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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of molybdenum-aluminum interdiffusion kinetics and contact resistance for VLSI applications (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 58 (1985), S. 4598-4604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Interdiffusion barrier characteristics of molybdenum thin film with aluminum-1% Si is studied between 733 and 763 K via sheet and contact resistance measurements, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and x-ray diffraction analysis. The results indicate that thermal annealing of Mo/Al-1% Si thin film couples leads to MoAl12 compound formation initially as a nonplanar front, but extensive annealing results in complete transformation of Al-1% Si to MoAl12 and a significant increase in contact resistance. The interdiffusion kinetics is diffusion controlled and shows parabolic time dependence, incubation periods, and extremely high activation energy value of 5.9 eV. The incubation periods and an high activation energy values are explained by the presence of silicon precipitates at the Mo/Al-1% Si interface. Implications of these observations to VLSI device characteristics are discussed and a safe time-temperature processing regime is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.336227
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    6-(3,5-Di-O-acetyl-β-D-2-deoxyribofuranosyl)-3,4-dihydro-8H-pyrimido[4,5-c][1,2]oxazin-7(6H)-one (1995)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 1347-1350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270195000096
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Re-dating the English art-historical tree-ring chronologies (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 315 (1985), S. 317-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In 1975, information on cold winters in the fifteenth century was derived from a section of art-historical oak tree-ring chronology, MC18, dated13 to AD 1234-1550. This section of chronology had originally been designated4 to the years 1230-1546 and subsequently reference chronologies related to MC ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/315317a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stomatal resistance of three potato cultivars as influenced by soil water status, humidity and irradiance (1997)
    Springer
    Potato research 40 (1997), S. 47-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: minimum stomatal resistance ; soil water ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; photosynthetic photon flux density ; vapour pressure deficit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Leaf stomatal resistance varies considerably in response to changes in environmental conditions. Understanding cultivar differences in the response of stomata to these conditions is important for effectively simulating water-use and growth. In this study the stomatal resistance of three field grown potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars Atlantic. Monona and Norchip was observed in response to photosynthetic photon flux density, leaf to air vapour pressure difference and root zone available soil water. Substantial variation in stomatal resistance was accounted for by functions of the environmental variables for both Monona and Norchip. The explained variation for Atlantic was considerably less. Light saturation occurred near 500 μmol m−2 s−1. Increasing stomatal resistance above 1000 μmol m−2s−1 was also observed but is likely an artifact of stomatal closure on days in which mid-day leaf water potentials dropped below critical levels. Although the leaf presumably insufficient to obtain substantial effects. The soil water status was partially linked to the average 1000 h to 1500 h stomatal resistance on clear, sunny days. Significant differences were observed among the cultivars in the response of stomata to changes in the available soil water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02407561
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interaction of shock waves in cylindrical structures (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Plant/Operations Progress 6 (1987), S. 52-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0278-4513
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental investigation into the validity and use of the hydraulic jump analogy for studying the interaction of shock waves in air with cylindrical structures.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prsb.720060113
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimating potato leaf area index for specific cultivars (1997)
    Springer
    Potato research 40 (1997), S. 251-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: LAI ; canopy expansion ; radiation use efficiency ; Solanum tuberosum L. ; soil water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The growth and duration of crop leaf area determines the amount of solar radiation intercepted by the canopy and therefore influences the extent of photosynthesis, evaporation, transpiration and final dry matter yield. The objective of this study was to develop cultivar specific relationships to estimate the daily leaf area index (LAI) for the potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.) that included the effects of available soil water. The model is divided into three LAI growth stages, the durations of which are partially related to potato heat units (PHU). The LAI in the first stage is estimated from a cultivar specific leaf area-based radiation use efficiency index with a soil water reduction factor. The second stage involves the maintenance of a constant LAI with the duration related to both PHU and a soil water index that can accelerate senescence. The final stage includes a decrease in the LAI from a maximum to zero in response to a cultivar specific PHU accumulation. Model simulations compared favourably with independent LAI measurements obtained with a LI-COR plant canopy analyzer over two seasons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02358007
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verification of sap flow by heat balance method on three potato cultivars (1997)
    Springer
    Potato research 40 (1997), S. 267-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L. ; transpiration estimates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A heat balance method for measuring sap flow in actively growing plants was tested on three potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars Monona, Norchip and Atlantic. The method is based on applying a known heat source to the stem of an intact plant: by measuring the axial and radial heat dissipation the magnitude of sap flow can be quantified. The technique shows promise as 24 h accumulated sap flow measurements were highly correlated (r2=0.935, n=36) with gravimetric measurements of transpiration and produced an average root mean square error (RMSE) of 20 g d−1. The accuracy of the method improved as daily accumulated flow increased. Under low daily flow rates overall RMSE increased, supporting the need for a heat storage term in the heat balance equation. Short term flow rates were less significantly correlated (r2=0.764, n=1572) and produced an average RMSE of 2.89 g h−1. Identification of these short term flow rates during high flow periods may be difficult. The presence of water potential gradients and the likelihood of re-hydration during high flow events may have also affected the short term performance of the method. At low flow rates, many different errors may be introduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02358008
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  • 8
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    An assessment of potato sap flow as affected by soil water status, solar radiation and vapour pressure deficit (1999)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-01
    Description: Water-use of three field-grown potato cultivars (Atlantic, Monona and Norchip) was examined using a commercially available sap flow monitoring system over three consecutive growing seasons. The objectives of the investigation were to utilize the sap flow system to assess the water use of three field-grown potato cultivars. This included an assessment of the relationship between environmental conditions, water status and measured sap flow including the plant-to-plant variation in sap flow and an evaluation of relative transpiration in relation to the soil water status.Each cultivar maintained daily sap flow close to the atmospheric potential transpiration until approximately 70% of the available water was depleted. Under conditions where the soil was drier (〉70% depleted), Monona potato plants exhibited a more rapid decline in transpiration than Norchip and Atlantic.Hourly sap flow rates were closely related to solar irradiance, especially under well-watered conditions, with no apparent light saturation point. Vapour pressure deficit effects on sap flow were less pronounced, although maximum vapour pressure deficits encountered were only 2 kPa. Key words: Water use, sap flow, transpiration, potato
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 9
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    Evaluation of a cultivar-sensitive soil water model for the potato crop (1996)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-08-01
    Description: A modified version of the irrigation scheduling model SimISP (Simulating Irrigation Scheduling in Potatoes) was evaluated in terms of its ability to simulate the potato crop root zone soil water content through the growing season. The model uses daily radiation, temperature, humidity, windspeed, precipitation and seasonal crop and soil parameter inputs to estimate evaporation, transpiration, canopy expansion and dry matter accumulation. Recent cultivar-specific characteristics incorporated into the model allow for more precise simulations between cultivars.Simulations were conducted for rainfed, irrigated and artificial shelter-imposed stress conditions during four growing seasons on two soil types in Colchester County, Nova Scotia. Generally strong agreement between simulations and field measured (TDR) available soil water content in the top 15 cm of the soil profile was achieved with an average error within ± 4.7 mm and a relative error within ± 0.26. Larger errors were obtained for the 15- to 30-cm soil layer with average errors within ± 7.3 mm and the relative error within ± 0.52. Differences between model simulations and field measurements indicate the need for an improved root growth sub-model that is soil water sensitive and more precise estimates of soil water recharge after rain. Key words:Solanum tuberosum L., SimISP, simulation model
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 10
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    Direct molybdenum contacts to silicon (1985)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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