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  • 1995-1999  (128)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultrathin films of 3d-transition metal alloys, and in particular FeCo alloys, currently receive considerable interest because of their potential technological application and the possibility to adjust magnetic properties via the variation of composition and structure. To study magnetic and structural properties of the otherwise unstable fcc phase of FeCo, this structural phase was stabilized by epitaxial growth on Cu(001). Ultrathin FexCo1−x films were deposited at room temperature by coevaporation from two separate Knudsen cells, operated under stabilized conditions. The film thickness was varied between 2 and 9 monolayers (ML) and the Fe concentration between x=0.2 and x=0.95. The growth process was monitored by medium energy electron diffraction (MEED). Auger electron spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) were employed to analyze the composition and structure of the films. A nearly perfect layer-by-layer growth up to at least 9 ML, as seen by MEED, is encountered for x≤0.7. For higher Fe concentrations and thicknesses greater than 4 ML, deviations from the layer-by-layer growth are observed, indicating a structural rearrangement. LEED-I(V) curves reveal the coexistence of two structural phases with different interlayer spacings, the relative amount of which depends on the composition. Magnetic properties were characterized by the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE). The remanent magnetization was found to lie within the film plane over the whole range of thicknesses and concentrations investigated.A linear increase of the Kerr signal at saturation magnetization with increasing thickness indicates that practically the whole film is magnetic. As a function of composition, the saturation Kerr signal develops continuously with increasing Fe content. This suggests that in fcc FeCo alloys the contribution of Fe and Co to the total magnetic moment is nearly constant over the whole compositional range. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An experimental and theoretical study of magnetic circular dichroism in valence band photoemission from 15 monolayer thick fcc Ni films on Cu(001) is presented. A highly symmetric configuration (light incidence, electron emission, magnetization direction, photon helicity, and surface normal all parallel) allows the illustrative interpretation of the dichroism in terms of the relativistic band structure. Photoemission experiments in the photon energy range of 11–27 eV are compared to fully relativistic one-step photoemission calculations. From this comparison, the dichroic features can be directly related to the double group symmetry of the initial states, which is demonstrated by two examples. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial artificial FeCu alloy thin films in the fcc L10 ordered phase were prepared by pulsed laser deposition on Cu(100). Magnetic circular dichroism in x-ray absorption at the Fe and Cu L2,3 edges was used to study the electronic and magnetic properties of the normally immiscible FeCu(100) alloy films. The Fe exhibits magnetic moments comparable to that of fcc Fe films, ruling out the occurrence of nonmagnetic fcc Fe. The ratio between orbital and spin contribution to the Fe d moments is significantly enhanced in FeCu with respect to Fe/Cu(100), and amounts to (approximate)0.12. An induced magnetic moment of the Cu atoms is observed, which carries about 7% of the total d-band moment of the FeCu film. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on the artificial fabrication of stacked monolayers of Fe/Cu on Cu(100) by pulsed laser deposition at 300 K employing reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). In contrast to the thermally deposited films, an improved two dimensional growth of the Fe and Cu layers has been achieved by virtue of the dynamics of the pulsed laser deposition technique. The observed RHEED oscillations for each Fe and Cu layer and their growth mode as studied by scanning tunnelling microscopy indicate layer-by-layer growth. The magnetic properties studied by magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements show that the easy axis of magnetization is in plane with no specific anisotropy observed in the plane. Ferromagnetic response was absent for thicknesses less than 2 ML in total within the measured temperature range down to 100 K. The Curie temperature increases from 225 K for a trilayer Fe/Cu/Fe to 400 K for a total layer thickness of 10 ML. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of γ-iron films on Cu(111) below the two-dimensional percolation threshold of about 1.4 monolayer are investigated. Iron on flat Cu(111) surfaces forms triangular patches, while it forms stripes along step edges on vicinal surfaces. The films exhibit an easy magnetization axis perpendicular to the film plane and magnetic hysteresis at sufficiently low temperatures. The magnetization curves of the triangular iron patches are discussed in terms of Ising superparamagnetism. From Kerr hysteresis loops, we deduce that the first anisotropy constant K1 in the superparamagnetic films is of order 0.345±0.020 MJ/m3. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic dichroism measurements of the valence bands of films of fcc Co/Cu (001) have been performed using angle-resolved UV photoemission in low-symmetry, off-normal emission geometries, and linearly polarized light. Asymmetries of magnitude 4% are observed upon magnetization reversal. Evidence of both spin-dependent surface transmission and magnetic dichroism in the angular distribution of photoelectrons is seen. The asymmetry spectra indicate sensitivity to both magnetic exchange splitting and to spin–orbit splitting. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 2937-2939 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A simple Kerr microscope designed for in situ investigation of magnetic ultrathin films in ultrahigh vacuum environment is described. The system permits quick visualization of domain patterns with 10 μm lateral resolution. Simultaneous optical magnetometry is also possible. The performance of the system is illustrated with domain images in a few layers thick Fe films on Cu(001) and W(110). © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 3578-3582 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We present a new electrochemical cell design, which enables in situ tunneling microscopy (STM), cyclic voltammetry, and optical measurements in a single setup and at the same surface area of the substrate. The design is compatible with the Nanoscope III system and allows the deposition and investigation of metal films down to the submonolayer range. We show in situ STM of the Cu(001) surface, cyclic voltammetry of the deposition of ultrathin Co films on Cu(001) from an aqueous Na2SO4/CoSO4 solution and in situ magnetization measurements by magneto-optical Kerr effect on these Co films in the monolayer range. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 4734-4735 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We demonstrate an easy implementation of the cantilever bending beam approach to measure stress during film growth in ultrahigh vacuum. Using a simple and compact optical deflection technique, film stress with sub-monolayer sensitivity can be detected. A stress measurement during FeSi2 formation on Si(111) is presented. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 3475-3479 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A video-LEED system for rapid measurement of spin-polarized low-energy electron-diffraction (LEED) data is described. The system is based on a special, high-dynamic-range camera but will also support TV-rate cameras for less demanding I/V LEED work. The capabilities of the system include LEED pattern recording, and data acquisition for asymmetry versus energy (A/V), intensity versus energy (I/V), and intensity versus time (I/T). The design and operation of the system is described and illustrated by asymmetry data for W(001). © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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