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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral covariance and fuzzy regions for image indexing (1997)
    Springer
    Machine vision and applications 10 (1997), S. 66-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1769
    Keywords: Key words: Color indexing – Color distribution features – Fuzzy sets – Performance evaluation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract. To improve the discrimination power of color-indexing techniques, we encode a minimal amount of spatial information in the index. We tesselate each image with five partially overlapping, fuzzy regions. In the index, for each region in an image, we store its average color and the covariance matrix of the color distribution. A similiarity function of these color features is used to match query images with images in the database. In addition, we propose two measures to evaluate the performance of image-indexing techniques. We present experimental results using an image database which contains more than 11,600 color images.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001380050060
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3-D Turbulent density field diagnostics by tomographic Moiré technique (1997)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 23 (1997), S. 76-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  A novel whole-field optical method for mapping three-dimensional intensity of a turbulent density field is described. The method is based on the measurement of the local contrast degradation of Moiré fringes due to turbulence. For mapping the three-dimensional turbulence the tomographic technique was applied. The method was demonstrated by measuring the structure function constant of a hot, turbulent density jet. The results clearly show the high turbulent regions in the mixing shear layer at the jet edges and in the jet center, which corresponds to the wake behind the heating element of the jet generator. The optical setup is simple and can be automated. The method fits the tomographic technique and a high number of data values can be obtained from one record.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050088
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual hologram technique with enhanced sensitivity for measurements of weak phase objects (1997)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 22 (1997), S. 354-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Conventional interferometric measurements of weak phase objects run into serious accuracy problems due to low sensitivity and/or optical aberrations. This paper describes an optical method, based on the dual hologram technique, with enhanced sensitivity and with compensating for the optical aberrations. It provides a reliable acquisition of the phase information from wide range of weak phase objects including high speed flow fields. The method was demonstrated by mapping the density field of a small size axisymmetric supersonic jet as a representative weak phase object.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050060
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drug-induced chest pain and myocardial infarction. Reports to a national centre and review of the literature (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 53 (1997), S. 105-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Myocardial infarction ; Drug induced ; Angina pectoris
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: To analyse reports of drug-induced myocardial infarction and chest pain sent to a national reporting centre. To review which drugs were suspected of exhibiting these adverse events and what mechanisms were involved. Methods: During the 20-year period 1975 through 1994, a total of 19 141 reports on adverse reactions to drugs were received by the Netherlands Centre for Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Drugs. Of these 19 141 reports, 220 (1.1%) were concerned with drug-induced chest pain or myocardial infarction. After excluding reports in which the causal relationship was unlikely, poorly documented reports and reports on cases of overdosage, 183 reports (84%) were analysed. Results: There were 130 reports (71%) of drug-induced chest pain and 53 reports (29%) of drug-induced myocardial infarction. A total of 104 reports concerned females (57%). The most frequently reported suspected drugs were the antimigraine drug sumatriptan (33 reports, 4 concerning myocardial infarction), the calcium antagonist nifedipin (9 reports, 2 of myocardial infarction) and nicotine [9 reports (8 patches, 1 chewing gum), 5 concerning myocardial infarction]. There were 18 reports of a fatal outcome. Conclusions: Several drugs can produce chest pain or myocardial ischaemia. It is important to recognise drugs as a potential cause, especially in patients with normal coronary arteries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050346
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cough due to ace inhibitors: a case-control study using automated general practice data (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 439-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words ACE inhibitors; cough ; epidemiological study ; general practice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objectives: To determine the risk of coughing as an adverse reaction to ACE inhibitors under everyday circumstances in a large population, and to study whether this adverse effect was duration or dose dependent. Design: A population-based case-control study. Setting: Ten general practices of 14 Dutch general practitioners (GP), in which all consultations, morbidity and medical interventions, including drugs prescribed, were registered over the 18 month period from 1st September, 1992 to 1st March, 1994. Subjects: 1458 patients with incident coughing and up to four controls per case were obtained (total 4182 controls), matched for GP. All cases and controls were 20 years or older and had no record of respiratory infection, influenza, tuberculosis, asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, congestive heart failure, sinusitis, laryngitis, haemoptysis or respiratory neoplasms during the study period. Results: Cases were 2.1-times more likely than controls to have been exposed to ACE inhibitors (95% CI 1.5–3.1), but after adjustment the odds ratio was 1.4 (95% CI 0.9–2.1). The crude odds ratio for captopril was 1.3 (95% CI 0.7–2.5), for enalapril 2.6 (95% CI 1.6–4.2) and for lisinopril 2.0 (95% CI 0.5–9.3). The adjusted odds ratio for captopril was 0.9 (95% CI 0.4–1.7), for enalapril 1.7 (95% CI 1.03–2.8) and for lisinopril 1.7 (95% CI 0.4–7.9). For patients who had been on ACE inhibitor treatment for no longer than 2 months the odds ratio was 4.8 (95% CI 1.7–13.3). The odds ratio declined to 2.0 (95% CI 1.1–3.8) for those who had taken an ACE inhibitor for 2–6 months, and to 1.6 (95% CI 0.9–2.7) for those on ACE-inhibitors for more than 6 months. Conclusion: The risk of coughing was increased twofold among ACE inhibitor users, but the odds ratios were no longer significant after controlling for several confounding factors. The risk of developing cough due to ACE-inhibitors declines with the duration of treatment, possibly due to depletion of susceptible persons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050047
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuro-psychiatric effects of antimalarials (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 52 (1997), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Cohort study ; Mefloquine ; Proguanil ; Psychic adverse effects ; Antimalarial drugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To study the neuro-psychiatric adverse effects of antimalarial drugs. Setting: Persons who visited a Travel Clinic in Rotterdam over a period of 3 months. Design: Prospective cohort study on 394 persons taking mefloquine, 493 persons taking proguanil and 340 persons not taking antimalarial drugs who visited Africa, South America, Asia, or the Middle East. Methods: All persons received a structured questionnaire within 14 days of their return to the Netherlands. The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding use of alcohol, smoking, general health, medical history, tropical diseases during the trip, and other medicines, and contained an extensive list of general complaints regarding all body systems at four levels of severity. A modified and validated version of the Profile of Mood States was included. Results: In the study period, 2541 persons visited the Travel Clinic, of whom 1791 (70%) were both eligible and willing to co-operate. Of these 1791, data were obtained from 1501 (84%). Insomnia was most frequently encountered in users of mefloquine and mouth ulcers in proguanil users. After adjustment for gender, age, destination, and alcohol use, the relative risk for insomnia to mefloquine versus non-users of antimalarials was 1.6, and the excess risk was 6 per 100 users over an average period of 2 months. There were no significant differences between groups in depression, anxiety, agitation, and confusion. Stratification by gender demonstrated that insomnia was more common in women on mefloquine, but not in men. Also, women more frequently mentioned palpitations as an adverse event. After adjustment for age, destination, and alcohol use in women, the relative risks for insomnia and palpitations to mefloquine versus non-use of antimalarials were 2.4, and 22.5, respectively. When travellers were specifically asked for the adverse reactions they had experienced, anxiety, vertigo, agitation, and nightmares were significantly more frequently mentioned by mefloquine users. Conclusion: Insomnia was more commonly encountered during use of mefloquine than proguanil or during non-use of antimalarials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050240
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pattern of sumatriptan use and overuse in general practice (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 50 (1996), S. 353-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Sumatriptan ; Postmarketing surveillance ; Migraine; overuse ; pharmacoepidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To investigate the frequency of use and misuse of sumatriptan, and to explore the characteristics of patients reporting overuse. Setting: A postmarketing cohort study on adverse reactions to sumatriptan, performed with the assistance of drug-dispensing general practitioners in the Netherlands. Methods: Questionnaires were sent to patients on sumatriptan of drug-dispensing general practitioners in the Netherlands. Use of sumatriptan was classified into five groups: 〈 1, 1–10, 11–20 and 21–30 times per month and a group of patients who reported daily use of sumatriptan more than 10 times per week. Patients in the latter group were regarded as “overusers”. Results: The request to the 1720 patients yielded a response rate of 1202 (70%). Of 952 (79%) of these patients, details of their sumatriptan intake were available. Most patients (718, 75%) took sumatriptan 1–10 times each month. However, 36 patients (4%, 95% CI 2.8–5.2%) took sumatriptan daily or more than 10 times each week. The group with the highest intake consisted mainly of males, and many patients who reported a poor efficacy of sumatriptan. Age was not related to use of sumatriptan. Conclusions: A small group of patients (4%) used sumatriptan too often. A high intake was associated with both male gender and a reported poor efficacy of sumatriptan, but not with age, reported adverse reactions, or headache attributed to sumatriptan. It is important to explain to patients that sumatriptan is only for the treatment of acute attacks, and not for prophylactic use. Drug consumption patterns have to be evaluated, in particular in patients who report low efficacy of sumatriptan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050122
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cough due to ace inhibitors: a case-control study using automated general practice data (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 439-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ACE inhibitors ; cough ; epidemiological study ; general practice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: To determine the risk of coughing as an adverse reaction to ACE inhibitors under everyday circumstances in a large population, and to study whether this adverse effect was duration or dose dependent. Design: A population-based case-control study. Setting: Ten general practices of 14 Dutch general practitioners (GP), in which all consultations, morbidity and medical interventions, including drugs prescribed, were registered over the 18 month period from 1st September, 1992 to 1st March, 1994. Subjects: 1458 patients with incident coughing and up to four controls per case were obtained (total 4182 controls), matched for GP. All cases and controls were 20 years or older and had no record of respiratory infection, influenza, tuberculosis, asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, congestive heart failure, sinusitis, laryngitis, haemoptysis or respiratory neoplasms during the study period. Results: Cases were 2.1-times more likely than controls to have been exposed to ACE inhibitors (95% CI 1.5–3.1), but after adjustment the odds ratio was 1.4 (95% CI 0.9–2.1). The crude odds ratio for captopril was 1.3 (95% CI 0.7–2.5), for enalapril 2.6 (95% CI 1.6–4.2) and for lisinopril 2.0 (95% CI 0.5–9.3). The adjusted odds ratio for captopril was 0.9 (95% CI 0.4–1.7), for enalapril 1.7 (95% CI 1.03–2.8) and for lisinopril 1.7 (95% CI 0.4–7.9). For patients who had been on ACE inhibitor treatment for no longer than 2 months the odds ratio was 4.8 (95% CI 1.7–13.3). The odds ratio declined to 2.0 (95% CI 1.1–3.8) for those who had taken an ACE inhibitor for 2–6 months, and to 1.6 (95% CI 0.9–2.7) for those on ACE-inhibitors for more than 6 months. Conclusion: The risk of coughing was increased twofold among ACE inhibitor users, but the odds ratios were no longer significant after controlling for several confounding factors. The risk of developing cough due to ACE-inhibitors declines with the duration of treatment, possibly due to depletion of susceptible persons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195928
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing Leadership Potential with a Biographical Measure of Personality Traits (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 6 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of biographical inventories free of the limitations common to many current biographical measures by constructing and validating an inventory composed of homogeneous scales, with item content that is factual and fair, to assess personality traits predictive of leadership. The experimental inventory, with tentative scales for Dominance, Emotional Stability, Need for Achievement, Self-Confidence, and Sociability, was administered to incoming midshipmen at the US Naval Academy and item analyzed. The validity of the final scales was appraised against subsequent peer ratings of the traits and of leadership shortly after entering the Academy; military performance grades, and midshipman rank and leadership position at the Academy; and recommendations for promotion after graduating and serving as an officer. The Sociability, Dominance, and Need for Achievement scales demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity, and all of the scales except Self-Confidence correlated with the leadership criteria. The Sociability scale’s consistent correlations with several of the leadership criteria, including a nontrivial correlation (r = 0.28) with the leadership peer rating, implies that this measure may be useful in assessing leadership potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2389.00087
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weighted norm inequalities and hedging in incomplete markets (1997)
    Springer
    Finance and stochastics 1 (1997), S. 181-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1122
    Keywords: Key words: Semimartingales, stochastic integrals, reverse Hölder inequalities, BMO space, weighted norm inequalities, Föllmer-Schweizer decomposition JEL classification:G10, G13 Mathematics Subject Classification (1991): 60G48, 60H05, 90A09
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Let $X$ be an ${\Bbb R}^d$ -valued special semimartingale on a probability space $(\Omega , {\cal F} , ({\cal F} _t)_{0 \leq t \leq T} ,P)$ with canonical decomposition $X=X_0+M+A$ . Denote by $G_T(\Theta )$ the space of all random variables $(\theta \cdot X)_T$ , where $\theta $ is a predictable $X$ -integrable process such that the stochastic integral $\theta \cdot X$ is in the space ${\cal S} ^2$ of semimartingales. We investigate under which conditions on the semimartingale $X$ the space $G_T(\Theta )$ is closed in ${\cal L} ^2(\Omega , {\cal F} ,P)$ , a question which arises naturally in the applications to financial mathematics. Our main results give necessary and/or sufficient conditions for the closedness of $G_T(\Theta )$ in ${\cal L} ^2(P)$ . Most of these conditions deal with BMO-martingales and reverse Hölder inequalities which are equivalent to weighted norm inequalities. By means of these last inequalities, we also extend previous results on the Föllmer-Schweizer decomposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007800050021
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