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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of Reverse Thermo-remanent Magnetism of Igneous Rocks (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 172 (1953), S. 630-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] For the physical mechanism of the production of reverse thermo-remanent magnetism, Neel2 proposed a possible process in which the ferromagnetic minerals are composed of two different constituents of widely different Curie point; the magnetization of the constituent of lower Curie point is affected ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/172630a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of N,N-dimethyl-9-anthrylacetamide (1991)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 47 (1991), S. 200-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270190007466
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of (3,5,7,13,15,17-hexaethyl-2,8,12,18-tetramethylporphinato)copper(II) (1990)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 46 (1990), S. 1745-1747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270190004346
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of prostaglandin E2 on mineralization of bone nodules formed by fetal rat calvarial cells (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 451-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Prostaglandin E2 ; Rat calvarial cell ; Differentiation ; Mineralization ; Osteopontin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effects of PGE2 on mineralized bone nodule formation were studied in fetal rat calvarial (RC) cells in vitro. Continuous exposure of RC cells to 3x10-8M PGE2 induced a twofold increase in mineralized bone nodule formation and a 1.5-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity without affecting RC cell growth. These stimulatory effects were evoked by concentrations of 3x 10-9-3x10-6 M PGE2 and the maximal effect was observed with 3x10-8 M PGE2. The in vitro effects of PGE2 were evident when RC cells were exposed to it on days 8–14 and 8–21, which correspond to the post-confluent culture stage, but no effects were observed when the cells were exposed on days 1–7, the growth stage. The ALPase activity was also higher (1.2–1.4-fold) when 3x10-8 M PGE2 was added during the post-confluent stage. In order to determine the effect of PGE2 during the mineralization phase of bone nodules in the presence of a large population of osteoprogenitor cells, RC cells were exposed to dexamethasone for 7 days before PGE2 was added during the post-confluent stage. A significantly higher percentage of nodules mineralized were observed with 3x10-8-3x10-9 M PGE2 (1.6-and 1.4-fold, respectively), than in control cultures. Analysis of the mineral-related proteins by EDTA extraction of bone nodules followed by electrophoresis and Stains-All staining revealed an increased total amount of osteopontin extracted from the mineralized matrix after PGE2 treatment. The osteopontin content was highest after 3x10-8 M PGE2, with a 73% increase of the densitometric intensity of the bands, although this increase, reflected the increased number of mineralized bone nodules due to PGE2. These findings suggest that PGE2 may increase the proportion of functional osteoblasts able to produce mineralized bone nodules in the population by stimulating differentiation during the postconfluent stage of RC cell culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298559
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes of colon epithelium proliferation due to individual aging with cyclin proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin) immunostaining compared to [3H]-thymidine radioautography (1994)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 101 (1994), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a change in the proliferative activity of mouse colonic epithelium due to development and aging. In order to measure the proliferative activity, colonic epithelium was immunostained for cyclin proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin), which appears from the Gl to the S phase of the cell cycle, and compared with labeling obtained by [3H]-thymidine radioautography. Litter mice of six age groups from the fetal period (embryonic day 19), newborn period (postnatal day 1), suckling period (postnatal day 5), weaning period (postnatal dy 21), adult period (2 month old) to the senescent period (11 month old) were examined by immunohistochemistry. The descending colons were fixed in methacarn (method-Carnoy) and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained for PCNA/cyclin activity using 19A2 monoclonal antibody and the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) technique. For radioautography, litter mice of nine age groups using in vivo intraperitoneal administration of [3H]-thymidine. The labeling indices of colonic epithelial cells in the proliferative zone were then analyzed and compared between the two investigative methods. Our results show that the prliferative activity of mice colon was high in the fetal and newborn periods and almost constant from the suckling period to senescence, as demonstrated by both PCNA/cyclin immunohistochemistry and [3H]-thymidine radioautography. The labeling index seen by PCNA/cyclin immunohistochemistry was, however, higher than that seen by [3H]-thymidine radioautography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315826
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ceramic electrodes for an alkali metal thermo-electric converter (AMTEC) (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 23 (1993), S. 1251-1258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract TiN, TiC, TiC/TiN, and Mo electrodes for an Alkali Metal Thermo-Electric Converter (AMTEC) were prepared by ceramic processing and their cathodic polarization characteristics were studied at 600–800°C. The polarization characteristics for TiN and TIC electrodes were similar to those for the Mo electrode. Among three kinds of TiC electrodes with different morphologies, the electrode consisting of finer grains gave a higher power density (0.40 W cm−2). The activation energies for the exchange current density were smaller for ceramic electrodes than for the Mo electrode. In the high current density region above about 1 A cm−2, a limiting current region appeared. When the vacuum level of the low temperature region, which was controlled by introduction of argon, was below 10 Pa, the power density did not depend on the vacuum level but, above 10 Pa, the power density decreased with increase of argon pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234808
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoperiodic responses during larval development and diapause of two geographic ecotypes of the rice stem maggot, Chlorops oryzae (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 63 (1992), S. 273-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Diapause ; photoperiod ; rice stem maggot ; Chlorops oryzae ; Chloropidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chlorops oryzae is bivoltine in northern Japan but trivoltine in the southern part of the country. In the bivoltine strain, both the egg and larval stages were found to be sensitive to photoperiod. When the egg stage was exposed to a long-day photoperiod (16L:8D), larval development showed a short-day type response, and mature third-instar larvae entered a summer diapause under a long-day photoperiod (15L:9D). When eggs experienced short days, the first-instar larvae entered a winter diapause under short-day conditions, and the critical photoperiod in the larval stage ranged from about 14L:10D to about 12L:12D as the photoperiod experienced by the eggs increased from 12L:12D to 14L:10D. However, the development of the larvae after overwintering was not influenced by the photoperiod. In the trivoltine strain, larval development was retarded under a 14L:10D photoperiod but not under either shorter or longer photoperiods, when larvae had spent the egg stage under a 16L:8D photoperiod. The critical photoperiod of the larval stage for the induction of a winter diapause in the first instar was about 12L:12D, though it varied to some extent with the photoperiod during the egg stage. Thus, Chlorops oryzae was able to adapt itself to the local climatic conditions by the development of variable and complicated photoperiodic responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192776
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sources of resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in cultivated and wild species of Capsicum (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 67 (1993), S. 89-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Capsicum sp. ; pepper ; tomato spotted wilt virus ; field resistance ; isolate-specific resistance ; disease screening
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A germplasm collection of 70 cultivars and wild species of Capsicum was evaluated for resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) under field (natural inoculum) conditions. Different levels of resistance to the disease caused by this virus were observed among the tested lines. High degree of field resistance was detected in two Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum, two C. chinense, and three C. annuum lines. Controlled greenhouse tests were also carried out to confirm the resistant reaction of these seven field selected lines. These lines were mechanically inoculated with two serologically distinct isolates of TSWV obtained from different geographic regions of Brazil. The two C. chinense lines (‘CNPH 275’ and ‘PI 159236’) were virtually immune against one specific (TSWV-BsB) isolate but were susceptible to another isolate (TSWV-SP) used in this assay. Sources of resistance for both isolates were not found. Our experimental results strongly indicate there exists a number of genetic mechanisms (probably including action of vertical and horizontal genes) to TSWV resistance in Capsicum spp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022729
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Failure mechanism of chromium-silicon-oxide resistive films stressed by electric pulse loading (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 2955-2961 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The failure mechanism of chromium-silicon-oxide (Cr-Si-O) resistive films stressed by electric pulse loading has been investigated. Cr-Si-O resistive films were deposited with the Cr-Si target in an oxygen partial pressure of 0.05 Pa by reactive sputtering. The composition was 26 at % Cr, 48 at % Si, and 26 at % O with a microstructure of CrSi2 small crystallites and an amorphous SiO2 matrix. Resistance increased and flow patterns on the film surfaces were observed during the load-life tests to stress the resistive films at high-power electric pulses. The temperature increase in the film during the load-life tests was obtained numerically by using a finite element method (FEM), due to the difficulty of experimentally measuring the temperature increase. It reaches 400°C, for example, when supplied with a 0.5 W electric pulse of 1 ms pulse width. Film lifetimes and peak temperatures have a linear relation in the Arrhenius plots. Structurally, a decrease of chromium concentration was observed near the cathode region after electric pulse loading. These results indicate that the CrSi2 particles move in the Cr-Si-O film during the load-life tests. This movement induces the resistance increase and the final failure of the film as the electromigration phenomenon in pure aluminium or aluminium alloy films induces film failure. The activation energy for the electromigration of CrSi2 particles in the Cr-Si-O film was found to be 1.53 eV from the slopes in the Arrhenius plots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354699
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organization of heterogeneous mitochondrial DNA molecules in mitochondrial nuclei of cultured tobacco cells (1993)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 175 (1993), S. 112-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell culture ; DNA content ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Mitochondrial genome ; Nicotiana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The molecular size of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules and the number of copies of mtDNA per mitochondrion were evaluated from cultured cells of the tobacco BY-2 line derived fromNicotiana tabacum L. cv. Bright Yellow-2. To determine the DNA content per mitochondrion, protoplasts of cultured cells were stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and the intensity of the fluorescence emitted from the mitochondrial nuclei (mt-nuclei) was measured with a video-intensified photon counting microscope system (VIM system). Each mitochondrion except for those undergoing a division contained one mt-nucleus. The most frequently measured size of the DNA in the mitochondria was between 120 and 200 kilobase pairs (kbp) throughout the course of culture of the tobacco cells. Mitochondria containing more than 200 kbp of DNA increased significantly in number 24 h after transfer of the cells into fresh medium but their number fell as the culture continued. Because division of mitochondria began soon after transfer of the cells into fresh medium and continued for 3 days, the change of the DNA content per mitochondrion during the culture must correspond to DNA synthesis of mitochondria in the course of mitochondrial division. By contrast, the analyses of products of digestion by restriction endonucleases indicated that the genome size of the mtDNA was at least 270 kbp. Electron microscopy revealed that mtDNAs were circular molecules and their length ranged from 1 to 35 μm, and 60% of them ranged from 7 to 11 μrn. These results indicate that the mitochondrial genome in tobacco cells consists of multiple species of mtDNA molecules, and mitochondria do not contain all the mtDNA species. Therefore, mitochondria are heterogeneous in mtDNA composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01385008
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