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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved management of Vertisols in the semiarid tropics for increased productivity and soil carbon sequestration (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 19 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that an improved system of catchment management in combination with appropriate cropping practices can sustain increased crop production and improve soil quality of Vertisols, compared with prevailing traditional farming practices. Initiated in 1976, the improved system consisted of integrated land management to conserve soil and water, with excess rainwater being removed in a controlled manner. This was combined with improved crop rotation (legume based) and integrated nutrient management. In the traditional system, sorghum or chickpea was grown in the post-rainy season with organic fertilizers, and in the rainy season the field was maintained as a cultivated fallow. The average grain yield of the improved system over 24 years was 4.7 t ha−1 yr−1, nearly a five-fold increase over the traditional system (about 1 t ha−1 yr−1). There was also evidence of increased organic C, total N and P, available N, P and K, microbial biomass C and N in the soil of the improved system. A positive relationship between soil available P and soil organic C suggested that application of P to Vertisols increased carbon sequestration by 7.4 t C ha−1 and, in turn, the productivity of the legume-based system, thus ultimately enhancing soil quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2003.tb00307.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variability for seed oil content and seed index in some wild species and perennial races of cotton (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A 3-year study was made on genetic variability of seed oil content and seed index with 20 wild species, two cultivated species and six perennial races of Gossypium arboreum cotton maintained at the Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, India. The mean seed oil content varied from 10.26 to 22.89% in 22 species of Gossypium and six races of G. arboreum. In this material the weight of delinted seed varied from 43.33 to 54.54 mg/seed. The highest seed oil content was recorded in the species G. lobatum followed by G. harknessii. On average, for both traits, the means were higher for G. arboreum and its races. However, G. africanum and G. harknessii reached the level of G. arboreum and its races for seed weight, while five wild species surpassed the best races and G. arboreum in seed oil content, among them was G. harknessii. To breed simultaneously for seed oil content and seed weight, crosses between races of G. arboreum and wild species of Gossypium seem to be promising.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00914.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeability of periodic arrays of cylinders for viscoelastic flows (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 14 (2002), S. 2578-2581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this paper we numerically investigate the motion of viscoelastic liquids passing through two-dimensional periodic arrays of cylindrical particles using the finite element method. The viscoelastic liquid is modeled by the Chilcott–Rallison version of the finitely extensible, nonlinear elastic (FENE) dumbbell model. The permeability and the viscoelastic stress distribution are studied as functions of the dimensionless relaxation time De and the dimensionless wave number kD, where k=2π/λ is the wave number, λ is the distance between the particles in the flow direction and D is the cylinder diameter. The porosity and D are held fixed. Our simulations show that for a fixed value of De the viscoelastic permeability increases with kD, but, as is the case for Newtonian fluid [Alcocer, Kumar, and Singh, Phys. Rev. E 59, 711 (1999)], this increase is not monotonic. The permeability decreases between kD(approximate)5.0, where it is locally maximum, and kD(approximate)7.7, where it is locally minimum. The difference between the locally maximum and minimum values of permeability increases with increasing De. When De=O(1) the locally minimum value of the permeability is ∼40% smaller than the value at the local maximum. This implies that a substantial change in permeability can be achieved by changing the distance between the particles in the flow direction while keeping De, D, and porosity fixed. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1483301
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of signal modulated optical illumination on the Schrödinger wave function in a quantum well in a modulation doped field effect transistor and related device characteristics (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 4325-4333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of signal modulated optical radiation on the Schrödinger wave function has been studied in a quantum well in a n-AlGaAs/GaAs modulation doped field effect transistor (MODFET) and related device characteristics. Partial depletion of the active region of the modulation doped field effect transistor has been considered. At the heterojunction interface two different models for the quantum well has been assumed: (1) a triangular potential well and (2) a modified triangular potential well of finite depth. From the knowledge of frequency dependent Schrödinger wave function sheet concentration of the two-dimensional electron gas, the drain-source current of the MODFET and the transfer characteristics as a function of signal frequency have been evaluated. The frequency dependent current–voltage characteristics are compared with the published theoretical results since no experimental data are available on similar studies. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1287223
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Isomers of Hexachlorocyclohexane on N2O Production in Nonflooded and Flooded Soil, Unamended or Amended with Urea (2000)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 65 (2000), S. 803-810 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0012800193
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fission fragment anisotropies for 19F +209Bi system (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 7 (2000), S. 59-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS: 25.70.Jj Fusion and fusion-fission reactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The fission fragment angular distributions have been measured for the system 19F +209Bi over a range of bombarding energies from 88.0 MeV to 125.6 MeV. The measured fission fragment anisotropies are in agreement with the saddle point statistical model calculations in the above energy range. Combining these data with those available for 11B, 12C, 14N, 16O and 18O +209Bi, 208Pb systems, it is concluded that the spherical target plus projectile systems behave “normal” from near- to above – barrier energies. This observation is in contrast to the “anomalous” anisotropies exhibited by the deformed actinide target – projectile systems at near – barrier energies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050012
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal instability of a porous medium with relaxation and inertia in the presence of Hall effects (2000)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 70 (2000), S. 649-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words Hall effect, magnetic field, porous medium, Rivlin–Ericksen fluid, thermal instability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary  The thermal instability of a Rivlin–Ericksen fluid in a porous medium is considered in the presence of a uniform vertical magnetic field to include the effect of Hall currents. For the case of stationary convection, the magnetic field has a stabilizing effect on the system, whereas the Hall current has a destabilizing effect on the system. The medium permeability has both stabilizing and destabilizing effects, depending on the Hall parameter M. The kinematic viscoelasticity has no effect on stationary convection. Graphs have been plotted by giving numerical values to the parameters, to depict the stability characteristics. The magnetic field (and corresponding Hall currents) introduces oscillatory modes in the system, which would be nonexistent in their absence. The sufficient conditions for the nonexistence of overstability are also obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004190000101
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulphurous acid as anodic depolarizer in copper electrowinning Part II (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 30 (2000), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: anode materials ; anodic depolarizer ; current density ; deposit morphology ; electrowinning ; energy reduction ; sulphurous acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The growing interest in the electrowinning of copper has lead to several modifications including anodic reactions proposed to reduce the high energy requirement. The addition of sulphurous acid to a copper sulphate electrolyte has been studied to avoid oxygen evolution at the anode which requires a potential in excess of 2 V. In particular, the effect of different anode materials, concentration of sulphurous acid, current density, copper and sulphuric acid concentrations in the electrolyte have been investigated. Measurements of anode potential, cell voltage, current efficiency and energy consumption during the electrowinning of copper have been made using a diaphragm cell. It was found that graphite and lead coated with Ir–O2 are better electrode materials than lead and DSA anodes and sulphurous acid can be used as anodic depolarizer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003908014531
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Economic analysis of industrial agroforestry: poplar (Populus deltoides) in Uttar Pradesh (India) (2000)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 49 (2000), S. 255-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: commercial plantation ; contract farming ; farm forestry ; land-use system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract To meet raw material requirements, Wimco, the biggest manufacturer of matches in India, has been promoting poplar-based agroforestry through an agroforestry project since 1984 approved by the National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (NABARD) in the northern region of India. This study aims at evaluating the performance of poplar-based agroforestry in terms of income, employment and environmental impact from the farmers' perspective. Poplar-based agroforestry is economically viable and more profitable than many of the crop rotations followed in the study area. This land-use system is also capable of providing employment opportunities on farms. Sensitivity analyses indicate that this system is not highly risky. However, costs charged by Wimco for technical advice substantially reduce the income from poplar plantation. With agroforestry experience, farmers can expect high dividends in subsequent rotations. Life-time matrices developed through group interviews are useful for thorough economic analyses of agroforestry projects, particularly in cases where data over a period of time are not available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006388128069
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diurnal and Seasonal Patterns of Water Potential, Photosynthesis, Evapotranspiration and Water Use Efficiency of Clusterbean (2000)
    Springer
    Photosynthetica 37 (2000), S. 601-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9058
    Keywords: air and leaf temperature ; Cyamopsis tetragonoloba ; photosynthetically active radiation ; water relations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Diurnal patterns of leaf water potential (ΨW), canopy net photosynthetic rate (P N), evapotranspiration rate (E), canopy temperature (Tc), and water use efficiency (WUE) of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub., cv. Desi] were studied at six phenological stages of plant development under field conditions at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The highest P N, E, and WUE were observed at pod initiation stage (61 DAS). Daily maxima of P N were usually between 11:00 to 14:00 h while those of E and WUE between 12:30 and 16:00 h. P N was mainly dependent on photosynthetically active radiation and E on air temperature (Ta) but the relationships varied at different growth stages. WUE declined with the increase in T a. At mid-day, ΨW was highest during pod initiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007127726207
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