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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 9 (1997), S. 380-385 
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Schlagwort(e): asymmetric synthesis ; campholene aldehyde derivatives ; fragrance compounds ; sandalwood odor ; santalum album L ; structure-odor-relationships ; molecular similarity ; molecular modeling ; computer-aided fragrance design ; molecular surface comparison ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The asymmetric syntheses of the enantiomers of Madrol® (1) are described and their odor properties evaluated. (1S)-(-)-1 exerts a powerful sandalwood odor with some animalic undertones, whereas its antipode smells sweet and flowery rather than like sandalwood. Molecular surface comparisons show remarkable deviations in the hydrophobic parts of the two enantiomers. Chirality 9:380-385, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemical Engineering & Technology - CET 19 (1996), S. 28-33 
    ISSN: 0930-7516
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Existing design codes propose different methods for the analysis for the junction region of conical and toriconical shells (limit analysis, shake down analysis, Kellog design approach, area replacement method) submitted to internal pressure load. However, now it is possible to develop generally valid an very precise guidelines based on linear and nonlinear Finite Elements-Analyses. A clear difference is made between design with respect to fatigue strength and design according to load carrying capacity criteria. A. Major advantage of the Finite-Elements-Method(FEM) is the opportunity of its adaptation to given design criteria such as a strain limit or a plastification limit. It shown how design curves can be directly derived from the FE-analysis with respect to fatigue strength (stress concentration factors) and load carrying capacity (design factors for the calculation of a required wall thickness). The materials behavior in the plastic region is considered with an without strain hardening. Large deformation effects as geometric nonlinearities can be involved in the analysis. The method can easily be applied for the analysis of other pressure vessel components.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 26 (1995), S. 483-487 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Plastoermüdungs- und Kriechverhalten von rekristallisiertem Molybdän im RaumtemperaturbereichDas Verformungsverhalten von reinem rekristallisierten Molybdan Blech unter zyklischer und statischer Beanspruchung wurde im Temperaturbereich zwischen 30°C und 100°C, unter Zug-Druck Spannungsamplituden zwischen 100 MPa und 250 MPa, sowie unter Zugbeanspruchung bis 200 MPa untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß Molybdan trotz der niedrigen Prüftemperaturen und Spannungen ein beträchtliches plastisches Verformungsvermögen aufweist, das empfindlich von der Prüffrequenzzeit und von geringfügigen Veranderungen in der Prüftemperatur abhängt. Die Aktivierungsenergie für die statischen und dynamischen Verformungsvorgänge berechnet sich zu weniger als 0,98 eV, was auf thermisch aktivierte Verformungsprozesse deutet. Diese Prozesse konnten auf der Grundlage eines in der Literatur beschriebenen Versetzungskinkenmodells erklärt werden. Das zyklische Plastizitätsverhalten bei den niederen Prüftemperaturen erscheint durch Wechselwirkungen von Kriech- und Ermüdungsvorgangen beeinflußt zu sein.
    Notizen: The deformation behavior of pure recrystallized molybdenum under cyclic and static loads was investigated in the temperature range between 30°C and 10O°C, for stress amplitudes between 100 MPa and 250 MPa and for static loads up to 200 MPa. The results show that in spite of the low test temperatures and stress levels the Mo material exhibits considerable plastic strains which depend sensitively on frequenez and small changes in temperature.The activation energy deduced for the static and dynamic deformation is less than 0.98 eV which indicates thermally activated processes, to be explained by a dislocation kink model as described in the literature. The low-temperature fatigue behavior appears strongly influenced by creep-fatigue interaction phenomena.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Schlagwort(e): electronic structure ; exchange coupling ; heme proteins ; iron complexes ; porhyrins ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The molecular structure of the chloroiron(III) porphyrinate [FeIIICl- (tmtmp)] (1) is described. The doming off the bifacially encumbered tmtmp dianionic ligand present in 1 is characterized by a separation of 0.09 (1) Å between the mean plane of the four pyrrole nitrogens (4NP) and that of the porphyrin core. The coordination polyhedron of the five-coordinate iron atom is a square pyramid of C4v symmetry. The metal is displaced by 0.44 (1) Å from the 4Np mean plane towards the axial chloro ligand. The Fe-Np and Fe-Cl bond lengths are 2.057 (6) and 2.223(5) Å, respectively. Upon treatment of [FeIIITf(tmtmp)] (2) with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, the green oxoferryl π radical cation complex [FeIV=O(tmtmp)]+ (3) is obtained. It has been studied by EPR, Mössbauer, and resonance Raman spectroscopy. It exhibits an EPR spectrum strikingly similar to those of compounds I of Micrococcus lysodeikticus catalase (APX-I) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX-I) The exchange interactions between the spins of the radical cation and the ferryl iron are of the ferromagnetic type and are the weakest ever found for a synthetic compound I model. The shift of + 22 cm-1 in the radical marker band v2 in the resonance Raman spectra upon oxidation of 2 to 3 confirms that the electronic state of the porphyrin π radical cation is predominantly 2Alu in this tmtmp compound 1 model.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 92-99 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The phase behavior of polymer blends under simple shear flow has been studied using a custom-designed rheo-optical system consisting of a two-dimensional small-angle light scattering (SALS) device incorporated into a conventional rheometer. Two-dimensional SALS images were gathered for model polymer blend systems with different quiescent phase behavior: polystyrene/polyisobutylene (PS/PIB) that exhibits upper critical solution temperature phase behavior and polystyrene/poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PS/PVME) that shows lower critical solution temperature phase behavior. For the PS/PIB blend, shear-induced phase mixing occurred at a critical shear rate. Below that critical shear rate, the dispersed phase was highly elongated parallel to the flow direction. For PS/PVME blends, a streak scattering pattern was observed even though the sample became optically clear after shearing. We observed, apparently for the first time, the development of a bright-streak pattern from a transient dark-streak pattern for a polymer blend system under shear. Rheo-microscopy studies revealed an intriguing wave pattern that developed coincident with the observation of a streak pattern by SALS. The relationship between the two phenomena has not yet been established.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 1153-1162 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The behavior of droplet swarms in liquid-liquid dispersions, especially found in extraction columns, are analyzed by a new fluorescence measurement technique, which represents an extension to the capillary suction method. The measuring principle developd benefits from detectable-emission light intensity of a fluorescent dye even in a trace concentration. The addition of this nontransferring dye to the dispersed phase enables in situ determination of bivariate drop-size/drop-concentration distributions, which provides important information on droplet history for the evaluation of coalescence and breakup rates. Furthermore, the measuring method represents a new approach for the measurment of droplet-size-dependent residence times in extraction columns.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Schlagwort(e): Hydrogen bonds ; Inclusion compounds ; Solid-state structures ; Porphyrinoids ; Zinc ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The X-ray structure of a phenanthroline-(phen-)strapped 1,10-diphenylporphyrin 1 has been resolved. From the structure obtained, it is apparent that in spite of the rigidity of the strap the porphyrin ring is only slightly distorted, and that the substituents on the phen moiety define what would seem to be a hydrophobic pocket. Metallation of the free base 1 with zinc(II) acetate yields a metallic complex (1)Zn with a free axial coordination site. Crystallization of the zinc complex in the presence of a hindered base (N-methylimidazole, denoted N-MeIm) in organic solvents affords single crystals of a porphyrinatozinc(II) species, in which two water molecules are surprisingly present in the encumbered (distal) pocket of the phen site. One water molecule is axially bound to the zinc(II) ion, while the other is doubly hydrogen-bonded, as an H-bond donor to the phenanthroline and as an H-bond acceptor to the axial water ligand.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 41 (1998), S. 167-170 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): FT-IR ; microspectroscopy ; infrared ; injectable biomaterial ; calcium phosphate ; bone substitute ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) of high-viscosity grade is used as a ligand for a bioactive calcium phosphate ceramic (the filler) in a ready-to-use injectable sterilized biomaterial for bone and dental surgery. Application of physico-chemical methods such as XPS, NMR, or Raman spectroscopy encounters difficulties when used to study such a multiphased material. This paper reports on the application of FT-IR microspectroscopy (FT-IRM) for the investigation of inorganic and organic phases of the rough composite and separated phases obtained by mechanical or chemical extraction methods. A comparison of FT-IRM with the conventional KBr pellet method was made and indicates that the macro and micro FT-IR methods are complementary: the former revealed new chemical groups not visualized with the KBr method whereas the latter detected the major compound of the blend. FT-IR microspectroscopy was revealed to be a powerful method of analysis that is complementary to other existing spectroscopic methods. Moreover, it is expected to be a useful tool in the study of biomaterials in biological samples. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 41, 167-170, 1998.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 39 (1998), S. 660-666 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): injectable bone substitute ; biphasic calcium phosphate ; cellulose derivatives ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The purpose of this study was to develop an injectable bone substitute (IBS) for percutaneous orthopedic surgery. The multiphasic material used was composed of a 2% aqueous solution of methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC) and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP, 60% hydroxyapatite and 40% β-tricalcium phosphate) in which MHPC served as the carrier for 80-200 μm of BCP granules. The best BCP/polymer ratio was determined by the rheological properties and higher BCP content of the material. Steam sterilization was more effective than gamma irradiation in maintaining the stability of the mixture and conserving its physiochemical and mechanical properties. The in vitro biocompatibility of the composite was checked by direct-contact cytotoxicity and cell-proliferation assays. A preliminary in vivo test was performed in the rabbit using intraosseous implantations in the femoral epiphysis. Histological analysis was done after 1, 2, 4, and 10 weeks. Bone ingrowth into the IBS, in close association with BCP granules, was observed after 1 week and increased regularly from the surface inward at 2, 4, and 10 weeks. At the same time, smaller BCP granules (less than 80 microns in diameter) were degraded and resorbed. This injectable biomaterial proved suitable for cavity filling. The water solubility and viscosity of the polymer allow cells to recolonize, with in situ bonding of the mineral phase © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 39, 660-666, 1998.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 46 (1995), S. 76-82 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Effect of martensitic structures in Cr—Ni-steels on pitting corrosionThe paper describes the influence of martensitic microstructures, which were produced in austenitic CrNi steels by directed kryoforming at -196°C, on pitting corrosion.The investigations were carried out with a series of alloyed steels with a basis content of 17% chromium and nickel contents between 8% and 20%.The microstructures were characterized by means of radiographic, magnetic, metallografic, mechanical and chrono-potentiostatic techniques which revealed correlations between martensite transformation and properties.The comparison of measurement results obtained for the strain hardening, flow and corrosion behaviour has shown similarities in the change of hardening characteristics and pitting potentials in dependence on the degree of deformation.The pitting behaviour is improved if α′-martensite is primarily formed by a sufficient degree of plastic deformation. In contrast, microstructures with ∊-martensite and derived portions of α′-martensite display a less favorable pitting behaviour.
    Notizen: Das Anliegen der Studie war es, zu ermitteln, in welcher Weise martensitische Gefüge, die in austenitischen Cr-Ni-Stählen durch gezielte Kryoumformung bei 77 K gebildet wurden, eine Auswirkung auf das Lochfraßverhalten haben.Die Untersuchungen wurden an einer Legierungsreihe mit Basisgehalten von 17% Chrom und abgestuften Ni-Gehalten von 8-20% durchgeführt.Die Charakterisierung der Gefüge mittels röntgenographischer, magnetischer, metallographischer, mechanischer und chronopotentiostatischer Untersuchungen führte zu Aussagen über Zusammenhange zwischen Martensitumwandlung und Eigenschaften. Die Gegenüberstellung der Ergebnisse aus Messungen zum Verfestigungsverhalten, Fließverhalten und Korrosionsverhalten zeigte, daß Verfestigungskennwerte und Lochfraßpotentiale ähnliche Veränderungen in Abhängigkeit vom Umformgrad erfahren.Eine Verbesserung des Lochkorrosionsverhaltens tritt ein, wenn durch hinreichend große plastische Deformation vorwiegend α′-Martensit direkt aus dem Austenit entsteht.Dagegen weisen Gefügezustände mit ∊-Martensit und daraus teilweise umgewandelten Anteilen aus α′-Martensit ein ungünstigeres Lochfraßverhalten aus.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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