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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pesticide Transport to Surface Waters within an Agricultural Catchment (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 9 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This paper presents data on the distribution of seven pesticides in an agricultural catchment which is located within the Agricultural Development and Advisory Service farm at Rosemaund, 11 km north-east of Hereford, UK. Data for aldicarb, atrazine, carbofuran, dimethoate, MCPA and isoproturon, are available for both the soil and surface waters (drain and stream water), with simazine data available only for the stream. Measurements were taken before and after pesticide application, which was made following normal agricultural practice. Soil residue data showed the degradation rates of the pesticides to be within the range of literature values. Pesticide levels in the stream and drains during runoff events following rainfall ranged from below detection limits (typically 0.02-0.1 μg/1), to 264 μg/1 (for carbofuran). Over 90% of the events had detectable maximum concentrations. The percentage of pesticide applied, which was removed during individual rainfall events, was calculated. The maximum value estimated was 1.1%, again for carbofuran. Most of the events gave values several orders of magnitude below this value.The data have been used to try to validate a range of models which could be used for screening new pesticides or for informing decisions on the use of existing pesticides. The results of the validations are summarized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1995.tb00928.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of the Fate of Selected Adsorptive Pesticides at ADAS Rosemaund (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Data are presented on four pesticides applied to agricultural land at the Agricultural Development Advisory Service, Rosemaund, in the west of England. The farm covers a well-defined and isolated water basin of cracking heavy clay loam soils drained by a single stream. Levels of the relatively particle-bound pesticides trifluralin, deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos and fenpropimorph were measured in drainage water and field soils following application. Observed concentrations in water were generally below 1 μg/l with occasional peak levels exceeding 10 μg/l during storm rainfall events. Unexpectedly high peak levels of deltamethrin of around 2 μg/l highlighted significant bypass flow mechanisms from the surface soils during the autumn. Additional bioassay experiments showed that levels of chlorpyrifos, lethal to Gammarus pulex, reached the stream during spring 1993. The Rosemaund farm has been the site of a continuing investigation into the movement of agricultural pesticides to surface waters since 1987, and this report represents the final work conducted in the autumn of 1992 and spring 1993.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1997.tb00084.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of channel catfish virus DNA in acutely infected channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), using the polymerase chain reaction (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Channel catfish virus (CCV) causes an acute haemorrhagic disease in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), fry and fingerlings. The present study describes a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay for detection of CCV DNA in the tissues of acutely infected juvenile catfish. The assay is rapid, sensitive and specifically detects CCV DNA derived from epidemiologically distinct viral isolates. The use of two independent PCR primers sets, each specific for particular CCV genes (open reading frames 8 and 59), provides a means to confirm the results and minimize false-positive results. The method identifies CCV DNA in several tissues of acutely infected fish, including the brain, blood, intestine, kidney and liver. The CCV PCR assay is useful for the diagnosis of acute CCV disease and for studies to investigate the molecular basis of CCV pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1999.00155.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting yield loss due to interference from two weed species using early observations of relative weed leaf area (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 37 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Experiments were conducted on linseed (Linum usiãissimum L.) and autumn-sown field bean (Vicia faha L.) to test how well the relative leaf area-based yield loss prediction model of Kropff & Spitters could estimate yield loss due to interference from Stellaria media L. (common chick-weed) or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) alone or a combination of both S. media and barley. Damage coefficients were calculated for all comparisons. Generally, the model provided a better estimate of yield loss due to interference from barley than from S. media because of both the variability in crop yield response stemming from S. media's plasticity and the generally minor crop yield response to S. media interference. The addition to the model of a parameter accounting for asymptotic yield loss was, generally, not warranted for either S. media or barley in the single-weed species data sets. When both S. media and barley were present as weed species in the crop, the model that fitted the data best for six out of 10 data sets was the one in which a separate damage coefficient was included for both species. There was no evidence that the presence of S. media influenced damage coefficient values for barley. However, in the presence of barley a parameter accounting for asymptotic yield loss was warranted for S. media in the two-weed species model. The combination of the addition of this parameter and the presence or barley affected the values of the damage coefficients for S. media in the two-weed species compared with the single-weed species models. Consequently, it was shown for these two weed species that two-weed species yield loss prediction models parameterized using data from single-weed species experiments generally resulted in different estimates of yield loss in comparison with models parameterized using data from two-weed species experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3180.1997.d01-52.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Breathing life into inorganic chemistry (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature structural biology 2 (1995), S. 14-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1072-8368
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry Stephen J.Lippard and Jeremy M.Berg University Science Books, Mill Valley, California, USA (distributed in Europe, the Middle East and Africa by W.H. Freeman and Co. Inc., 20 Beaumont Street, Oxford, U.K.); 1994, 411 pages; £24.99; $40.00 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsb0195-14
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purpose of proton pathways (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 376 (1995), S. 643-643 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] STEP by step, the features of energy capture and its transduction are being revealed. For the respiratory chain in bacterial membranes, this quest has culminated in the announcement by Michel and colleagues on page 660 of this issue1 of the structure of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase, the last ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/376643a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the existence of positive solutions for semilinear elliptic equations with Neumann boundary conditions (1995)
    Springer
    Probability theory and related fields 101 (1995), S. 251-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2064
    Keywords: 35J65 ; 60J65 ; 53C21
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary We give sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions to some semilinear elliptic equations in unbounded Lipschitz domainsD ⊂ ℝ d (d≥3), having compact boundary, with nonlinear Neumann boundary conditions on the boundary ofD. For this we use an implicit probabilistic representation, Schauder's fixed point theorem, and a recently proved Sobolev inequality forW 1,2(D). Special cases include equations arising from the study of pattern formation in various models in mathematical biology and from problems in geometry concerning the conformal deformation of metrics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01375828
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The natural selection of the chemical elements (1997)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 53 (1997), S. 816-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Elements; environment; evolution; natural selection; prokaryotes; eukaryotes; multicellular organisms.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Evolution is treated here in a novel way. DNA or any other code is considered to be conservative and therefore, once life began, it would prevent change. Change was imposed upon the DNA code as a stress resulting in vulnerability to 'advantageous' DNA damage and mutation. In this respect it is the stress, the changing environment, that opened up a possibility of evolution once an early life form had optimised itself in primitive circumstances. Here I examine the initial slow-coming-to-terms with the environment of primitive life, and then its evolution as the environment forced the DNA into novel development by introducing chemical elements in new forms. The situation today is no different. Environmental change is hostile to present day life and will lead to further evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000180050102
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wide intermediate scale structures in mass-loaded flows (1996)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 235 (1996), S. 165-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We showed in earlier work that a clump embedded in tenuous plasma, which is flowing subsonically relative to the clump, will develop a long thin tail whether the gas in the tail behaves adiabatically or isothermally. This paper presents a criterion for determining if viscous dissipation in a tail with result in heating that will cause such a tail to be wide. We argue that the observed properties of the tails in NGC 7293 imply that a very strong effective viscous couple exists across each of them. Assuming a strong couple, we calculate the viscous energy dissipation rate per unit volume and derive an upper bound on the number density in a tail in which viscous heating raises the temperature significantly and thus causes broadening. The densities in observed broad tails in Abell 30 exceed this upper bound, and we suggest that the broadening of those tails is due to a phase transition in the tail gas, caused by photo-absorption heating. We comment on the relationship of intermediate-scale structures in clumpy media to the issue of whether or not a global tenous flow can be considered to be mass-loaded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00643600
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Line forming regions in active galaxies and their nuclei (1996)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 237 (1996), S. 187-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The spectra of active galaxies and their nuclei are rich in emission and absorption line features. A major aim of present research is the development of self-consistent hydrodynamic models for the production of the line-forming regions. We here review such modelling and stress the central role played by shock phenomena induced by winds and explosions on scales ranging from the circumstellar to the intergalactic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02424432
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