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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The amplicon-plus system for high-level expression of transgenes in plants (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature biotechnology 20 (2002), S. 622-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Many biotechnological applications require high-level expression of transgenes in plants. One strategy to achieve this goal was the production of potato virus X (PVX) “amplicon” lines: transgenic lines that encode a replicating RNA virus vector carrying a gene of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0602-622
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RNA viruses as inducers, suppressors and targets of post-transcriptional gene silencing (2000)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 43 (2000), S. 295-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: plant virus ; post-transcriptional gene silencing ; suppressor of gene silencing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is a fundamental regulatory mechanism operating in diverse types of organisms, but the cellular components of the gene silencing machinery and the regulation of the process are not understood. Recent findings that cytoplasmically replicating RNA viruses act as both targets and inducers of PTGS has led to the idea that PTGS may have evolved as an anti-viral defense mechanism in plants. Consistent with this hypothesis, it has been found that certain plant viruses encode proteins that suppress PTGS. From a practical standpoint, an understanding of the mechanisms by which viruses regulate PTGS may well lead to better ways to control gene expression in plants. It is often desirable to overexpress selected beneficial genes or to silence detrimental ones in order to confer a particular phenotype. Induction of PTGS using RNA viruses as vectors or as transgenes provides a reliable and efficient way to interfere with the expression of a specific gene or with a family of genes. Conversely, expression of viral suppressors has significant potential to improve yields in technologies that use plants to express beneficial gene products. Given the antiviral nature of gene silencing in plants and the indications that PTGS is an ancient mechanism in eukaryotic organisms, understanding the phenomenon in plants could well lead to the development of anti-viral strategies in both plants and animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006456000564
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of a pure autologous biodegradable fibrin matrix for tissue engineering (2000)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 38 (2000), S. 686-689 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Tissue engineering ; Autologous fibrinogen ; Thrombin ; Matrix
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Parallel to the growing role of tissue engineering, the need for cell embedding materials, which allow cells to stabilise in a three-dimensional distribution, has increased. Although several substances have been tested, fibrin is thus far the only one that permits the clinical application of cultured tissue. To date, can cause severe immunological side effects. The objective of this study was to explore the practicability of obtaining autologous thrombin from a single patient in an adequate concentration and amount. Fibrinogen was cryoprecipitated from 200 ml of freshly-frozen plasma. Thrombin was isolated from the supernatant through ionexchange chromatography. The thrombin was first bound to Sephadex A-50 and then eluated using 2ml of a salt buffer (2.0M NaCl in 0.015M trisodiumcitrate, pH 7.0). The activity of the thrombin (51 NIH ml−1 to 414 NIH ml−1) reached levels comparable to those in commercially available fibrin glues (4–500 NIH ml−1). The study has shown that it is possible to obtain a sufficient amount of autologous thrombin from a single donor to create a fibrin matrix of high efficiency without the risk of immunological and infectious side effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02344876
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The BRCA2 genetic variant IVS7 + 2T → G is a mutation (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 45 (2000), S. 351-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key wordsBRCA2 ; RNA ; Splice ; Mutation ; Intron ; Cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Biochemical and genetic characterizations that support the conclusion that the variant BRCA2 IVS7 + 2T → G represents a deleterious mutation are presented. RNA analysis from a breast cancer patient with BRCA2 IVS7 + 2T → G showed that the productive message was produced from only one chromosome. A haplotype analysis confirmed that the intronic variant resides on the chromosome that does not produce the normal mRNA. Additionally, an RNA splicing product that deletes exon 7 was produced by the chromosome that carries BRCA2 IVS7 + 2T → G. The deletion of exon 7 from the RNA alters the open reading frame by removing residues 249–287 and incorporating 18 abnormal amino acids before terminating with an opal stop codon. The experimental approach presented produces strong evidence of the presence of a deleterious mutation, because the contribution by both chromosomes to each RNA species analyzed was tracked using a coding region polymorphism as a marker. Furthermore, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotype analysis that confirms the location of the intronic variant and an associated family history that shows a high incidence of cancer supported these biochemical data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100380070007
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  • 5
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    Aerosol Assisted Vapor Synthesis of Spherical Boron Nitride Powders (2000)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0897-4756
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 6
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    A draft sequence of the rice genome (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-04-06
    Description: The genome of the japonica subspecies of rice, an important cereal and model monocot, was sequenced and assembled by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. The assembled sequence covers 93% of the 420-megabase genome. Gene predictions on the assembled sequence suggest that the genome contains 32,000 to 50,000 genes. Homologs of 98% of the known maize, wheat, and barley proteins are found in rice. Synteny and gene homology between rice and the other cereal genomes are extensive, whereas synteny with Arabidopsis is limited. Assignment of candidate rice orthologs to Arabidopsis genes is possible in many cases. The rice genome sequence provides a foundation for the improvement of cereals, our most important crops.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goff, Stephen A -- Ricke, Darrell -- Lan, Tien-Hung -- Presting, Gernot -- Wang, Ronglin -- Dunn, Molly -- Glazebrook, Jane -- Sessions, Allen -- Oeller, Paul -- Varma, Hemant -- Hadley, David -- Hutchison, Don -- Martin, Chris -- Katagiri, Fumiaki -- Lange, B Markus -- Moughamer, Todd -- Xia, Yu -- Budworth, Paul -- Zhong, Jingping -- Miguel, Trini -- Paszkowski, Uta -- Zhang, Shiping -- Colbert, Michelle -- Sun, Wei-lin -- Chen, Lili -- Cooper, Bret -- Park, Sylvia -- Wood, Todd Charles -- Mao, Long -- Quail, Peter -- Wing, Rod -- Dean, Ralph -- Yu, Yeisoo -- Zharkikh, Andrey -- Shen, Richard -- Sahasrabudhe, Sudhir -- Thomas, Alun -- Cannings, Rob -- Gutin, Alexander -- Pruss, Dmitry -- Reid, Julia -- Tavtigian, Sean -- Mitchell, Jeff -- Eldredge, Glenn -- Scholl, Terri -- Miller, Rose Mary -- Bhatnagar, Satish -- Adey, Nils -- Rubano, Todd -- Tusneem, Nadeem -- Robinson, Rosann -- Feldhaus, Jane -- Macalma, Teresita -- Oliphant, Arnold -- Briggs, Steven -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 5;296(5565):92-100.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Torrey Mesa Research Institute, Syngenta, 3115 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. stephen.goff@syngenta.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11935018" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Computational Biology ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA, Plant/genetics ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Edible Grain/genetics ; Gene Duplication ; Genes, Plant ; *Genome, Plant ; Genomics ; Oryza/*genetics/metabolism/physiology ; Phosphate Transport Proteins/genetics ; Plant Diseases ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Plant Structures/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Software ; Synteny ; Transcription Factors/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    A calmodulin-related protein that suppresses posttranscriptional gene silencing in plants (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-06
    Description: Posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is an ancient eukaryotic regulatory mechanism in which a particular RNA sequence is targeted and destroyed. The helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) of plant potyviruses suppresses PTGS in plants. Using a yeast two-hybrid system, we identified a calmodulin-related protein (termed rgs-CaM) that interacts with HC-Pro. Here we report that rgs-CaM, like HC-Pro itself, suppresses gene silencing. Our work is the first report identifying a cellular suppressor of PTGS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anandalakshmi, R -- Marathe, R -- Ge, X -- Herr, J M Jr -- Mau, C -- Mallory, A -- Pruss, G -- Bowman, L -- Vance, V B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 6;290(5489):142-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11021800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens/genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/*metabolism ; *Gene Silencing ; Genes, Plant ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Luminescent Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Plant Tumors/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; *Plants, Toxic ; Plasmids ; Potexvirus/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Plant/genetics/metabolism ; Tobacco/*genetics/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transgenes ; Viral Proteins/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Whole-genome shotgun assembly and analysis of the genome of Fugu rubripes (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-07-27
    Description: The compact genome of Fugu rubripes has been sequenced to over 95% coverage, and more than 80% of the assembly is in multigene-sized scaffolds. In this 365-megabase vertebrate genome, repetitive DNA accounts for less than one-sixth of the sequence, and gene loci occupy about one-third of the genome. As with the human genome, gene loci are not evenly distributed, but are clustered into sparse and dense regions. Some "giant" genes were observed that had average coding sequence sizes but were spread over genomic lengths significantly larger than those of their human orthologs. Although three-quarters of predicted human proteins have a strong match to Fugu, approximately a quarter of the human proteins had highly diverged from or had no pufferfish homologs, highlighting the extent of protein evolution in the 450 million years since teleosts and mammals diverged. Conserved linkages between Fugu and human genes indicate the preservation of chromosomal segments from the common vertebrate ancestor, but with considerable scrambling of gene order.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aparicio, Samuel -- Chapman, Jarrod -- Stupka, Elia -- Putnam, Nik -- Chia, Jer-Ming -- Dehal, Paramvir -- Christoffels, Alan -- Rash, Sam -- Hoon, Shawn -- Smit, Arian -- Gelpke, Maarten D Sollewijn -- Roach, Jared -- Oh, Tania -- Ho, Isaac Y -- Wong, Marie -- Detter, Chris -- Verhoef, Frans -- Predki, Paul -- Tay, Alice -- Lucas, Susan -- Richardson, Paul -- Smith, Sarah F -- Clark, Melody S -- Edwards, Yvonne J K -- Doggett, Norman -- Zharkikh, Andrey -- Tavtigian, Sean V -- Pruss, Dmitry -- Barnstead, Mary -- Evans, Cheryl -- Baden, Holly -- Powell, Justin -- Glusman, Gustavo -- Rowen, Lee -- Hood, Leroy -- Tan, Y H -- Elgar, Greg -- Hawkins, Trevor -- Venkatesh, Byrappa -- Rokhsar, Daniel -- Brenner, Sydney -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 23;297(5585):1301-10. Epub 2002 Jul 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 30 Medical Drive, Singapore 117609. saa1000@cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12142439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Computational Biology ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Evolution, Molecular ; Exons ; Fish Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Gene Duplication ; Gene Order ; *Genome ; *Genome, Human ; Genomics ; Humans ; Introns ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Proteome ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Synteny ; Takifugu/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    The BRCA2 genetic variant IVS7 + 2T → G is a mutation (2000)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-11-01
    Print ISSN: 1434-5161
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-232X
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 10
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    The amplicon-plus system for high-level expression of transgenes in plants (2002)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-01
    Print ISSN: 1087-0156
    Electronic ISSN: 1546-1696
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer Nature
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