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  • 2010-2014  (7)
  • 1995-1999  (19)
  • 1980-1984  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the IC-ICP-MS determination of iodine species with reference to sample digestion procedures (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 359 (1997), S. 371-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The determination of iodine in aqueous solutions suffers from several serious problems, caused by the formation of iodine species, derived from the oxidative pretreatment of biological materials. For the determination of these iodine species an ion chromatograph was coupled with an ICP-mass spectrometer. Because of the possible interconversion of the iodine species depending on the pH-value, different eluent-column combinations were used for acidic or alkaline sample solutions, respectively. Iodide, iodate, and several not identified, presumably organo-iodine species could be separated and detected. Unfortunately, the iodine (I2) itself could not be determined with the method proposed. The reaction products of pretreatment are influenced strongly by the matrix. Mixtures of different iodine containing components are received, dependent on the matrix composition and particularly on the pH-value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050589
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of sulfur release in ETV-ICP-AES and its application for the determination of sulfates (1998)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 361 (1998), S. 34-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry was applied to the determination of sulfur species in aqueous solutions. The sensitivity for sulfur as sulfate was found to be depending on the cations in the sample. For understanding this phenomenon the thermal behavior of sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate and the sulfates of sodium, zinc, magnesium and silver was studied. There were significant differences in the thermal release of sulfur from these sulfates. To explain these phenomena different reaction mechanisms were calculated using thermodynamic data. Pd(NO3)2 and Ge in KOH were successfully applied as modifiers for the stabilization of the sulfates during the thermal pre-treatment step and to establish a uniform thermal behavior of different sulfates. The stabilization of sulfur using Ge and Pd as modifiers is based on the reduction of the sulfates in presence of carbon, resulting in the formation of GeS and PdS, respectively. This explanation has been supported by comparing the experimental results with thermodynamic calculations considering different reactions for the thermal decomposition of the sulfates. Applying Ge (in KOH) as modifier the absolute detection limit was 300 pg sulfur (e.g. LOD 30 ng mL–1). The significant influence of phosphates on the determination of sulfur could be essentially reduced by Pd as modifier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050830
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size and phase fractionation of water components by membrane filtration Distribution patterns for arsenic, iron and manganese in aqueous effluents of tin ore settling plant (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 359 (1997), S. 161-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The possibility of on-line membrane size-fractionation of water components and simultaneous separation of particulate and dissolved matter at each filtration stage has been shown. The distribution patterns have been studied for As, Fe and Mn in effluent samples of tin ore tailings (Altenberg, Saxony, Germany). The seepage composition is characterized by high concentrations of Fe and As. The particulate and dissolved components were separated in five fractions between 0.025 and 8 μm. It was suggested that the distribution patterns of As and Fe compounds depend on the chemical conditions at the sampling sites. Manganese exists mainly in solvated forms in the liquid fractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050554
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An investigation of different modifiers in electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS) (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 359 (1997), S. 465-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The suitability of eleven modifiers (Pd-, Mg-, K-, Ca- and NH4-salts) for electrothermal vaporization coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS) for the determination of Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb has been studied. Solutions containing varying quantities (10–2000 ng absolute) of these salts have been added to four different amounts of analyte to study their suitability as modifier and their mass dependent influence. The best sensitivity enhancement for all elements tested was achieved with IrCl3 and PdCl2. From a comparison of the effect of PdCl2 vs. Pd(NO3)2 it could be concluded that the mechanism of matrix modification also depends on the chemical form of the modifier. Particularly, for the volatile elements Cd and Zn differences in the behavior of the different chemical compounds of one metal (e.g. Pd) is evident, which shows that the enhancement effect is a result of the stabilization of the analytes in the graphite tube prior to vaporization and the improvement of the transport efficiency after vaporization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050613
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preconcentration and determination of Sn- and Pb-organic species in environmental samples by SPME and GC-AED (1996)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 354 (1996), S. 587-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new sample preparation and preconcentration technique – solid phase microextraction (SPME) – is reported for the application of several tinorganic compounds and tetrabutyllead in aqueous samples. The solvent-free procedure is rapid in comparison with liquid-liquid extraction or SFE but also sensitive. Analytical variables of the extraction such as adsorption and desorption time, stirring rate and temperature has been investigated. The determination has been performed by GC coupled with atomic emission detection (AED). After optimization of the conditions of SPME a calibration was realized on the basis of a multicomponent standard solution, prepared by ethylation of organotin salts directly in the sample using sodium tetraethylborate (NaBEt4) without prior separation of the analytes from the matrix. The method permits preconcentration. Values of about 10 can be reached. A detection limit of 0.09 pg Sn and 0.08 pg Pb can be achieved under optimized conditions. The proposed procedure has been successfully applied to the analysis of organotin compounds in various slurry samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0021663540587
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Speciation analysis of arsenic and selenium compounds by capillary electrophoresis (1996)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 354 (1996), S. 535-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract High-performance capillary electrophoresis is applied to the separation of different inorganic and organic arsenic and selenium compounds. In comparison with UV-detection, an approach with conductivity detection is described expecting higher sensitivity and universality. In this case the capillary was statically modified with CTAB before the electromigration procedure. The separation was performed with an electrolyte system consisting of CHES and Triton X-100. Detection limits of 0.06 mg/L or lower were obtained for As(V) and Se(VI). Water samples of an arsenic-polluted tailing of tin mining processes were analysed for anions as well as arsenic and selenium species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0021663540535
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of traces of heavy metals (Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in microsamples of teeth material by ETV-ICP-MS (1996)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 354 (1996), S. 633-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Heavy metal levels in tooth compartments would appear to be a suitable indicator of long-term exposure. A method has been developed to assess the heavy metal levels (Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in tooth compartments like dentin and enamel. For the simultaneous determination of these elements in small dentin sample amounts (in some cases less than 1 mg) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with electrothermal vaporization was the method of choice. Sample preparation, method development and first results of the application of the method for the analysis of tooth compartments have been described. Variation in the elemental concentrations depending on the kind of tooth and the sampling position have been observed. The method is useful for epidemiological studies of the heavy metal exposure of children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0021663540633
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of nonmetals using ICP-AES-techniques (1995)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 352 (1995), S. 461-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The determination of iodine, bromine, sulphur and phosphorus using different modes of sampling in ICP-AES is described. Detection limits in the range of some 10 μgL−1 have been obtained using directly aqueous solutions with pneumatic nebulization. The influence of several anions and metals has been investigated. The addition of methanol and ethanol have improved sensitivities but decreased signal-to-background ratios and detection limits due to extended blank values and increased standard deviations. Using ultrasonic nebulization the sensitivities and the detection limits could be enhanced for these elements in aqueous solutions, but a significant decrease in sensitivity has been observed using additives as methanol or ethanol. By coupling of pneumatic nebulization and gas generation of iodine by addition of oxidizing agents, the detection limits of iodine could be improved to 6 ngL−1 at the 178.28 nm line. Electrothermal vaporization has sucessfully been applied for microsampling of nonmetals and ICP-AES determination. Using aqueous solutions without any modifier the following absolute detection limits at the S (180.73 nm), P (178.27 nm), I (178.28 nm) and Br (163.34 nm) lines have been obtained: 0.25 ng of S, 0.44 ng of P, 0.36 ng of I and 43 ng of Br.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323367
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  • 9
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    An investigation of different modifiers in electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS) (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-10-13
    Print ISSN: 0937-0633
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1130
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Determination of nonmetals using ICP-AES-techniques (1995)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0937-0633
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1130
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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