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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: Key words: Maternity leave ; childbirth ; labor force participation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. Since 1979 German federal maternity leave and benefit policy has given women incentives to stay at home and take care of their newborn and youngest children. In 1986 this leave and benefit policy was changed in several ways, turning it into a powerful instrument for delaying mothers‘ return to work after childbirth. Using a flexible duration dependence estimation technique for proportional hazards due to Prentice and Gloeckler (1978) and applied to grouped durations by Meyer (1987, 1990), we estimate post childbirth return to work hazards for women during the federally protected leave protection period and immediately upon completion of this leave period. During the leave mothers are less likely to return to work the longer is the time left in the leave protection period; however, this result cannot be attributed generally to high levels of maternity benefits. When the leave protection period ends, mothers with strong labor force attachment who are still on leave return to their jobs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1475
    Keywords: J22 ; J13 ; Maternity leave ; childbirth ; labor force participation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Since 1979 German federal maternity leave and benefit policy has given women incentives to stay at home and take care of their newborn and youngest children. In 1986 this leave and benefit policy was changed in several ways, turning it into a powerful instrument for delaying mothers' return to work after childbirth. Using a flexible duration dependence estimation technique for proportional hazards due to Prentice and Gloeckler (1978) and applied to grouped durations by Meyer (1987, 1990), we estimate post childbirth return to work hazards for women during the federally protected leave protection period and immediately upon completion of this leave period. During the leave mothers are less likely to return to work the longer is the time left in the leave protection period; however, this result cannot be attributed generally to high levels of maternity benefits. When the leave protection period ends, mothers with strong labor force attachment who are still on leave return to their jobs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1340
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Интервальный метод Ньютона и обобщенный метод половинного деления гарантированно находят все численные решения в заланной области. Как анализ вычислительной сложности, гак и численные зксперимемты показали, что решение соответствующей интервальной линейной системы, полученной интервальными методами Ньютона, может потребовать значительного объема вычислений (особенно если нелинейная система велика по размерам) На практике системы нелинейных уравнений большой размерности нередко сводятся к разреженным интервальным матрицам Якоби. В настоящей работе предлагается обобщенная индексированная схема памяти для хранения разреженных интервальных матриц, а затем вводится итеративный интервальный линейный решатель, пснользуюший эту схему Ожидается, что предложенный обобшенный итеративный итеративный интервальный линейный решатель повысит обшую производительность методов Ньютона и обобщенного метода половинного деления для разреженных матриц Якоби В разделе 1 кратко описаны интервальные методы Ньютона. В разделе 2 рассматриваются некоторые используемые в настоящее время схемы памяти для разреженных систем В
    Notes: Abstract Interval Newton/Generalized Bisection methods reliably find all numerical solutions within a given domain. Both computational complexity analysis and numerical experiments have shown that solving the corresponding interval linear system generated by interval Newton's methods can be computationally expensive (especially when the nonlinear system is large). In applications, many large-scale nonlinear systems of equations result in sparse interval jacobian matrices. In this paper, we first propose a general indexed storage scheme to store sparse interval matrices We then present an iterative interval linear solver that utilizes the proposed index storage scheme It is expected that the newly proposed general interval iterative sparse linear solver will improve the overall performance for interval Newton/Generalized bisection methods when the jacobian matrices are sparse. In section 1, we briefly review interval Newton's methods. In Section 2, we review some currently used storage schemes for sparse systems. In Section 3, we introduce a new index scheme to store general sparse matrices. In Section 4, we present both sequential and parallel algorithms to evaluate a general sparse Jacobian matrix. In Section 5, we present both sequential and parallel algorithms to solve the corresponding interval linear system by the all-row preconditioned scheme. Conclusions and future work are discussed in Section 6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Reliable computing 1 (1995), S. 265-274 
    ISSN: 1573-1340
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract INTBIS—грошедший ушательное тестирование пакет программного обеспения, использюшй интервальный метод Ньютона и обобшенный метод половинного деления гля нахождения всех численных решений систем нелинейных уравнений. Благодаря тому что INTBIS использует интервальные вычисления, получаемые им результаты гарантированно содержат все решения. Для эффективного решения очень больших нелинейных систем на параллельном векторном компьюотере необходимо максимально использобать особенности архитектуры машины. В настояшэй работе описаны реализации INTBIS для больших нелинейных систем на суперкомпьютере Сгау Y-MP Сначала представлена прямая реализация INTBIS для комппьгеров Сгау, а затем излагаются результаты работы по оптимизации INTBIS для Сгау Y-MP
    Notes: Abstract INTBIS is a well-tested software package which uses an interval Newton/generalized bisection method to find all numerical solutions to nonlinear systems of equations. Since INTBIS uses interval computations, its results are guaranteed to contain all solutions. To efficiently solve very large nonlinear systems on a parallel vector computer, it is necessary to effectively utilize the architectural features of the machine In this paper, we report our implementations of INTBIS for large nonlinear systems on the Cray Y-MP supercomputer. We first present the direct implementation of INTBIS on a Cray. Then, we report our work on optimizing INTBIS on the Cray Y-MP
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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