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Inheritance of high palmitic acid content in the sunflower mutant CAS-12 and its relationship with high oleic content (2002)

Pérez-Vich, B. ; Garcés, R. ; Fernández-Martínez, J. M.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0

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ISSN: 1439-0523

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: CAS-12 is a sunflower mutant with increased levels of palmitic (C16: 0 = 30%) and oleic (C18: 1 = 55%) acids in its seed oil, hence it has a reduced linoleic acid content (C18: 2 〈 5%). This study was conducted to determine the inheritance of high C16: 0 content and its relationship with high C18: 1 content in CAS-12. Reciprocal crosses involving CAS-12, CAS-5 (high C16: 0 content), HAOL-9 (high C18: 1 content) and HA-89 (standard fatty acid profile) were made. The F1, F2 and BC1F1 generations were obtained. The genetic control of the high C16: 0 trait in CAS-12 was partially recessive and gametophytic. In all cases, this character segregated in the ratio 19: 38: 7 (low: intermediate: high C16: 0 content) in the F2 generation. These results, together with the lack of segregation for C16: 0 content in crosses between CAS-12 and CAS-5, indicated that the genetic control of the high C16: 0 trait in CAS-12 was similar to that in CAS-5 in being controlled by partially recessive alleles (p1, p2, and p3) at three loci. Crosses between HA-89 and CAS-12, and HAOL-9 and CAS-5 (segregating for C16: 0 and C18: 1) demonstrated that the high C16: 0 and the high C18: 1 traits were independently inherited. However, C18: 1 segregation in these crosses exhibited reversal of dominance. Apparently, the low C18: 1 parental lines carried modifier genes causing the deviation.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00655.x

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Novel variation for the tocopherol profile in a sunflower created by mutagenesis and recombination (2004)

Velasco, L. ; Pérez-Vich, B. ; Fernández-Martínez, J. M.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0

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ISSN: 1439-0523

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: α-Tocopherol is the main tocopherol in sunflower seeds (〉90%). Because it exerts a weak antioxidant action in vitro, its partial replacement by other tocopherols is an important breeding objective in this crop. The objective of this research was to develop novel tocopherol profiles in sunflower through mutagenesis and genetic recombination. Seeds of four ‘Peredovik’ accessions were used for chemical mutagenesis with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). Single-seed screening in the M2 generation resulted in two M2 seeds, derived from different M1 plants, with increased γ-tocopherol contents of 19.2% and 96.7%, respectively. M3 progeny from the M2 seed with the 96.7% content bred true for high c-tocopherol content, containing more than 90%γ-tocopherol. M3 progeny from the M2 seed with only 19.2%γ-tocopherol segregated in a range from 0 to 84.6%. Selection for high c-tocopherol content produced an M4:5 line, designated IAST-1, with a stable high concentration of γ-tocopherol. Crosses between IAST-1 and T589, with an increased b-tocopherol content, produced F2 segregants with trans-gressive levels of up to 77%β-tocopherol or up to 68% d-tocopherol. Both novel tocopherol profiles were confirmed in the F3 generation.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01012.x

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Inheritance of reduced plant height in the sunflower line Dw 89 (2003)

Velasco, L. ; Pérez-Vich, B. ; Muñoz-Ruz, J. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Plant breeding 122 (2003), S. 0

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ISSN: 1439-0523

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: The objective of the present research was to study the inheritance of reduced plant height in the sunflower line Dw 89. Plants of the cytoplasmic male sterile version of this line, cmsDw 89 (mean plant height of 47.4 cm) were crossed with plants of the restorer line RHA 271 (mean of 120.9 cm). F1 plants averaged 120.4 cm, which indicated dominance of standard over reduced plant height. F2 plants followed a segregation pattern of 1 : 15 (reduced : normal height), suggesting that reduced plant height in Dw 89 is controlled by alleles at two loci, designated Dw1 and Dw2. Class assignment in the F2 was confirmed through the evaluation of the F3 generation. Backcrosses to Dw 89 segregated with 1 : 3 (reduced : normal height) ratios, which confirmed the digenic inheritance of the trait. The evaluation of plant height distributions in F3 families suggested possible genetic interaction between the Dw1 and Dw2 loci.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00881.x

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Inheritance of plant height in the dwarf mutant ‘Enana’ of safflower (2000)

Velasco, L. ; Pérez-Vich, B. ; Muñoz-Ruz, J. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0

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ISSN: 1439-0523

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: The dwarf safflower mutant ‘Enana’ has been developed from the cultivar ‘Rancho’ by chemical mutagenesis. The objective of the present research was to study the inheritance of plant height in crosses between ‘Enana’ and ‘Rancho’. Plants of both lines were reciprocally crossed and the F1, F2 and F3 generations were obtained. The evaluation of plant height in the F2 generation suggested the presence of a single locus controlling this trait. This was confirmed after the evaluation of 164 F2:3 lines, which revealed an F2 segregation fitting a 1:2:1 (dwarf: intermediate: standard) ratio. The locus was designated Dw. As the mutated allele was partly dominant over the wild-type allele, the proposed genotype for ‘Rancho’ was dw dw, whereas that for ‘Enana’ was Dw Dw. Furthermore, a partial cytoplasmic effect on plant height was detected, with the heterozygote Dw dw being about 6 cm taller when ‘Rancho’ was used as female.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00534.x

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5

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Epistatic interaction among loci controlling the palmitic and the stearic acid levels in the seed oil of sunflower (2000)

Pérez-Vich, B. ; Garcés, R. ; Fernández-Martínez, J. M.

Springer

Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 105-111

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ISSN: 1432-2242

Keywords: Key words Sunflower ; Helianthus annuus ; High palmitic acid ; High stearic acid ; Epistatic interaction ; Inheritance ; Oil quality

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Two sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) mutants with high concentrations of saturated fatty acids in their seed oil have been identified and studied extensively. The mutant line CAS-5 has high concentrations of palmitic acid (C16:0) (〉25% compared with 7% in standard sunflower seed oil) and low-C18:0 values (3%). CAS-3 is characterized by its high levels of stearic acid (C18:0) (〉22% compared with 4% in standard sunflower seed oil) and a low-C16:0 content (5%). CAS-5 also possesses elevated levels of palmitoleic acid (C16:1) (〉5%), which is absent in standard sunflower seed oil. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between the loci controlling the high-C16:0 and the high-C18:0 traits in these mutants. Plants of both mutants were reciprocally crossed. Gas chromatographic analyses of fatty acids from the seed oil of F1, F2, F3 and the BC1F1 to CAS-5 generations indicated that the loci controlling the high-C16:0 trait exerted an epistatic effect over the loci responsible for the high-C18:0 character. As a result, the phenotypic combination containing both the high-C16:0 levels of CAS-5 and the high-C18:0 levels of CAS-3 was not possible. However, phenotypes with a saturated fatty acid content of 44% (34.5% C16:0+9.5% C18:0) were identified in the F3 generation. These are the highest saturated (C16:0 and C18:0) levels reported so far in sunflower seed oil. When F3 C16:0 segregating generations in both a high- and a low-C18:0 background were compared, the high-C16:1 levels were not expressed as expected in the high-C18:0 background (CAS-3 background). In this case, the C16:1 content decreased to values below 1.5%, compared with 〉5% in a low-C18:0 background. As the stearoyl-ACP desaturase has been reported to catalyze the desaturation from C16:0-ACP to C16:1-ACP, these results suggested that a decrease in its activity was involved in the accumulation of C18:0 in the high-C18:0 mutant CAS-3.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050015

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