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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of inorganic and organic fertilization on soil microbial biomass, metabolic quotient and heavy metal bioavailability (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1999), S. 371-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Organic fertilization ; Soil microbial biomass carbon ; Metabolic quotient ; Bioavailability ; Heavy metals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  We studied the long-term effects (12 years) of municipal refuse compost addition on the total organic carbon (TOC), the amount and activity of the microbial biomass (soil microbial biomass C, BC and metabolic quotient qCO2) and heavy metal bioavaiability in soils as compared to manuring with mineral fertilizers (NPK) and farmyard manure (FYM). In addition, we studied the relationships between among the available fraction [Diethylenetriaminopentacetic acid (DTPA) extractable] of heavy metals and their total content, TOC and BC. After 12 years of repeated treatments, the TOC and BC of control and mineral fertilized plots did not differ. Soils treated with FYM and composts showed a significant increase in TOC and BC in response to the increasing amounts of organic C added. Values of the BC/TOC ratio ranged from 1.4 to 2, without any significative differences among soil treatments. The qCO2 increased in the organic-amended soil and may have indicated microbial stress. The total amounts of metals in treated soils were lower than the levels permitted by the European Union in agricultural soils. DTPA-extractable metals increased in amended soils in response to organic C. A multiple regression analysis with stepwise selection of variables was carried out in order to discriminate between the influence exerted on DTPA-extractable metals by their total content, TOC and BC. Results showed that each metal behaved quite differently, suggesting that different mechanisms might be involved in metal bioavailability
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050506
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of meal timing on the kinetic-dynamic profile of levodopa/carbidopa controlled is release in parkinsonian patients (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 303-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Levodopa ; Controlled release formulations ; Parkinson's disease ; Meal interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the time of ingestion of a meal on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a levodopa/carbidopa controlled-release formulation in parkinsonian patients on chronic levodopa therapy. Methods: The kinetic-dynamic profile of one tablet of controlled-release levodopa/carbidopa 200/50 mg was monitored in eight patients, according to an intrasubject randomized cross-over design in two different sessions. A standard meal was consumed by the patients after they had fasted for 15–17 h, on one occasion 30 min before the ingestion of the test dose, and on the other occasion 2 h after the ingestion of the same drug dose. Blood venous samples for analysis of plasma levodopa and its metabolite 3-O-methyldopa were drawn at 20-min intervals up to 6 h after dosing. Motor response to the levodopa test dose was assessed by the finger tapping and walking speed tests at the same times as blood was drawn. Results: Controlled is release levodopa intake after meals resulted in a significant delay in drug absorption, with an almost twofold increase in time of initial appearance of levodopa in plasma and time to peak plasma concentration. Peak plasma drug concentrations were not significantly different in the two experimental conditions; the area under the 6-h plasma concentration-time curve showed an average reduction of 24% in the fed condition, partly reflecting the incomplete assessment of levodopa absorption, within the 6 h of examination, due␣to 5-h delayed peak plasma levodopa concentration␣in two patients. With reference to levodopa pharmacodynamics, time to onset of motor response was significantly delayed and duration of motor response significantly curtailed in the fed condition, while the magnitude and overall extent of motor effect were unchanged. Conclusions: In keeping with previous findings on levodopa standard-release preparations, these data show that time of meal ingestion is an important determinant of levodopa disposition, even from controlled-release preparations in parkinsonian patients. From a clinical point of view, these results help to explain some of the delayed, curtailed and even lacking responses that often complicate afternoon motor performances in patients at the more advanced stages of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050464
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of volcanic glasses from the NMR-EPR perspective: a preliminary application to the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (1999)
    Springer
    Bulletin of volcanology 60 (1999), S. 425-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Keywords: Key words Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Electron paramagnetic resonance ; Volcanic glasses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Glass samples from alkali-trachytic pumice of the Lower Member (LM, level LM1) and Upper Member (UM) of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff at Campi Flegrei Caldera were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The EPR data show that the relative occupancy of the different iron sites varies in samples from the Lower Member LM1 and Upper Member of the eruptive sequence. The LM1 glasses are characterized by a more homogeneous distribution of the cationic site population of iron compared with UM and by a different Fe3+/Al3+ substitution in the C2v symmetrical sites of the silicate framework. 29Si MAS NMR spectra on glasses indicate that LM1 glasses are more depolymerized than UM glasses, indicating the existence of structurally distinct magma batches. 27Al MAS NMR spectra indicate the occurrence in UM glasses of aluminum in both tetrahedral and octahedral coordination; the observed AlVI is believed to be a primary feature of the glass, since 27Al CP-MAS NMR experiments do not reveal detectable esa-hydrated Al. The Al in sixfold coordination could be ascribed either to the more abundant alkali–OH terminations in UM, in which alkalies would be extracted from their charge-balance role for Al, thus altering its fourfold structural position, or to permanent compaction during fast cooling and decompression of high-pressure melts. 23Na CP-MAS NMR experiments indicate the existence of Na–OH groups in both LM1 and UM glasses, relatively more abundant in the latter. Although preliminary, the results indicate the possible application of atomic-scale studies to variables that determine the regimes of explosive volcanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004450050242
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    cis-8,10-Di-n-propyllobelidiol Hydrochloride Dihydrate (1996)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 1223-1225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270195014636
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral levodopa in parkinsonian patients (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 51 (1996), S. 59-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Levodopa ; Parkinson’s disease; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; NONMEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a standardised oral test dose of levodopa have been determined in patients with mild to severe Parkinson’s disease using parametric, non-linear mixed effect modelling with the program NONMEM. Levodopa plasma concentration data and motor effect behaviour (tapping times) were obtained from 46 patients, for whom a total of 970 observations were available (approximately 21 pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic observations per patient). The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model used was a one-compartment first-order absorption model linked to the sigmoid EMax representation of the Hill equation via an equilibration rate-constant, ke0. The model was also tested via a reduction in the number of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data points to a total of four to eight per patient. Results: In the final regression models the Hoehn and Yahr (HY) status of the patient and duration of disease (DUR) were found to be important determinants of the pharmacodynamic parameters for levodopa. The pharmacokinetic parameters were not significantly affected by any covariates. A test group of 16 additional parkinsonian patients was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the population parameters. The predictive performance of the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling using the full and reduced data sets was evaluated in NONMEM using posthoc, Bayesian forecasting. Statistically insignificant bias existed among predicted and observed levodopa concentrations, whereas the pharmacodynamic model underpredicted the observed tapping times. There was little difference in the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic predictive performance among results for the full and the reduced data sets. Conclusion: In a clinical setting knowledge of the population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters for oral levodopa may prove useful in estimating the duration of the drug’s beneficial motor activity in patients with mild to severe Parkinson’s disease (Hoehn and Yahr status I–IV).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050161
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dijet cross sections in photoproduction at HERA (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 1 (1998), S. 109-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dijet cross sections are presented using photoproduction data obtained with the ZEUS detector during 1994. These measurements represent an extension of previous results, as the higher statistics allow cross sections to be measured at higher jet transverse energy (E τ jet ). Jets are identified in the hadronic final state using three different algorithms, and the cross sections compared to complete next-to-leading order QCD calculations. Agreement with these calculations is seen for the pseudorapidity dependence of the direct photon events with E T jet 〉 6 GeV and of the resolved photon events with E t jet 〉 11 GeV. Calculated cross sections for resolved photon processes with 6 GeV 〈 E T jet 〈 11 GeV lie below the data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01245801
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A search for excited fermions in electron-proton collisions at HERA (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 65 (1995), S. 627-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A search for excited states of the standard model fermions was performed using the ZEUS detector at the HERA electron-proton collider, operating at a centre of mass energy of 296 GeV. In a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.55 pb−1, no evidence was found for any resonant state decaying into final states composed of a fermion and a gauge boson. Limits on the coupling strength times branching ratio of excited fermions are presented for masses between 50 GeV and 250 GeV, extending previous search regions significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01578671
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Jet production in highQ 2 deep-inelastic ep scattering at HERA (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 67 (1995), S. 81-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two-jet production in deep-inelastic electron-proton scattering has been studied for 160〈Q 2〈1280 GeV2, 0.01〈x〈0.1 and 0.04〈y〈0.95 with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The kinematic properties of the jets and the jet production rates are presented. The partonic scaling variables of the two-jet system and the rate of two-jet production are compared to perturbative next-to-leading order QCD calculations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01564823
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inclusive transverse momentum distributions of charged particles in diffractive and non-diffractive photoproduction at HERA (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 67 (1995), S. 227-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Inclusive transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in photoproduction events in the laboratory pseudorapidity range −1.2〈η〈1.4 have been measured up top T =8 GeV usign the ZEUS detector. Diffractive and non-diffractive reactions have been selected with an average γp centre of mass (c.m.) energy of 〈W〉=180 GeV. For diffractive reactions, thep T spectra of the photon dissociation events have been measured in two intervals of the dissociated photon mass with mean values 〈M X 〉=5 GeV and 10 GeV. The inclusive transverse momentum spectra fall exponentially in the lowp T region. The non-diffractive data show a pronounced highp T tail departing from the exponential shape. Thep T distributions are compared to lower energy photoproduction data and to hadron-hadron collisions at a similar c.m. energy. The data are also compared to the results of a next-to-leading order QCD calculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01571283
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutral strange particle production in deep inelastic scattering at HERA (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 68 (1995), S. 29-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents measurements ofK 0 and Λ production in neutral current, deep inelastic scattering of 26.7 GeV electrons and 820 GeV protons in the kinematic range 10〈Q 2〈640 GeV2, 0.0003〈x〈0.01, andy〉0.04. Average multiplicities forK 0 and Λ production are determined for transverse momentap T〉0.5 GeV and pseudorapidities |η|〈1.3. The multiplicities favour a stronger strange to light quark suppression in the fragmentation chain than found ine + e − experiments. The production properties ofK 0' s in events with and without a large rapidity gap with respect to the proton direction are compared. The ratio of neutralK 0' s to charged particles per event in the measured kinematic range is, within the present statistics, the same in both samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01579802
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