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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 2217-2221 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present experimental and theoretical results on the absorption in the Ar-broadened wing of the infrared CO2 ν3 band. Measurements have been made in the 293–765 K temperature range for total gas pressures up to 60 bar and are in good agreement with previous determinations at room temperature. Calculations have been carried out by using a line by line coupling theory presented and tested previously [J. Chem. Phys. 89, 625 (1988) and 91, 2163 (1989)]. The theoretical approach accounts for both line mixing and the wave-number dependence of the relaxation operator. It enables correct modeling of the temperature dependence of absorption. The strong sublorentzian absorption resulting from competitions between negative and positive individual line contributions is analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 43 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: About 20 ovaries of the whitefish ‘Blaufelchen’ (Coregonus lavaretus L.) of Lake Constance (Bodensee) were collected annually from 1964-1991. Absolute and relative fecundity peaked in the early 1980s, lagging about 2 years behind the maximum of total-P in the water (during the circulation period). Out of the biological time-series of Lake Constance, whitefish fecundity is the only one known to follow the phosphorus curve, and this may be the first time-series documented case of parallel trend reversal in the trophic state of a lake and fish biology. It is concluded that fish fecundity serves, at best, as an unspecific monitor of the overall well-being of the fish.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 3747-3753 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Direct connection between spectroscopic relaxation cross sections and appropriate state-to-state rotational cross sections in vibrational modes enables one to introduce convenient energy corrections to the sudden approximation. Since the angular momentum coupling photon–rotation–vibration is properly taken into account, this approach applies to stretching as well as bending bands. Diode laser experiments have been made for pure 12C16O2 in the infrared Q branch of the (11 10)I←(00 00) band in order to investigate the effect of collisional line mixing on the spectral profile. The energy corrected sudden scaling law is used within the present theoretical approach for both the inversion of j→0 basis cross sections from broadening data and the calculation of line-coupling coefficients. Resulting absorption profiles are in good agreement with measured values without the need for the introduction of any ad hoc decoupling factor for the considered bending band.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical methods of operations research 28 (1984), S. B59 
    ISSN: 1432-5217
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A method of project scheduling with stochastic networks is shown in a discrete version. It yields an upper bound for the expected delay of a given project completion time. The numerical complexity of the implemented procedure is given. By means of two examples the results of the numerical implementation are summarized. The accuracy and practicability can be seen by comparing these results to those of an exact solution and a PERT-solution.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Verfahren der Projektplanung mit Hilfe von stochastisch bewerteten Netzplänen vorgestellt. Dieses Verfahren berechnet eine obere Schranke für den Erwartungswert der Überschreitung eines Projektendterminst. Anhand zweier Beispiele werden die Ergebnisse aus einer numerischen Implementation des Verfahrens zusammengefaßt und Anhaltspunkte zur Genauigkeit, Effizienz und praktischen Anwendbarkeit — durch einen Vergleich mit einer exakten Lösung und durch eine Gegenüberstellung mit PERT gegeben.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 53 (1990), S. 223-265 
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the summer of 1988/89 flights were carried out in the Coorong coastal area of South Australia to investigate sea-breeze fronts. The flights yielded data sets of the structure of the fronts in the cross-frontal direction with a spatial resolution of approximately 3 m. The study is focused on the budgets of sensible and latent heat in the vicinity of the front and on frontogenesis/frontolysis processes which are closely related to budget considerations. The frontogenesis relationships and the budgets were established on a 2 km length scale by low-pass filtering of the space series. As the wind components were measured with high accuracy, all processes which determine frontogenesis could be evaluated and are displayed in x,z-cross-sections: these are the confluence, shear and diabatic effects, all of which play a role in ∂q/∂x-, ∂q/∂z-, ∂θ/∂x- as well as ∂θ/∂z-frontogenesis. A detailed analysis is given for two different states of frontal development. The presented results shed much light on the governing physical processes in the frontal region with strong emphasis on the effects of confluence-generated updrafts, on shear instabilities causing bulges and clefts in the frontal surface as well as producing the elevated frontal head, and on processes related to differential heating and moistening.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Dihetero[2.2]orthometacyclophane ; Dynamic NMR spectroscopy ; Conformational analysis ; Ring interconversion of 9-membered ring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die N,N′-Ditosyl-diaza[2.2]orthometacyclophane5a, b wurden aus N,N-Ditosylmetaphenylendiamin durch Umsetzung mit (Z)-1,4-Dichlorbuten bzw. 1,2-Bisbrommethylbenzol gewonnen. Tieftemperatur-NMR-Untersuchungen ergaben, daß5b als 1:1 Mischung einer Sessel- und einer Bootkonformation des gespanntenE,Z-Diazanonadienringes vorliegt. Bei Raumtemperatur ist die zugehörige Ringinversion schnell in der NMR-Zeitskala, die entsprechenden Protonen in beiden Konformeren, auch die aller CH2-Brückenprotonen, ergeben gemittelte Signale. Bei tiefen Temperaturen wird zunächst die Inversion der Methylenbrücken eingefroren (Signale für zweiexo- und zweiendo-CH2-Protonen werden erhalten, ΔG ≠ ca. 52 kJ mol−1). Bei weiterer Temperatursenkung können nach Einfrieren eines zweiten dynamischen Prozesses Sessel- und Bootkonformer anhand von getrennten Signalsätzen identifiziert werden (die freie Aktivierungsenthalpie für den zugehörigen Sessel-Boot-Flip beträgt ΔG ≠ ca. 43.5 kJ mol−1). Die Zuordnung der1H- und13C-NMR-Resonanzen wurde mit Hilfe von zweidimensionalen NMR-Experimenten gesichert.
    Notes: Summary The N,N′-ditosyl-diaza[2.2]orthometacyclophanes5a, b were synthesized from N,N-ditosyl-metaphenylenediamine by reaction with (Z)-1,4-dichlorobutene and 1,2-bis-bromomethylbenzene, respectively. Low temperature NMR studies showed that the compound5b exists as a 1:1 mixture of chair and boat form of the strained (E,Z)-diazanonadiene ring. At room temperature all corresponding resonances are averaged on the NMR time scale (including all four ethylene bridge protons). Going to lower temperatures, in a first step the methylene bridge inversion is frozen (giving twoexo H and twoendo H, ΔG ≠ ca. 52kJmol−1). In a second step the chair and boat form can be observed separately (ΔG ≠ ca. 43.5 kJ mol−1 for the chair/boat flip). The assignments were confirmed by 2D NMR experiments.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Production of charmed mesons in γγ-interactions at PETRA energies has been observed in the TASSO detector. Cross sections for inclusiveD *± and $$D^0 \bar D^0 $$ production have been measured. Neutral and charged meson pairs are estimated to be produced with comparable cross sections, and their sum seems to account for a sizeable fraction of σtot(γγ→hadrons) near the $$c\bar c$$ threshold.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The forward-backward asymmetry in the reaction e+e-→bb has been determined at centre of mass energies near 35 GeV using the TASSO detector. We report results from three different methods. The combined result of the measurements is $$\overline A _b = - 0.21 \pm 0.08$$ ignoring $$B^0 \bar B^0 $$ mixing. Taking mixing into account leads to a corrected asymmetry of $$\overline {A_b^{cor} } = - 0.28 \pm 0.11$$ . The axial vector coupling constant of theb quark as calculated from the corrected asymmetry isa b=−1.2±0.5 to be compared with the valuea b SM =−1 from the standard model.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 11 (1991), S. 213-221 
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Keywords: erythrocytes ; cell shape transformation ; transmembrane potential ; chlorpromazine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on the shape of human erythrocytes with different values of transmembrane potential (TMP) was investigated. The shape of red blood cells with negative values of the TMP remained unchanged after the formation of stomatocytes by chlorpromazine, while cells with positive TMP showed a characteristic time course of shape change during the incubation with CPZ. Experiments with vanadate show that this might be due to a difference in the activity of the phospholipid-translocase at different values of TMP.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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