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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 94 (1990), S. 8362-8364 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 98 (1992), S. 135-139 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of 5′-nucleotidase (5′-Nu) is reported in spinal meninges of the rat on the basis of an immunohistochemical and enzyme histochemical investigation. Strong immunoreactivity was found in the arachnoid membrane and in the sheaths of the spinal roots as well as in septa subdividing the roots. Also the superficial layer of the ligamentum denticulatum showed enzyme staining. No immunoreactivity could be detected in the pia mater or along the spinal nerve roots outside the subarachnoid space. Within the arachnoid mater the immunoreactivity was concentrated in the basal zone of the arachnoid membrane, thus appearing as a narrow fluorescent band near the border of the dura. An accentuation of immunoreactivity could be observed in areas where small dural blood vessels approach the subarachnoid space. It is well known that adenine nucleotides released from neural and glial cells of the central nervous system finally reach the cerebrospinal fluid. We presume that 5′-Nu in the arachnoid membrane and spinal root sheaths is responsible for the conversion of adenine nucleotides into adenosine and that this conversion is associated with the reabsorption process of cerebrospinal fluid which most probably also takes place in spinal meninges. Adenosine, the product of 5′-nucleotidase, could play a role in the reabsorption process by its vasodilatatory effect on dural and epidural vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 101 (1994), S. 439-447 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the kidney a striking parallel exists between the expression of ecto-5′-nucleotidase and of erythropoietin by renal fibroblasts. It was therefore hypothesized that the expression of ecto-5′-nucleotidase in fibroblasts might be controlled by oxygen tension. In order to test this hypothesis, we examined the distribution of the enzyme in a tissue which displays a defined zonation in respect to oxygen tension, namely in the liver; anaemia was used in order to exaggerate this zonation. The distribution of ecto-5′-nucleotidase was investigated by light and electron microscopy using enzyme and immunohistochemical methods in the livers of healthy and of anaemic rats. Anaemia was produced by haemolysis combined with X-ray irradiation. The enzyme was detected in the bile canaliculi, in the connective tissue of the portal triads and of the central veins, and in fat-storing cells probably corresponding to a special form of fibroblasts. In healthy animals the perisinusoidal ecto-5′-nucleotidase activity was slightly higher in the pericentral than in the periportal area of the acinus whereas the inverse was observed for the staining of bile canaliculi. Anaemia provoked an increase of ecto-5′-nucleotidase in fat-storing cells in the pericentral zone of the acinus and in fibroblasts around the central veins, resulting in steepended gradients along the sinusoids. The intralobular gradient of ecto-5′-nucleotidase in perisinusoidal cells and the effect thereon of anaemia suggest that the expression of the ecto-5′-nucleotidase might be directly or indirectly controlled by local oxygen tension.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 95 (1990), S. 165-174 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A monoclonal antibody IgG, has been raised against ecto-5′-nucleotidase purified from rat kidney homogenate. The specificity of the antibody was verified by immunoprecipitation. The distribution of the corresponding antigen in the rat kidney was studied by immunocytochemistry (FITC and PAP technique) in 1 μm thick cryostat sections. The antibody reacted with the brush border of proximal tubules, the apical cell membrane and the apical cytoplasm of intercalated cells in connecting tubules and collecting ducts and with interstitial cells of the cortex. Among the interstitial cells exclusively stellate shaped fibroblasts were reactive whereas rounded interstitial cells (type II interstitial cells) as well as pericytes and endothelial cells of peritubular capillaries were unreactive. Compared to the staining intensity of the fibroblasts in the cortical labyrinth the reactivity of the fibroblasts in the medullary rays of the cortex was weak or absent. Interstitial cells of the entire medulla were unreactive. Concerning the fibroblasts in the periarterial connective tissue, those surrounding the larger arteries (arcuate arteries, cortical radial arteries) were negative, those alongside afferent and efferent arterioles were positive. Endothelia of lymphatic capillaries travelling within the periarterial connective tissue were also positive. All components of the juxtaglomerular apparatus were negative. The findings are consistent with an interstitial production of adenosine, available extracellularly and thus being able to reach the major target sites of adenosine, the smooth muscles of glomerular arterioles, including the granular cells at the glomerular vascular pole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Antigen-presenting cells ; Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC class II) ; Macrophages ; Dendritic cells ; Meninges ; Dorsal root ganglia ; Spihal cord ; Rat (Wistar, SIV, Brown-Norway: Ch. Rivcr Wiga)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report deals with the distribution, morphology and specific topical relationships of bone-marrow-derived cells (free cells) in the spinal meninges and dorsal root ganglia of the normal rat. The morphology of these cells has been studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Cells expressing the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II gene product have been recognized by immunofluorescence. At the level of the transmission electron microscope, free cells are found in all layers of the meninges. Many of them display characteristic ultrastructural features of macrophages, whereas others show a highly vacuolated cytoplasm and are endowed with many processes. These elements lack a conspicuous lysosomal system and might represent dendritic cells. Scanning electron microscopy has revealed that free cells contact the cerebrospinal fluid via abundant cytoplasmic processes that cross the cell layers of the pia mater and of the arachnoid. Cells expressing the MHC class II antigen are also found in all layers of the meninges. They are particularly abundant in the layers immediately adjacent to the subarachnoid space, in the neighbourhood of dural vessels, along the spinal roots and in the dural funnels. In addition to the meninges, strong immunoreactivity for MHC class II antigen is observed in the dorsal root ganglia. The ultrastructural and immunohistochemical findings of this study suggest the existence of a well-developed system of immunological surveillance of the subarachnoid space and of the dorsal root ganglia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 37 (1954), S. 2161-2165 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Isorauhimbin, C21H26O3N2, ein mit Yohimbin isomeres Alkaloid aus den Wurzeln von Rauwolfia serpentina Benth., lieferte bei der Dehydrierung mit Selen Yobyrin, Tetrabyrin und Dehydro-keto-yobyrin. Daraus lässt sich ableiten, dass Isorauhimbin das gleiche Ringgerüst wie Yohimbin aufweist, und dass die Methoxycarbonyl-Gruppe ebenfalls am Kohlenstoffatom 16 sitzt. Die Stellung der Hydroxylgruppe, deren sekundärer Charakter durch Acetylierung nachgewiesen wurde, bleibt noch ungewiss, da die Oxydation nach Oppenauer bisher zu keinem kristallisierten Abbauprodukt führte.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 37 (1954), S. 1805-1814 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: L'aricine C22H26O4N2 conduit par déshydrogénation sélénique à un produit dont la majeure partie possède la structure d'une méthoxydéséthyl-alstyrine (VIb) (démontrée par désintégration et identité des produits dérivés avec ceux préparés par synthèse).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
  • 9
    Publication Date: 1990-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0378-4371
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-2119
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1991-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0378-4371
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-2119
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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