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  • Copernicus  (58)
  • Wiley-Blackwell
  • 2015-2019  (16)
  • 2010-2014  (42)
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1965-1969  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 79 (1967), S. 99-100 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: 1,2-Diphospha-3,4-diboretanes ; 1,3-diphospha-2,4,5-triborolane derivative ; preparation ; molecular structures ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1,2-Diphospha-3,4-diboretanes and 1,3-Diphospha-2,4,5-triborolane: Synthesis and Structure as well as Calculations on the Molecular Structure On the Effect of Substituents on the Structure of 1,2-Diphospha-3,4-diboretane[2 + 2]-Cyclocondensation reactions led to the synthesis of the 1,2-diphospha-3,4-diboretanes [(t-BuP)2B2(NMe2)2], 1 a, and [(t-BuP)2B(NMe2)B(NiPr2)], 1 b. Their molecular structures have been determined by X-ray methods, and these are compared with the structure of [(t-Bu)P—BN(iPr2)]2, 2 a. Compounds 1 show a folded B2P2 four membered ring having tert.-butyl groups in anti-positions. Ab initio calculations on 1,2-diphospha-3,4-diboretanes demonstrate that two conformers with anti-orientation of the substituents at the phosphorus atoms can be expected. These differ by the relative orientation of the almost planar P2BR groups to the BP2 plane. The influence of substituents (H and NH2 at the B atoms, and H and Me at the P atoms) on the ring conformation has been studied. Finally, the first derivative of a 1,3-diphospha-2,4,5-triborolane, 3 a, is reported.
    Notes: Durch [2 + 2]-Cyclokondensationen wurden die 1,2-Diphospha-3,4-diboretane [(t-BuP)2B2(NMe2)2], 1 a, und [(t-BuP)2B(NMe2)B(NiPr2)], 1 b, dargestellt, ihre Molekülstrukturen mit Röntgenbeugungsmethoden bestimmt und mit der Struktur von [(t-Bu)P—B(NiPr2)]2, 2 a, verglichen. In den Verbindungen 1 liegen gefaltete B2P2-Vierringe vor mit anti-ständigen tert.-Butylgruppen, während das Ringsystem in 2 a planar gebaut ist, die tert.-Butylgruppen aber ebenfalls anti-Stellung einnehmen. Ab initio-Rechnungen an 1,2-Diphospha-3,4-diboretanen belegen, daß zwei unterschiedliche Konformere mit anti-Orientierung der Substituenten an den P-Atomen stabil sind, die sich durch die relative Orientierung der annähernd trigonal-planaren P2BR-Baugruppen zur BP2-Ebene voneinander unterscheiden. Der Einfluß von Substituenten (H und NH2 am B-Atom, H und CH3 am P-Atom) wird ermittelt. Beschrieben wird ferner das erste Derivat eines 1,3-Diphospha-2,4,5-triborolans, 3 a.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 1945-1953 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Bismutoxideiodides ; totale pressure measurements ; mass spectrometry ; thermodynamic data ; melting diagram ; barogram ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on the System Bi2O3/BiI3The temperature functions of decomposition pressures of the ternary compounds on the quasibinary line Bi2O3/BiI3 were determined by total pressure measurements and mass spectrometry. The barogram of the system was constructed and the melting diagram precised. The enthalpies of formation and the standard entropies of the solid phases were derived from the decomposition functions: (Values see Inhaltsübersicht).
    Notes: Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Zersetzungsdrücke der auf dem quasibinären Schnitt Bi2O3/BiI3 existierenden ternären Verbindungen wurde durch Gesamtdruckmessungen mit dem Membrannullmanometer und dem Massenspektrometer ermittelt. Das Zustandsbarogramm für das System wurde aufgestellt und das Zustandsdiagramm präzisiert. Unter Zugrundelegung der Zersetzungsgleichungen wurden die Standardbildungsenthalpien und Standardentropien der festen ternären Phasen hergeleitet: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{l} \Delta {\rm H}_{\rm B}^{\rm o} \,({\rm BiOI, f, 298) = - 268,1} \pm {\rm 6,3}\,{\rm kJ}\,{\rm mol}^{{\rm - 1}} \\ {\rm S}^ \circ \,({\rm BiOI, f, 298) = 116,9} \pm {\rm 7,1}\,{\rm J}\,{\rm mol}^{{\rm - 1}} \,{\rm K}^{{\rm - 1}} \\ \Delta {\rm H}_{\rm B}^{\rm o} \,({\rm Bi}_{\rm 4} {\rm O}_{\rm 5} {\rm I}_{\rm 2} {\rm, f, 298) = - 1148,8} \pm 20{\rm,9}\,{\rm kJ}\,{\rm mol}^{{\rm - 1}} \\ {\rm S}^ \circ \,({\rm Bi}_{\rm 4} {\rm O}_{\rm 5} {\rm I}_{\rm 2} {\rm, f, 298) = 367,1} \pm 25{\rm,1}\,{\rm J}\,{\rm mol}^{{\rm - 1}} \,{\rm K}^{{\rm - 1}} \\ \Delta {\rm H}_{\rm B}^{\rm o} \,({\rm Bi}_{\rm 7} {\rm O}_{\rm 9} {\rm I}_{\rm 3} {\rm, f, 298) = - 2022,5} \pm 34{\rm,3}\,{\rm kJ}\,{\rm mol}^{{\rm - 1}} \\ {\rm S}^ \circ \,({\rm Bi}_{\rm 7} {\rm O}_{\rm 9} {\rm I}_{\rm 3} {\rm, f, 298) = 619,8} \pm 41{\rm,0}\,\,{\rm J}\,{\rm mol}^{{\rm - 1}} \,{\rm K}^{{\rm - 1}} \\ \Delta {\rm H}_{\rm B}^{\rm o} \,({\rm Bi}_{\rm 5} {\rm O}_{\rm 7} {\rm I, f, 298) = - 1471,2} \pm 20{\rm,1}\,{\rm kJ}\,{\rm mol}^{{\rm - 1}} \\ {\rm S}^ \circ \,({\rm Bi}_{\rm 5} {\rm O}_{\rm 7} {\rm I, f, 298) = 385,3} \pm 24{\rm,3}\,{\rm J}\,{\rm mol}^{{\rm - 1}} \,{\rm K}^{{\rm - 1}} \\ \end{array} $$\end{document}.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 955-956 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 93-93 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2010-11-25
    Description: This paper presents an analysis of the recent tropospheric molecular hydrogen (H2) budget with a particular focus on soil uptake and surface emissions. A variational inversion scheme is combined with observations from the RAMCES and EUROHYDROS atmospheric networks, which include continuous measurements performed between mid-2006 and mid-2009. Net H2 surface flux, soil uptake distinct from surface emissions and finally, soil uptake, biomass burning, anthropogenic emissions and N2 fixation-related emissions separately were inverted in several scenarios. The various inversions generate an estimate for each term of the H2 budget. The net H2 flux per region (High Northern Hemisphere, Tropics and High Southern Hemisphere) varies between −8 and 8 Tg yr−1. The best inversion in terms of fit to the observations combines updated prior surface emissions and a soil deposition velocity map that is based on soil uptake measurements. Our estimate of global H2 soil uptake is −59 ± 4.0 Tg yr−1. Forty per cent of this uptake is located in the High Northern Hemisphere and 55% is located in the Tropics. In terms of surface emissions, seasonality is mainly driven by biomass burning emissions. The inferred European anthropogenic emissions are consistent with independent H2 emissions estimated using a H2/CO mass ratio of 0.034 and CO emissions considering their respective uncertainties. To constrain a more robust partition of H2 sources and sinks would need additional constraints, such as isotopic measurements.
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-08-01
    Description: Measurements of the mole fraction of the CO2 and its isotopes were performed in Paris during the MEGAPOLI winter campaign (January–February 2010). Radiocarbon (14CO2) measurements were used to identify the relative contributions of 77% CO2 from fossil fuel consumption (CO2ff from liquid and gas combustion) and 23% from biospheric CO2 (CO2 from the use of biofuels and from human and plant respiration: CO2bio). These percentages correspond to average mole fractions of 26.4 ppm and 8.2 ppm for CO2ff and CO2bio, respectively. The 13CO2 analysis indicated that gas and liquid fuel contributed 70% and 30%, respectively, of the CO2 emission from fossil fuel use. Continuous measurements of CO and NOx and the ratios CO/CO2ff and NOx/CO2ff derived from radiocarbon measurements during four days make it possible to estimate the fossil fuel CO2 contribution over the entire campaign. The ratios CO/CO2ff and NOx/CO2ff are functions of air mass origin and exhibited daily ranges of 7.9 to 14.5 ppb ppm−1 and 1.1 to 4.3 ppb ppm−1, respectively. These ratios are consistent with different emission inventories given the uncertainties of the different approaches. By using both tracers to derive the fossil fuel CO2, we observed similar diurnal cycles with two maxima during rush hour traffic.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-03-20
    Description: Three years of greenhouse gases measurements, obtained using a gas chromatograph (GC) system located at the Puy de Dôme station at 1465 m a.s.l. in Central France are presented. The GC system was installed in 2010 at Puy de Dôme and was designed for automatic and accurate semi-continuous measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and sulfur hexafluoride mole fractions. We present in detail the instrumental set up and the calibration strategy, which together allow the GC to reach repeatabilities of 0.1 μmol mol−1, 1.2, 0.3 nmol mol−1 and 0.06 pmol mol−1 for CO2, CH4, N2O and SF6, respectively. Comparisons of the atmospheric time series with those obtained using other instruments shown that the GC system meets the World Meteorological Organization recommendations. The analysis of the three-year atmospheric time series revealed how the planetary boundary layer height drives the mole fractions observed at a mountain site such as Puy de Dôme where air masses alternate between the planetary boundary layer and the free troposphere. Accurate long-lived greenhouse gases measurements collocated with 222Rn measurements as an atmospheric tracer, allowed us to determine the CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions in the catchment area of the station. The derived CO2 surface flux revealed a clear seasonal cycle with net uptake by plant assimilation in the spring and net emission caused by the biosphere and burning of fossil fuel during the remainder of the year. We calculated a mean annual CO2 flux of 1150 t(CO2) km−2. The derived CH4 and N2O emissions in the station catchment area were 5.6 t(CH4) km−2 yr−1 and 1.5 t(N2O) km−2 yr−1, respectively. Our derived annual CH4 flux is in agreement with the national French inventory, whereas our derived N2O flux is five times larger than the same inventory.
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-03-19
    Description: This study presents two methods for estimating methane emissions from a waste water treatment plant (WWTP) along with results from a measurement campaign at a WWTP in Valence, France. These methods, chamber measurements and tracer release, rely on Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) instruments. We show that the tracer release method is suitable to quantify facility- and some process-scale emissions, while the chamber measurements, provide insight into individual process emissions. Uncertainties for the two methods are described and discussed. Applying the methods to CH4 emissions of the WWTP, we confirm that the open basins are not a major source of CH4 on the WWTP (about 10% of the total emissions), but that the pretreatment and sludge treatment are the main emitters. Overall, the waste water treatment plant represents a small part (about 1.5%) of the methane emissions of the city of Valence and its surroundings, which is lower than the national inventories.
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8610
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2011-04-20
    Description: The recent increase of atmospheric methane is investigated by using two atmospheric inversions to quantify the distribution of sources and sinks for the 2006–2008 period, and a process-based model of methane emissions by natural wetland ecosystems. Methane emissions derived from the two inversions are consistent at a global scale: emissions are decreased in 2006 (−7 Tg) and increased in 2007 (+21 Tg) and 2008 (+18 Tg), as compared to the 1999–2006 period. The agreement on the latitudinal partition of the flux anomalies for the two inversions is fair in 2006, good in 2007, and not good in 2008. In 2007, a positive anomaly of tropical emissions is found to be the main contributor to the global emission anomalies (~60–80%) for both inversions, with a dominant share attributed to natural wetlands (~2/3), and a significant contribution from high latitudes (~25%). The wetland ecosystem model produces smaller and more balanced positive emission anomalies between the tropics and the high latitudes for 2006, 2007 and 2008, mainly due to precipitation changes during these years. At a global scale, the agreement between the ecosystem model and the inversions is good in 2008 but not satisfying in 2006 and 2007. Tropical South America and Boreal Eurasia appear to be major contributors to variations in methane emissions consistently in the inversions and the ecosystem model. Finally, changes in OH radicals during 2006–2008 are found to be less than 1% in inversions, with only a small impact on the inferred methane emissions.
    Print ISSN: 1680-7316
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7324
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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