapid progress in the development of high-power tunable visible lasers, it is expected that eye protection from tunable lasers in the open field will be needed in the near future. A nonlinear method is proposed that will transmit low-intensity light, but absorb light at high intensities. This high-intensity attenuator is based on the use of a liquid or solid made up of molecules having the property of undergoing two-photon photodissociation through most of the visible part of the spectrum. This material must also have the additional property that one of the products of the photodissociation is a one-photon absorber throughout the same wavelength region. It is suggested that the laser beam intensity can be attenuated by a large factor through these two-step absorption mechanisms, and that if the one-photon absorbing product is quenched by collisions with some component of the liquid in a time that is small compared with the laser pulse length, very large attenuation can be achieved from the built-up concentration of one-photon absorbers. Thus, the early part of a laser pulse is attenuated by two-photon absorption only, but the later parts of the pulse can be attenuated by factors as large as 105. Using a double-pass geometry, the leading edge of the pulse can be absorbed by linearly absorbing species formed on the first pass. The double-pass method, with an optical delay line, can even work well with picosecond pulses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352189
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical power limiting of fullerenes (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 2785-2787 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Optical power limiting processes in C60 solutions have been measured in a double-pass geometry designed to produce high beam attenuation. Based on the concentration of C60 and measured attenuation of laser fluence, it was found that, at high intensities, more than 100 visible (532 nm) photons per C60 molecule can be absorbed during a single 7-nanosecond laser pulse. The requisite features of such efficacious attenuation mechanisms are briefly discussed and a model meeting the requirements is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111470
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure-activity relationships for skin sensitization potential: Development of structural alerts for use in knowledge-based toxicity prediction systems (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical information and modeling 34 (1994), S. 154-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5142
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci00017a019
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of two nuclear pet mutants affecting expression of the mitochondrial oli1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 19 (1991), S. 343-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: PET genes ; Yeast ; Mitochondria ; ATP synthase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary This study details the characteristics of two temperature-conditional pet mutants of yeast, strains ts1860 and ts379, which at the non-permissive temperature show deficiencies in the formation of three mitochondrially encoded subunits of the ATP synthase complex. By analysis of mitochondrial translation products, and of mitochondrial transcription in temperature shift experiments from the permissive (22°C) to the non-permissive (36°C) temperature, it was concluded that the nuclear mutations in both mutants primarily inhibit synthesis of ATP synthase subunit 9, and that reductions in subunit 8 and 6 synthesis are secondary pleiotropic effects. Following transfer to 36°C, cells of mutant ts379 display a near complete inhibition of subunit 9 synthesis within 1 h, coincident with a marked reduction in the level of the cognate oli1 mRNA. On the other hand, near complete inhibition of subunit 9 synthesis in strain ts1860 occurs after 3 h at 36°C, at which time there is little change in the level of subunit 9 mRNA. In both mutants the mRNA levels for subunits 6 and 8 are not significantly affected at the time of inhibition of subunit 9 synthesis. Provision of an alternative source of subunit 8, translated extra-mitochondrially for import into the organelle, does not overcome the mutant phenotype of either mutant at 36°C, confirming that subunit 8 is not the sole or primary deficiency in each mutant. The mutants indicate that the products of a least two nuclear genes (designated AEP1 and AEP2) are required for the expression of the mitochondrial oli1 gene and the synthesis of subunit 9. The product of the AEP1 gene (defective in mutant ts1860) is required for translation of oli1 mRNA while the AEP2 product (defective in mutant ts379) is essential either for the stability of oli1 mRNA or for the correct processing of precursor transcripts to the mature message.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00309594
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a second nuclear gene, AEP1, required for expression of the mitochondrial OLI1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1993)
    Springer
    Current genetics 24 (1993), S. 126-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: AEP1 ; Yeast ; Mitochindria ; ATP synthase ; PET gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Due to mutation in a single nuclear locus, AEP1, the temperature-conditional pet mutant ts1860 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fails to synthesize mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit 9 at the restrictive temperature of 36°C. The presence at this temperature of near-normal levels of the cognate oli1 mRNA in mutant ts1860 indicates that, as previously shown, the product of the AEP1 gene is required for translation of the mitochondrial oli1 transcript. In this study the AEP1 gene has been cloned from a wild-type yeast genomic library by genetic complementation of a temperature-conditional aep1 strain at the restrictive temperature. A 2,330-bp genomic fragment which restores subunit 9 synthesis in aep1 mutant strains was characterized. This fragment encoded five open reading frames: the longest of these, at 1,554 nucleotides, was identified as the AEP1 gene, since disruption of this reading frame generated a non-conditional pet strain unable to synthesize subunit 9. The predicted product of AEP1 is a basic, hydrophilic protein of 59,571 Da which possesses a putative mitochondrial address sequence. Hybridization studies with AEP1-specific probes indicate that the gene is located on chromosome XIII and produces several poly(A)+ transcripts ranging in size from 0.9 to 2.7 kb. None of the identified reading frames share significant homologies with entries of several data bases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324676
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a yeast nuclear gene, AEP2, required for accumulation of mitochondrial mRNA encoding subunit 9 of the ATP synthase (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 20 (1991), S. 53-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: AEP2 ; Yeast ; Mitochondria ; ATP synthase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The temperature-conditional pet mutant, ts379, of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fails to synthesize mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit 9 at the restrictive temperature due to mutation of a single nuclear locus, AEP2. The inability to synthesize subunit 9 correlates with a lowered accumulation of the cognate oli1 mRNA indicating that the AEP2 product is involved in oli1 transcript maturation or stabilization. The AEP2 gene has been isolated in this study from a wild-type yeast genomic library by genetic complementation of ts379 at the restrictive temperature. A 1740 nucleotide open-reading frame was observed that encodes a basic, hydrophilic protein of 67534 Da which possesses a putative mitochondrial address signal. Disruption of chromosomal DNA within this reading frame produced a non-conditional respiratory mutant unable to synthesize subunit 9, identifying the AEP2 gene. Hybridization analyses indicate that AEP2 is located on chromosome XIII and produces a 2.1 kb poly(A)+ transcript. Two additional open-reading frames were found in close proximity to that of AEP2. The three open-reading frames shared no significant homology with entries in several data bases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312765
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ab initio calculations on (OH)4 defects in α-quartz (1994)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 21 (1994), S. 150-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Ab initio total energy calculations based on a new optimized oxygen psuedopotential have been used to study the structures and relative energies of α-quartz, a partly (OH)4 substituted version of the α-quartz structure, and interstitial water molecules in α-quartz. Hydrogen bonds formed from two hydroxyl groups of the (OH)4 defects in the substituted α-quartz structure promote a stable structure for the defect α-quartz at low temperature. Comparable ab initio calculation of the energy of the interstitial water molecule in the quartz structure indicates that, energetically, the (OH)4 defect is likely to be strongly favoured as a mode for the incorporation of water. Ab initio stress calculations confirm that the (OH)4 defect in quartz has a large associated stress field which is likely to lead to segregation of these defects on supersaturation in wet quartz. The calculations indicate that segregation should occur in the plane (10 $$\bar 1$$ 0) of the α-quartz structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203145
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  • 9
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    Ab initiototal-energy calculations for extremely large systems: Application to the Takayanagi reconstruction of Si(111) (1992)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-02
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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  • 10
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    Microscopic Theory of Periodic Conductance Resonances in Narrow Channels (1993)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-05-31
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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