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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 127 (1997), S. 291-304 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Braid microperthitic alkali feldspars in the Klokken, South Greenland and Coldwell, Ontario syenite intrusions have bulk-compositional variations along grain boundaries called pleated rims. These, together with vein microperthites in aplites which cross-cut the syenites, have been investigated by SEM and TEM. We distinguish two main types of pleated rims, “arched ” and “parallel-sided ”, consisting of alternating Ab- and Or-rich areas on (001), which are 0.5–300 μm in length normal to (010) and 0.2–20 μm in width along (010). The smallest pleats, which occur on intracrystalline boundaries in Klokken feldspars, are fully coherent and composed of low albite and low microcline. Above the heads of some of the coarser pleats, braid microperthite grades into a film crypto- and micro-perthite and antiperthite microtexture called a “transitional zone” containing roughly planar lamellae of low albite and tweed orthoclase. During pleat development, local alternating volumes form in which the proportions of the phases differ ( phase separation) and the morphology of the intergrowths changes from braided to straight in response to this change in local bulk composition. Straightening is also accompanied by transformation of low microcline to tweed orthoclase. The coarsest pleats, which occur along grain boundaries in feldspars from the Coldwell syenite, are semi- or in-coherent and have a thick coherent and semicoherent transitional zone. Coarsening of pleats and development of the transitional zone has been facilitated by diffusion of “water” into grain interiors. In many cases, pleated rims have suffered deuteric alteration, by dissolution–reprecipitation processes, through the action of a water-rich fluid from the grain boundary, in which tweed orthoclase was transformed into irregular microcline and micropores developed. Vein microperthites in aplites from Klokken, and by extension the vein microperthites almost universal in most alkali granites, are interpreted to have formed by propagation of pleat heads across entire crystals during pervasive interaction with water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 127 (1997), S. 305-313 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Microperthitic feldspar crystals containing low microcline in a braid intergrowth often have distinctive microtextures including coarse semi- to in-coherent grain-boundary pleated rims and fine coherent intracrystalline Ab- and Or-rich pleats (Lee et al. 1997). The coarser pleated rims are generally separated from the braid microtexture in the crystal interior by a coherent to semi-coherent transitional zone. Partial phase separation has occurred in the transitional zone in step with that in the Ab- and Or-rich pleats at the grain boundaries, such that Ab-rich lamellar film micro-antiperthite alternates along (010) with more Or-rich lamellar film microperthite; the microtextures and phases are those expected for the respective local bulk compositions. Lamellar microtextures contain tweed orthoclase, whereas low microcline is the only K-feldspar in the fine coherent pleats and braid microperthite. We propose that the small coherent pleats developed from the braid microtexture by interaction of the spontaneous coherency strains with discontinuities within or at the surface of the crystal, and that their initial spacing is guided by that of the braid microperthite. We infer that the transitional zone formed by straightening of the zig-zag braid microtexture above the pleat heads during coarsening and partial phase separation. We further infer that the resulting coherency shear strains induced a reversal of the K-feldspar phase transformation, involving Si, Al disordering of low microcline into low sanidine, now tweed orthoclase, although the crystal was at a T within the hydrostatic T-stability of microcline.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 264 (1998), S. 497-508 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The interaction of interstellar pickup ions with the solar wind termination shock is reviewed and assessed. The pickup ions mass and momentum load the wind and increase its pressure, effects which decrease the strength of the shock and its distance from the Sun. The pickup hydrogen may contribute substantially to the "reflected" ion population, which should provide most of the dissipation at the supercritical quasi-perpendicular shock. A fraction of the pickup ions impinging on the shock is "injected" into the process of diffusive shock acceleration to form the anomalous cosmic ray component. An injection mechanism which accounts for the apparent absence of solar wind ions in the anomalous component is "shock surfing", in which pickup ions which approach the shock slowly may be trapped between the upstream Lorentz force and the shock potential and accelerated in the motional electric field beyond the energy threshold for diffusive shock acceleration. However, the simplest interpretation of shock surfing would favor less massive pickup ion species, in contradiction with Voyager observations of anomalous component composition. A possible extension of the shock surfing mechanism is considered, as well as other injection mechanisms. Finally, the pressure of the anomalous component may modify the structure of the termination shock, which in turn may influence injection rates.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Space science reviews 78 (1996), S. 109-116 
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An overview of the solar wind termination shock is presented including: its place in the heliosphere and its origin; its structure including the role of interstellar pickup ions and galactic and anomalous cosmic rays; its inferred location based on Lyman-α backscatter, Voyager radio signals, and anomalous cosmic rays; its shape and movement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 20 (1998), S. 113-118 
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: End-labeling ; GBS ; Mapping ; Restriction enzyme mapping ; Tn917
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two pieces of data are needed to fully map the location of a transposon inserted in a plasmid, the site of insertion and the transposon's orientation. Both of these parameters can be determined from a map of restriction sites, which can be derived by end-probing. Like restriction mapping, end-probing reveals the distance between restriction sites on a plasmid. In contrast to restriction mapping, end-probing unambiguously reveals the order of those restriction sites. End-probing is similar to end-labeling, except that the uncertainties inherent in the radiolabeling reaction (and the problems of working with radionucleotides) are avoided. In this paper we discuss the use of end-probing as a means to map insertions of transposon Tn917 into the Streptococcus agalactiae plasmid pGB354
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Space science reviews 72 (1995), S. 485-494 
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper reproduces the Symposium Summary presentation at the 28th ESLAB Symposium on The High Latitude Heliosphere. The summary is not comprehensive but with considerable latitude covers the highlights of the conference. Featured are the observations of the high-speed wind from the growing southern polar coronal hole, new measurements of the interstellar gas and pickup ions, new measurements of cosmic ray modulation at high latitude, and our growing awareness of the three-dimensional heliosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1995-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0038-6308
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9672
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1998-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7037
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-9533
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1997-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7037
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-9533
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1995-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7037
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-9533
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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