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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of Na+/K+-ATPase β-subunit cRNA injected into Xenopus oocytes is affected by coinjection with α-subunit cRNA (1995)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 148 (1995), S. 51-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Na+/K+ ; ATPase ; cDNA expression ; Subunit assembly ; Xenopus oocyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The cRNA for Torpedo californica Na+/K+-ATPase β-subunit (cRNAβ) was injected into Xenopus oocytes alone or with the cRNA for the Na+/K+-ATPase α-subunit (cRNAα). When cRNAβ was injected alone, the amount of the β-subunit that accumulated in oocytes increased with increasing amounts of injected cRNAβ. When cRNAβ and cRNAα were injected simultaneously, less β-subunit accumulated than when cRNAβ was injected alone, whereas the Na+/K+-ATPase activity increased markedly. The decrease in the accumulation of the β-subunit was dose-dependent upon the cRNAα. The mutant β-subunit unable to assemble with the α-subunit accumulated in oocytes independently of cRNAα, suggesting that post-translational control mechanisms may serve to reduce the accumulation of the β-subunit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234155
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impedance magnetic resonance imaging: A method for imaging of impedance distributions based on magnetic resonance imaging : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 6450-6452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have become important tools in medicine and biology. Conventional MRI, however, produces no information about the electrical properties of the body. This article proposes a new and noninvasive method for imaging electrical properties such as conductivity and impedance based on MRI techniques. The basic idea is to use the shielding effects of induced eddy currents in the body on spin precession. Two types of methods are introduced; (i) a large flip angle method, and (ii) a third coil method. The large flip angle method enhances the shielding effects of conducting tissues at the given Larmor frequency. The third coil method detects the shielding effects of conducting tissues at an arbitrary frequency. Both phantom and animal experiments have been carried out to verify this concept using a MRI system of 7.05 T with a bore size of 183 mm in diameter. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367599
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of clottability of fibrin polymers using magnetic orientation : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4708-4710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fibrin polymers, as a kind of diamagnetic material, are oriented parallel to the direction of magnetic fields. We investigated the polymerization of partially digested fibrinogens in an 8 T magnetic field in order to observe the clotting ability of various sizes of fibrinogen fractions using a magnetic orientation technique. We purified high-molecular weight fraction (F1) and low-molecular weight fraction from human fibrinogen (F2). Fibrin gels were formed in an 8 T magnetic field for 9 h, and transmittancies were measured to evaluate the degree of magnetic orientation. The results show that a lack at the C-terminal half of one Aα chain did not affect the magnetic orientation of fibrin. We also investigated the effect of the digestion of fibrinogen by plasmin on the magnetic orientation of fibrin. The result shows that partially digested fibrin molecules also orient in an 8 T magnetic field. However, the degree of magnetic orientation significantly decreases when fragment X and fragment Y appear. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361647
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalytic activity of catalase under strong magnetic fields of up to 8 T : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4705-4707 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The question of whether or not magnetic fields affect enzymatic activity is of considerable interest in biomagnetics and biochemistry. This study focuses on whether magnetically related enzymatic activities can be affected by magnetic fields. We examined the effect of magnetic fields of up to 8 T on catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We observed changes in absorbance of reaction mixture of hydrogen peroxide and catalase at 240 nm, during and after magnetic field exposures. When the reaction mixture was not treated with nitrogen-gas bubbling, it was observed that the initial reaction rate of the reaction which was exposed to magnetic fields of up to 8 T was 50%–85% lower than the control data. This magnetic field effect was not observed, however, when the reaction mixture was bubbled with nitrogen gas to remove the dissolved oxygen molecules which were produced in the solution. We also measured concentration of dissolved oxygen which was produced by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction mixture which was exposed to magnetic fields increased 20%–25% compared to the control solution. The results of the present study indicate that magnetic fields affect dynamic movement of oxygen bubbles which are produced in the reaction mixture by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, but not the catalytic activity of catalase itself. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361646
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioluminescence under static magnetic fields : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 6456-6458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the present study, the effect of magnetic fields on the emission of light by a living system was studied. The fireflies Hotaria parvula and Luciola cruciata were used as the bioluminescence systems. The firefly light organ was fixed at the edge of an optical fiber. The emitted light was introduced into a single-channel photon-counting system using an optical fiber. We measured both the spectrum of a constant light emission and, the time course of bioluminescence pulses. Two horizontal-type superconducting magnets, which produced 8 and 14 T magnetic fields at their center, were used as the magnetic-field generators. We also carried out an in vitro study of bioluminescence. The enzymatic activity of luciferase was measured under a 14 T magnetic field. We measured emission spectra of bioluminescence over the interval 500–600 nm at 25 °C in a stable emission state. It was observed that the peak wavelength around 550 nm shifted to 560 nm under a 14 T magnetic field. However, the effects of magnetic fields were not significant. Also, we measured the time course of emissions at 550 nm in a transient emission state. The rate in the light intensity under a 14 T magnetic field increased compared to the control. There is a possibility that the change in the emission intensities under a magnetic field is related to a change in the biochemical systems of the firefly, such as the enzymatic process of luciferase and the excited singlet state with subsequent light emission. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367736
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of water molecules under 14 T magnetic field : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 6459-6461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this study, we investigated the effects of strong magnetic fields of up to 14 T on the near-infrared spectrum of water molecules. We used a near-infrared spectrophotometer, which has an external optical cell box in a 14 T superconducting magnet. We measured the near-infrared spectrum of water in the range of 900–2000 nm by changing the optical path lengths from 0.1 to 100 mm. The peak wavelengths in the near-infrared spectrum in the range of 900–2000 nm of water, increased in length by 1–3 nm under a 14 T magnetic field. Also, we measured a near-infrared spectrum of glucose solutions under a magnetic field at 14 T to investigate the hydration of sugar. In contrast to the case of water, the peak wavelength of glucose solutions showed blueshift under a 14 T magnetic field. When the magnetic fields were changed from 0 to 14 T, the differential optical absorbance of the glucose solution at 958 nm increased compared to the controls. There is a possibility that the 14 T magnetic field affects the formation of hydrogen bonds of water molecules and the hydration of glucose molecules. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367737
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization and dissolution of fibrin under homogeneous magnetic fields : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 6453-6455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We investigated whether or not a mutually compensating state of coagulation and fibrinolysis is changed by homogeneous magnetic fields. We used a superconducting magnet which produced magnetic fields of up to 14 T at its center. Fibrin polymerization over time, and the subsequent dissolution of the fibrin fiber network, were observed by measuring the optical absorbance of the mixture at 350 nm. A spectrophotometer with an external optical cell box in a superconducting magnet was used. We observed that the optical absorbance of the mixture at 350 nm increased during the fibrin-polymerization process, and decreased during the fibrinolytic processes. The optical absorbance was stable in the transient state between fibrin-polymerization and fibrinolytic processes. A magnetic field of 14 T increased the rate of the polymerization process by 55%–70% compared to the control group. On the other hand, the rate of the fibrinolytic process under a magnetic field at 14 T, increased by 27%–140% compared to the control. The results indicate that the magnetic orientation of fibrin fibers accelerated both the polymerization and the dissolution of fibrin fibers. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367735
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of biomagnetic fields using a high-resolution dc superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 6465-6467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have developed a multichannel high-resolution superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer for measuring biomagnetic fields produced by small animals. We measured the magnetocardiogram produced by a rat. Topographies of the P wave, QRS wave, and T wave of the rat magnetocardiogram were obtained. We also measured the magnetoretinogram, visually evoked magnetic fields, and auditory evoked magnetic fields of the rat. The signals of the magnetoretinogram appeared at 60 ms latency and the field intensities were about 0.6 pT. It was not possible to obtain the clear visually evoked fields because those signals were hidden behind the magnetoretinogram. It was possible to obtain auditory evoked magnetic fields of the rat. The significant differences of the wave forms were observed in both sides of the right ear, which are separated by 15 mm. Our system has adequate spatial resolution for measurement of the magnetocardiogram and auditory evoked magnetic fields produced by small animals. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367739
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benzophenone Crown Ether Acetals with 14- and 17-Membered Rings (1998)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 1049-1052 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S010827019800170X
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Planar Chirality in 2,2-Diphenyl-1,3,6,9-tetraoxacycloundecane (1997)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 759-761 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270197000905
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