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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic structure of a scleractinian coral, Mycedium elephantotus, in Taiwan (1999)
    Springer
    Marine biology 133 (1999), S. 21-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genetic structure of Mycedium elephantotus (Pallas, 1766) populations from three regions around Taiwan was examined using allozyme electrophoresis. Eight loci were scored from seven enzyme systems. Seven loci were polymorphic under the 95% criterion. The high ratio of observed to expected genotypic diversities at the collection sites (G O:G E=0.8 to 1.0) indicate that M. elephantotus propagates predominantly by sexual reproduction. Allele frequencies of M. elephantotus differed significantly among regions (D=0.024 to 0.256, F ST=0.032 to 0.218, p 〈 0.001), while populations among collection sites within each region were homogeneous (D=0.000 to 0.015, F ST=0.010 to 0.022, p 〉 0.05). Genetic differentiation between populations from southern Taiwan and the Penghu Islands is greater than that between southern and northern Taiwan populations, although the former two regions are much closer geographically. The UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei's unbiased genetic distance showed a clear subdivision of populations into two groupings, northern Taiwan/Penghu Islands and southern Taiwan. A higher level of gene flow was found between M. elephantotus populations in northern Taiwan and the Penghu Islands (N m=7.56) than that between populations in southern Taiwan and other regions (N m=0.90 to 1.72). The pattern of genetic subdivision among regions is consistent with the pattern of ocean currents, indicating that genetic differentiation is likely driven by surface circulation vicariance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050438
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variability of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) related to latitude (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ecology of freshwater fish 6 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract— Isozyme genotypes of 400 glass eels recruiting to 4 localities along the east Asian coast, stretching from Taiwan to the Yalu River of northeastern China, were studied using starch gel electrophoresis. Geographic cline was found to exist in two loci: NADP-isocitrate dehygenase-1 and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Frequencies of the most common allele of these two loci increased from south to north. In the latitudinal range of 25°N to 40°N, the magnitude of difference of IDH100 and PGD100 was 13% and 9% respectively. However, deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found to be insignificant in both loci at three of the four localities. The cline was, therefore, unlikely to have resulted from selection. Migration time-lag from different parts of the continent to the spawning ground in the western Pacific was suggested to be a possible reason for the formation of the cline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.1997.tb00141.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoluminescence study of highly mismatched In0.53Ga0.47As epilayers grown on InP-coated GaAs substrates (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1040-1042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Photoluminescence measurement is used to study the properties of In0.53Ga0.47As epilayers grown on InP-coated GaAs substrates. Several structures are designed to test the qualities of the epilayers. It is shown that device-quality In0.53Ga0.47As on a GaAs substrate can be achieved. The effects of hydrogenation using a photochemical-vapor-deposition system are studied, and an enhancement of the band-edge luminescence intensity by a factor of 4 is observed. The resulting intensity even exceeds that of the film grown directly on a lattice-matched InP substrate. In addition, the emission coming from lattice defects is greatly reduced after hydrogenation. These results not only further support the potential application of using binary buffer layer concepts in large lattice-mismatched systems, but also demonstrate that the photochemical-vapor-deposition system is a useful tool for injecting hydrogen into InGaAs epilayers. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358962
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic relationships of four Taiwan mullets (Pisces: Perciformes: Mugilidae) (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 46 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Electrophoretic data for 19 presumptive gene loci separated Mugil cephalus from Liza spp. with Nei's genetic distance of 0.863, and from Valamugil formosae with 0.703, and from both Liza and Valamugil with 0.783. Within the genus Liza, Nei's genetic distance was only 0.237 between L. affinis and L. macrolepis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb05955.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of Anguilla japonica and A. mavmovata elvers by allozyme electrophoresis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 51 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In Taiwanese waters, the morphologically similar elvers ofAnguilla japonica and A. marmorata can be distinguished easily at the following loci examined: CK-D*, LDH-B*,sMDH-A* and sMDH-B*. Among these, CK-D* and LDH-B* have fixed allelic differences which can be used as a synoptic key for easy discrimination of the elvers of these two species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb02526.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indoor Air Quality Investigations at Five Classrooms (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Indoor air 9 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0668
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five classrooms, air-conditioned or naturally ventilated, at five different schools were chosen for comparison of indoor and outdoor air quality. Temperature, relative humidity (RH), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with diameter less than 10 mm (PM10), formaldehyde (HCHO), and total bacteria counts were monitored at indoor and outdoor locations simultaneously. Respirable particulate matter was found to be the worst among parameters measured in this study. The indoor and outdoor average PM10 concentrations exceeded the Hong Kong standards, and the maximum indoor PM10 level was even at 472 μ;g/m3. Air cleaners could be used in classrooms to reduce the high PM10 concentration. Indoor CO2 concentrations often exceeded 1,000 μl/l indicating inadequate ventilation. Lowering the occupancy and increasing breaks between classes could alleviate the high CO2 concentrations. Though the maximum indoor CO2 level reached 5,900 μl/l during class at one of the sites, CO2 concentrations were still at levels that pose no health threats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.1999.t01-2-00008.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance and non-recurrent rotationally ordered configuration in Frenkel-Kontorova models (1999)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 10 (1999), S. 563-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 64.70.Rh Commensurate-incommensurate transition[:AND:] 05.45-a Nonlinear dynamics and nonlinear dynamical systems - 61.44.Fw Incommensurate crystals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: We demonstrate, with a class of exactly solvable Frenkel-Kontorova models, the emergence of the non-recurrent rotationally ordered configurations whenever certain resonance conditions are satisfied among the openings in the hull function in both the commensurate and the incommensurate cases. If one insists on depicting them with hull functions, suitably defined extended numbers must be employed. The defect-mediated transition in the incommensurate case is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050887
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reducing mission operations costs through spacecraft autonomy: the near earth asteroid rendezvous (near) experience (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of reducing space mission cost 1 (1998), S. 87-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9621
    Keywords: Autonomous momentum management ; autonomous optical navigation ; ground vs. on-board functional allocation ; NEAR ; Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous ; on-board software reducing mission operations cost ; spacecraft autonomy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract With a maximum time of 12 days out of ground contact and a round-trip light time as high as 56 minutes, The Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) spacecraft requires a moderate degree of onboard autonomy to react to faults and safe the spacecraft. Beyond the basic safing requirements, additional functions are carried out onboard. For example, on-board calculation of the Sun, Earth, asteroid, and spacecraft positions allow the spacecraft to autonomously orient itself for science and downlink operations. On-board autonomous momentum management during cruise relieves Mission Operations from planning, scheduling, and carrying out many manual momentum dumps. During development, additional operations, such as center-of-mass management during propulsive maneuvers and optical navigation were also considered for onboard autonomy on the NEAR spacecraft, but were not selected. The allocation of functions to onboard software or to ground operations involved tradeoffs such as development time for onboard software versus ground software, resource management, life cycle costs, and spacecraft safety. After two years of cruise operations, considerable experience with the NEAR autonomy system has accrued. The utility of some autonomous capabilities is greater than expected, others less so. Software uploads increased spacecraft autonomy in some cases, and the impact on Mission Operations can be assessed. Allocation of functions between spacecraft autonomy and ground operation during development of future missions can be improved by applying the lessons learned from the NEAR experience.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009956714468
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Utilization of multiple phage display libraries for the identification of dissimilar peptide motifs that bind to a B7-1 monoclonal antibody (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular diversity 1 (1996), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-501X
    Keywords: Phage display ; Random peptide library ; Human B7-1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Seven random peptide libraries (two displaying linear peptides and five displaying cysteine-constrained peptides) were constructed as gene III fusion proteins of the bacteriophage fd-tet. These libraries were used to screen a blocking monoclonal antibody raised against B7-1 (CD80), a human cell surface antigen that binds two T cell receptors, CD28 and CTLA-4. After three rounds of screening against the immobilized antibody, 1000-fold enrichment was observed in libraries displaying both linear and cysteineconstrained peptides. DNA sequencing of the enriched phage revealed two distinct consensus sequences: HXG(A/Y)XH and DVCXXGGPGC. Phage expressing these consensus sequences bound to L307.4 but not to an isotype matched antibody, indicating that binding was antibody specific. Synthetic peptides corresponding to both motifs inhibited phage binding to L307.4, indicating that the gene III protein is not required for peptide binding. In addition, the cyclized forms of synthetic peptides containing the DVCXXGGPGC motif were capable of inhibiting L307.4 binding to soluble B7-1/Fc fusion. Moreover, phage expressing only the HXG(A/Y)XH consensus sequence were inhibited from binding to L307.4 by the presence of chelating agents. These results indicate that the framework within which the peptide is presented on the surface of the phage may allow the identification of unique peptide motifs with distinct binding characteristics. These peptide motifs could be used for the design of peptidomimetics with therapeutic applications if they inhibit the binding of B7-1 to its T cell receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721322
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of baseline atmospheric plutonium-239, 240 and americium-241 in the vicinity of the waste isolation pilot plant (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 234 (1998), S. 267-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of aerosol239, 240Pu and241Am activity concentrations have been made in the vicinity of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). Samples for total suspended particulate matter (TSP) and particulate matter less than or equal to 10±2 μm aerodynamic diameter (PM10) collected on 20×25-cm2 glass fiber filters at a site approximately 1 km from the WIPP exhaust shaft. Samples for both TSP and PM10 were collected concurrently at 5 m above ground level. Other concurrent PM10 samples were also collected at 2 m above ground level. At the 5-m level, approximately 50% of the mass and the239,240Pu and241Am activities in the TSP are contained in the PM10 fraction. Comparison of the PM10 data from 2-and 5-m levels indicates that239,240Pu activity concentrations at the 2-m elevation are approximately 50% higher than the activity concentrations at the 5-m elevation. The overall average of the activity ratio between241Am and239,240Pu is 0.40±0.02 which is in good agreement with other published values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02389783
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