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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sol-Gel Encapsulated Light-Transducing Protein Phycoerythrin: A New Biomaterial (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Chemistry of materials 7 (1995), S. 1779-1783 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5002
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm00058a005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of barnacle (Balanus eburneus and B. cenatus ) adhesive proteins (1997)
    Springer
    Marine biology 127 (1997), S. 629-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cements from two species of barnacles, Balanuseburneus Gould and Balanus crenatus Bruguiére, were analyzed to identify the number and nature of proteins present. B. crenatus cement was composed mainly of a small peptide cross-linked into aggregates ranging in size from ˜ 3 kD to 40–50 kD. These aggregates could be reduced with 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) but only after incubation at 40 °C for 12 to 24 h and only when the cement was recently formed. Reductive alkylation of cysteine residues with 4-vinylpyridine produced a water-soluble peptide of less than 5 kD. By comparison, the cement of B. eburneus could be dissolved only partially in SDS and 2-ME when heated at 100 °C for 10 min. Five major proteins were identified by SDS-PAGE: 7, 22, 36 and 58 kD bands for which N-terminal sequence and amino acid compositions are presented; and a 52 kD band for which sequence data are given. A minor protein band of ˜ 80 kD has the same N-terminus as the 36 kD band. CNBr digests of individual proteins produced peptides for which sequence and composition data are also presented. The study was conducted during 1993 to 1995. In general, the proteins identified from B. crenatus cement are similar to those characterized from B. eburneus, and they are different in composition and sequence than those previously reported from Mytilus edulis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050053
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wavelength calibration of the charge exchange recombination spectroscopy system on the DIII-D tokamak : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 878-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A wavelength calibration of all the detectors on the charge exchange recombination spectroscopy system is performed after every plasma discharge on the DIII-D tokamak. This is done to insure that the rest of the wavelength position of the C VI 5290.5 Å charge exchange line on the detector is accurately known so that the Doppler shift of the spectral line emitted during the discharge can be used for measurements of plasma rotation. In addition, this calibration provides a check on the spectral dispersion needed to determine the ion temperature. The reference spectra for the calibration are Ne I lines created by neon capillary discharge lamps contained within specially designed diffuse reflectors. The Ne I lines at 3520.4720, 5274.0393, 5280.0853, 5298.1891, and 5304.7580 Å are used in this work. The location of these lines on the linear detectors can be determined to an accuracy of 0.1 pixel, which corresponds to a plasma rotation accuracy of 1.2 and 0.7 km/s for the central and edge rotation measurements, respectively. Use of oppositely directed views of the plasma at the same major radius have been used to verify that the nominal 5290.5 Å wavelength of the C VI (n=8–7) multiplet is the correct wavelength for the line emitted owing to charge exchange excitation. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149288
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fast charge coupled device detector for charge exchange recombination spectroscopy on the DIII-D Tokamak (abstract) : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1019-1019 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Charge exchange recombination (CER) spectroscopy has become a standard diagnostic for Tokamaks. CER measurements have been used to determine spatially and temporally resolved ion temperature, toroidal and poloidal ion rotation speed, impurity density, and radial electric field. Knowledge of the spatial profile and temporal evolution of the electric field shear in the plasma edge is crucial to understanding the physics of the L to H transition. High speed CER measurements are also valuable for edge localized mode studies. Since the 0.52 ms minimum time resolution of our present system is barely adequate to study the time evolution of these phenomena, we have developed a new charge coupled device (CCD) detector system with about a factor of 2 better time resolution. In addition, our existing system detects sufficient photons to utilize the shortest time resolution only under exceptional conditions. The new CCD detector has a quantum efficiency of about 0.65, which is a factor of 7 better than our previous image intensifier-silicon photodiode detector systems. We have also equipped the new system with spectrometers of lower f/number. This combination should allow more routine operation at the minimum integration time, as well as improving data quality for measurements in the divertor-relevant region outside of the separatrix. Construction details, benchmark data, and initial Tokamak measurements for the new system will be presented. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147825
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fast charge coupled device detector for charge exchange recombination spectroscopy on the DIII-D Tokamak (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1233-1237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Charge exchange recombination (CER) spectroscopy has become a standard diagnostic for Tokamaks. CER measurements have been used to determine spatially and temporally resolved ion temperature, toroidal and poloidal ion rotation speed, impurity density, and radial electric field. Knowledge of the spatial profile and temporal evolution of the electric field shear in the plasma edge is crucial to understanding the physics of the L to H transition. High speed CER measurements are also valuable for edge localized mode studies. Since the 0.52 ms minimum time resolution of our present system is barely adequate to study the time evolution of these phenomena, we have developed a new charge coupled device (CCD) detector system with about a factor of 2 better time resolution. In addition, our existing system detects sufficient photons to utilize the shortest time resolution only under exceptional conditions. The new CCD detector has a quantum efficiency of about 0.65, which is a factor of 7 better than our previous image intensifier-silicon photodiode detector systems. We have also equipped the new system with spectrometers of lower f/number. This combination should allow more routine operation at the minimum integration time, as well as improving data quality for measurements in the divertor-relevant region outside of the separatrix. Construction details, benchmark data, and initial Tokamak measurements for the new system will be presented. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147895
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    All-optical light modulation in bacteriorhodopsin films (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 599-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report a convenient method to obtain all-optical light modulation in bacteriorhodopsin films using a degenerate four-wave mixing geometry. Chemically stabilized films of bacteriorhodopsin in a polymer matrix for which the lifetime of the excited M state is tens of seconds were used to demonstrate all-optical light intensity modulation. The films are observed to be stable over a period of 4 years. Due to the sensitivity of the films, small intensities of order microwatt/ cm2 are required in the modulation experiments. Furthermore the fast photochemical transition from M to B permit reasonably fast modulation speeds independent of the slow thermal M and B relaxation time. The experimental system also acts as an all-optical switch where a low power blue pulse turns on a signal red beam. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115401
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phycobiliproteins encapsulated in sol-gel glass (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 7 (1996), S. 99-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: sol-gel glass ; phycobiliproteins ; biomaterial ; biosensor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Light transducing phycobiliproteins are encapsulated in optically transparent sol-gel matrices. Absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies are used to characterize the effect of the sol-gel encapsulation on the conformation and aggregation states of the three major phycobiliproteins present in phycobilisomes: phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, and allophycocyanin. It is found that the effects of sol-gel entrapment on the spectroscopic properties are significantly different for the three phycobiliproteins. The results indicate that phycoerythrin undergoes only minor change in its native structure when entrapped in sol-gel. However, significant changes in conformation and aggregation state occur when phycocyanin and allophycocyanin are entrapped in sol-gel matrices. A thin film of sol-gel encapsulated phycoerythrin is also coated on an optical fiber surface and strong fluorescence from the evanescent wave excitation is detected. The potential applications of sol-gel encapsulated phycobiliproteins in biosensors are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401889
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer microsphere and polymer- ferrite nanocomposite preparation by precipitation from water-in-oil microemulsions (1997)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 275 (1997), S. 930-937 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Encapsulation ; polyphenol ; w / o microemulsion ; magnetic microspheres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  A simple method to encapsulate intramicellar solutes (enzymes, nanoparticles) in polymer microspheres is described. The method involves dissolving a polymer in a minimum amount of solvent. The polymer solution is then added to a large volume of a nonsolvent system containing bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfo-succinate (AOT) reversed micelles. Immediate precipitation of the dissolved polymer takes place. The precipitation results in the formation of stable microparticles ∼0.1–1 μm in diameter. There is a direct correlation between the internal voidage of the particles and the water content of the micelles. Precipitation also leads to encapsulation of intramicellar solutes, resulting in the formation of microspherical composites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050168
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and characterization of recombinant spider silk expressed in Escherichia coli (1998)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 49 (1998), S. 31-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A partial cDNA clone, from the 3′ end of the dragline silk gene was isolated from Nephila clavipes major ampullate glands. This clone contains a 1.7-kb insert, consisting of a repetitive coding region of 1.4-kb and a 0.3-kb nonrepetitive coding region; 1.5-kb of the 1.7-kb fragment was cloned into Escherichia coli and a␣43-kDa recombinant silk protein was expressed. Characterization of the purified protein by Western blot, amino acid composition analysis, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry confirms it to be spider dragline silk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051133
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of three herbaceous index plant species for bioavailability of soil cadmium, chromium, nickel and vanadium (1996)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 182 (1996), S. 199-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: bioavailability ; cadmium ; chicory ; chromium ; Cichorium intybus ; contamination ; ecological risk assessment ; Erigeron canadensis ; Eupatorium capillifolium ; horseweed ; index plants ; index species ; metals ; nickel ; soil ; vanadium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Uncultivated plants growing on disturbed sites may be useful for assessing the bioavailability of some metals in soils, and thus the potential for metal mobilization up the terrestrial food chain, an important element in ecological risk assessment. A planted chicory cultivar (Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi.) and the uncultivated plants horseweed (Canada fleabane) (Erigeron canadensis L.) and dogfennel (Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small) were evaluated for their ability to act as index plant species for soil Cd, Cr, Ni, and V at two field sites where these metals had been applied five yr previously to two highly weathered sandy Ultisols. Soil Cd was available to all analyzed plant tissues of all three plant species at both sites, particularly on the sandier Blanton soil. Chicory was an effective index plant for Cd on the finer textured Orangeburg soil but functioned as an indicator plant (toxicity symptoms were observed) on the sandier Blanton soil. Horseweed and dogfennel were effective index plants for Cd in both contaminated soils. Soil Cr, Ni, and V were less bioavailable than soil Cd and plant metal uptake was more sensitive to residual soil Cr, Ni, and V than was soil extraction with double acid. Horseweed and chicory may have potential as index plants for soil Cr. Chicory may have potential as a Ni index plant. Chicory and dogfennel may have potential as V index plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029051
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