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  • 2000-2004  (20)
  • 1990-1994  (47)
  • 1965-1969  (11)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature and metabolic rate in sedentary fish from the Antarctic, North Sea and Indo-West Pacific Ocean (1991)
    Springer
    Marine biology 109 (1991), S. 191-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Resting metabolic rate $$(\dot V_{O_{2[rest]} } )$$ was measured in demersal stages of the teleostNotothenia neglecta Nybelin from the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica, from 1985 to 1987. The relationship between $$\dot V_{O_{2[rest]} } $$ and body mass (Mb) conformed to the general relationship $$\dot V_{O_{2[rest]} } = aMb^b $$ , wherea is a proportionality constant andb is the scaling exponent. $$\dot V_{O_{2[rest]} } $$ (mg O2 h−1) was found to scale toMb (0.82±0.011) in the summer (November to April, 1.6 to 1 850 g,n=56) and toMb (0.76±0.013) in the winter (May to October, 0.9 to 1 850 g,n=57) (values ofb are means ± SD). Although the scaling exponents were significantly different (P〈0.01), $$\dot V_{O_{2[rest]} } $$ was similar in the juvenile stages of summer- and winter-caught fish matched for body mass. The effects of activity on oxygen consumption was studied using a Brett respirometer. Adult stages had a factorial aerobic scope for activity $$(\dot V_{O_{2[max]} } :\dot V_{O_{2[rest]} } )$$ of 5.7, which is similar to that reported for demersal fish from temperate latitudes. The effects of temperature on resting metabolism was investigated in fish with similar sedentary lifestyles from the North Sea (Agonus cataphractus andMyoxocephalus scorpius) and the Indo-West Pacific (Paracirrhites forsteri, P. arcatus, Neocirrhites armatus andExallias brevis). Extrapolated values of $$\dot V_{O_{2[rest]} } $$ for the tropical species approached zero at 5 to 10°C. For a standard 50 g fish, $$\dot V_{O_{2[rest]} } $$ for the tropical species at 25°C was in the range 3.4 to 4.4 mg O2 h−1, compared with 1.3 mg O2 h−1 forNotothenia neglecta at its acclimation temperature. Thus, the maximum metabolic rate of sedentary tropical species at 24°C is likely to be 2 to 4 times higher than inN. neglecta at 0°C. This suggests that the energy available for sustained activity $$(\dot V_{O_{2[max]} } - \dot V_{O_{2[rest]} } )$$ is significantly lower in cold- than in warm-water fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01319386
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding rates and diel vertical migration of copepods near South Georgia: comparison of shelf and oceanic sites (1992)
    Springer
    Marine biology 114 (1992), S. 49-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seventeen Longhurst Hardy Plankton Recorder profiles were taken over a diel cycle in January 1990 to study the feeding of four major copepods over the South Georgia shelf. Ontogenetic changes in vertical migration were followed and feeding cycles determined by gut fluorometry for Calanoides acutus Stage CV, Calanus sinillimus CV and CVI♀, C. propinquus CV and Rhincalanus gigas CV and CVI♀. In common with a neighbouring oceanic site visited two weeks later and reported elsewhere, all four species had a diel cycle of feeding and migration. The vertical distributions of C. simillimus (all stages), R. gigas (nauplii) and Euphausia frigida (postlarvae) were similar at both sites, the night being spent within the chlorophyll maximum at 15 to 30 m. However, the biomass dominants, C. acutus and R. gigas, dwelt below the chlorophyll maximum, about 30 m deeper than their oceanic counterparts. Unlike the oceanic site, feeding at the shelf site was not restricted to darkness, but increased 6 to 10 h before nightfall and finished at dawn; the intervening period coincided with sinking and digestion. Daylight feeding may have been induced by the shorter night, lower light levels or greater food requirements at the shelf site, despite planktonic predators being over three times more abundant. Daily ration estimates for R. gigas at both sites were only ∼2% body carbon per day. These low values contrast with its smaller competirors, whose rations were in the range 5.6 to 27%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350855
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diel vertical migration and feeding of copepods at an oceanic site near South Georgia (1992)
    Springer
    Marine biology 113 (1992), S. 583-593 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Twelve Longhurst Hardy Plankton Recorder (LHPR) profiles were taken over a 16 h period in January 1990, in order to study feeding of four copepod species at an Antarctic oceanic site near South Georgia. Vertical distributions of their life stages, as well as those of dominant competitors and predators, are described in relation to the feeding cycles of Calanoides acutus CV, Calanus simillimus CV, Calanus propinquus CV and Rhincalanus gigas CIII, CV and CVI♀. Comparisons with vertical ring-net catches, which were used for concomitant gutevacuation experiments, demonstrated the suitability of the LHPR for these fine-scale studies. Planktonic predators, with the exception of the diel migrant Themisto gaudichaudii, resided deeper than the herbivores. During the day and around midnight, when feeding rates were low, species and stages reached their maximum vertical separation. At these times, new generation copepodites of the four species lived progressively deeper and the overwintered generation (i.e., R. gigas Stages CIV, CV, CVI) were progressively shallower. During the afternoon or evening (depending on species), all stages older than CII, as well as Euphausia frigida and T. gaudichaudii, migrated upwards, to amass in the surface mixed layer. Feeding was restricted to darkness, although R. gigas commenced several hours before dusk. In detail their migration and feeding differed widely, with combinations of unimodal and apparent bimodal cycles. As a whole, the results suggest that (1) feeding could occur during sinking as well as during upward migrations, (2) upward migrations were not always associated with feeding increases, and (3) individuals appeared to descend after filling their guts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349702
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A single base mutation in the gene for type III collagen (COL3A1) converts glycine 847 to glutamic acid in a family with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV. An unaffected family member is mosaic for the mutation (1992)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 89 (1992), S. 414-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV, an inherited connective tissue disease, is usually caused by mutations in the gene for type III collagen. Here, we describe a glycine to glutamic acid substitution in a patient with this syndrome. Previous studies had shown that fibroblasts from the patient, his mother and brother secreted a reduced amount of type III collagen and also produced an overmodified form of the protein that was preferentially retained intracellularly. Peptide mapping experiments indicated that the mutation was located within cyanogen bromide peptide 9. This was supported by chemical cleavage analysis and sequencing of cDNA encoding this region. Allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridisation of genomic DNA confirmed that a G to A mutation converted Gly 847 to Glu. The mutation was present in two other affected family members and also in a third, who was clinically unaffected. Further analysis of this unaffected individual revealed reduced mutant:normal ratios in DNA obtained from both blood and hair samples, showing that she was mosaic for the mutation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194313
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 27-bp deletion from one allele of the type III collagen gene (COL3A1) in a large family with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV (1992)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 88 (1992), S. 325-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A large family with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV (EDS IV) has previously been described. Unlike most cases of EDS IV, fibroblasts from affected members secreted near normal amounts of type III collagen. We have localised the mutation in this family to the CB5 peptide of type III collagen, by using both protein and cDNA mapping techniques. Sequence analysis of cDNA revealed a 27-bp deletion within exon 37, a deletion that removed nine amino acids and maintained the Gly-X-Y repeat of the collagen helix. Further sequencing of genomic DNA confirmed its location, and amplification of DNA from family members showed that it was absent in unaffected individuals but present in all the affected individuals tested. This deletion is flanked by two short direct repeats of CTCC; it may have arisen by slipped mispairing, and has subsequently been transmitted to all affected family members.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197268
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous Recording of Bird Nesting Visits using Radioactive Tagging (1967)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 216 (1967), S. 592-593 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In this work, I used short lengths of small diameter wire, consisting of tantalum-182 sheathed in platinum. Tantalum-182 has a half-life of 115 days. The lengths are fixed to the usual aluminium bird rings with a suitable adhesive. By using rings with two strengths of radioactive label-one is ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/216592a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of Ethanol and Succinate by Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala) (1967)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 215 (1967), S. 964-965 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] M. dubius was maintained in the laboratory using cockroaches, Periplaneta americana, as the intermediate hosts, and Wistar rats as the final hosts. Adult worms 42?57 days old were recovered from the rats and washed thoroughly in Tyrode saline, before being incubated in Tyrode saline containing ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/215964b0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Closing the spin gap in the Kondo insulator Ce 3 Bi 4 Pt 3 at high magnetic fields (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 405 (2000), S. 160-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Kondo insulator materials—such as CeRhAs, CeRhSb, YbB12, Ce3Bi4Pt3 and SmB6—are 3d, 4f and 5f intermetallic compounds that have attracted considerable interest in recent years. At high temperatures, they behave like metals. But ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35012027
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic and structural study of the epitaxial realignment of polycrystalline Si films (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 638-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The epitaxial realignment of undoped and As doped polysilicon films onto crystalline silicon substrates induced by high-temperature rapid-thermal annealing has been investigated. It is shown that the realignment mode and the kinetics of the process are intimately related to the microcrystalline structure of the layers under investigation, to the morphology of the native oxide film present at the interface, and to the presence of As atoms dispersed in the deposited layers. For layers having fine grain dimensions, compared to the film thickness, the realignment takes place via the motion of the crystal-polysilicon interface towards the surface. This is observed in undoped layers and in layers which have been subjected to a high-temperature anneal before As doping. The preimplant anneal disrupts the interfacial oxide film and reduces the thermal cycle needed to complete the realignment of the polysilicon layers. In layers which have not experienced any thermal treatment before As doping, it is seen that the grain size first increases to dimensions on the order of the film thickness, and the realignment transformation then proceeds by lateral growth of epitaxial columns in a manner similar to secondary grain growth. The kinetics of both realignment modes are thermally activated and the atomic limiting processes have been tentatively identified to be As diffusion in bulk Si for As doped layers and Si self diffusion for undoped films. The effect of the microcrystalline structure on the realignment kinetics is attributed to its relationship with the driving force governing the realignment transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351348
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Realignment of As doped polycrystalline Si films by double step annealing (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 2507-2509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The realignment by rapid thermal annealing of polycrystalline silicon layers deposited onto 〈100〉 Si substrates can occur either through the planar movement of the interface towards the surface or through the lateral growth of columnar epitaxial islands. An anneal at 1075 °C for 15 s, followed by As implantation, is shown to cause planar growth even at subsequent anneal temperatures as low as 900 °C. In contrast, the direct annealing of As implanted samples induces columnar realignment. Further, the As redistribution throughout the polycrystalline layers and its diffusion in the crystalline substrate is considerably reduced in the case of the double step annealing. The different regrowth modes are related to the morphology of the interfacial oxide layer and to the microcrystalline structure of the polycrystalline layers during the initial stages of the realignment process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105935
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