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  • 2000-2004  (705)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Study on an Evaluation Method for Form Deviations of 2D Contours from Coordinate Measurement (2000)
    Springer
    The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology 16 (2000), S. 413-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3015
    Keywords: Keywords:Computer-aided inspection; Coordinate measurement; Form deviation evaluation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A practical approach towards evaluating form deviations of 2D complex contour profiles from the coordinate measurement data of discrete points is proposed. In this approach, a 2D complex contour is represented approximately by the combination of straight line and circular arc segments under the condition of satisfying the prespecified interpolation accuracy. The form deviation of a measured point is calculated relative to the approximate contour and the form deviation of the whole contour is evaluated using either the minimum zone criterion (MZC) or the least squares criterion (LSC). It has been demonstrated that the difference between the deviation definitions, one relative to the original contour and the other to the approximate contour, is not larger than the prespecified accuracy value, i.e. the evaluation precision of the form deviation can be sufficiently guaranteed. The effectiveness and the efficiency of the approach are verified with a practical example of a planar cam contour. Moreover, a weighted LSC technique is proposed in order to obtain a rational evaluation result for the measured points with non-uniform length interval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001700050173
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorine atom abstraction by Si(100) II. Model (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 5190-5204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A model is developed to describe the kinetics of the three scattering channels—unreactive scattering and dissociative chemisorption via single atom abstraction and two atom adsorption—that are present in the interaction of F2 with Si(100). The model provides a good description of the non-Langmuirian coverage dependence of the probabilities of single atom abstraction and two atom adsorption, yielding insight into the dynamics of the gas–surface interaction. The statistical model is based on the premise that the two dissociative chemisorption channels share a common initial step, F atom abstraction. The subsequent interaction, if any, of the complementary F atom with the surface determines if the overall result is single atom abstraction or two atom adsorption. The results are consistent with the orientation of the incident F2 molecular axis with respect to the surface affecting the probability of single atom abstraction relative to two atom adsorption. A perpendicular approach favors single atom abstraction because the complementary F atom cannot interact with the surface, whereas a parallel approach allows the F atom to interact with the surface and adsorb. The fate of the complementary F atom is dependent on the occupancy of the site with which it interacts. The model distinguishes between four types of dangling bond sites on the Si(100)(2×1) surface, based on the occupancy of the site itself and that of the complementary Si atom in the Si surface dimer. The results show that the unoccupied dangling bond sites on half-filled dimers are about twice as reactive as those on empty dimers, which is consistent with an enhanced reactivity due to a loss of a stabilizing π interaction between the two unoccupied dangling bonds on a dimer. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481092
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Garment's pressure sensation (1): subjective assessment and predictability for the sensation (2002)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 14 (2002), S. 307-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In order to study the wearing comfort of pressure for tight-fit clothing, the sensation of wearing pressure and the other related sensations have been assessed for knit garments, which have different sizes and fabrics which have different extensibilities, by developing a wearing experimental procedure. Using factor analysis with principal factor solutions and rotated by the Varimax method, we obtained relevant factor matrices about the subjective assessment. At the same time, objective clothing pressure, fabric extensibility and garment fitness have been measured. Regression analysis showed that the garment fitness and fabric extensibility had great predictive power for the subjective pressure assessment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220210446121
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Garment's pressure sensation (2): the psychophysical mechanism for the sensation (2002)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 14 (2002), S. 317-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Relationships have been investigated between subjective pressure sensation and objective pressure measured, for knit garments of different sizes and fabrics with different extensibilities. Fechner's logarithmic law is used to investigate the relations. Equations are obtained for describing the Psychophysical mechanism of clothing pressure perception under certain conditions. Objective pressure measuring had high predictive power with regard to subjective pressure sensation only under those conditions. Wearing pressure comfort has a negative correlation with feelings of fetter, scratchy, heavy and pressure, and has a poor correlation with feelings of softness and smoothness. Using factor analysis with principal factor solutions and rotated by the Varimax method, we obtained factor matrices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220210446248
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of Citrobacter amalonaticus methylaspartate ammonia lyase (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 1922-1924 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Methylaspartate ammonia lyase (MAL) catalyses the reversible α,β-elimination of ammonia from L-threo-(2S,3S)-3-methylaspartic acid to give mesaconic acid. Crystals of Citrobacter amalonaticus MAL have been obtained by the hanging-drop method of vapour diffusion using ammonium sulfate as the precipitant. Three crystal forms were obtained from identical crystallization conditions, two of which (forms A and B) diffract to high resolution, whilst the third form diffracted poorly. Crystals of form A diffract to beyond 2.1 Å and have been characterized as belonging to one of the enantiomorphic space groups P4122 or P4322, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 66.0, c = 233.1 Å, α = β = γ = 90° and a monomer in the asymmetric unit. Crystals of form B diffract to beyond 1.5 Å and belong to space group C222, with unit-cell parameters a = 128.3, b = 237.4, c = 65.8 Å, α = β = γ = 90° and a dimer in the asymmetric unit. Determination of the structure of MAL will be an important step in resolving current conflicts concerning the enzyme mechanism which differ between one which places MAL as a member of the superfamily of ammonia lyases whose catalytic activity requires a cofactor formed by post-translational modification of the enzyme and another which links MAL to the enolase superfamily.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444901016675
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes in Recirculated Brine for Chilling Thermally Processed Bacon Using an Electrochemical Treatment System (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 66 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An electrochemical treatment system consisting of a pulsed electrical power supply and an electrical treatment chamber was designed and evaluated for inactivation Listeria monocytogenes in recirculated brine for chilling processed bacons. The brine was tested under different currents and temperatures. An average D-value of 1.61 min in the storage tank could be achieved at 7 mA/cm3 current with the fresh brine (t = 0 h). For the spent brine (t = 20 h), the D-value was 2.5 min in the treatment chamber at 35 mA/cm3. The average D-values in the treatment chamber were approximately 2.5 min at all three temperatures (4, 0, -8 8C) at 35 mA/cm3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb04629.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficacy of Cetylpyridinium Chlorine on Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Immersion Spray Treatment of Fresh-Cut Lettuce (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fresh-cut lettuce inoculated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7 was treated using cetylpyridinium chlorine (CPC) solution in a laboratory-scale immersion spray system. With 0.7 kg/cm2 spray pressure and 1.5-min spray time (ST), both bacteria were significantly reduced (P 〈 0.05) in 0.1% to 0.3% CPC spray treatments, compared with water spray controls. At the same ST, increasing spray pressure from 0.7 to 2.1 kg/cm2 further reduced bacteria by 0.5 to 1.5 log colony-forming units (CFU)/g. The 0.2% and 0.3% CPC treatments resulted in the greatest reduction of S. serovar Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. Similar bacterial reduction could be achieved using shorter ST with extended post-spray exposure time. No color change on the lettuce was observed after CPC treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb08279.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of pH on Inactivation of Pathogenic Bacteria on Fresh-cut Lettuce by Dipping Treatment with Electrolyzed Water (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fresh-cut lettuce samples inoculated with S. Typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7 or L. monocytogenes were dipped into 300 ppm electrolyzed water (EW) at pH 4 to 9 and 30 °C for 5 min. The effects of treatment pH on bacterial reduction and visual quality of the lettuce were determined. The treatments at pH 4 and 8 resulted in the most effective inactivation of E. coli O157:H7, but the effect of pH was not significant (P 〉 0.05) for S. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes. The treatment at pH 7 retained the best visual quality of lettuce, and achieved a reduction of approximately 2 log CFU/g for above 3 bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb08280.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predictive Models for the Survival/death of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella Typhimurium in Poultry Scalding and Chilling (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Predictive models for the survival/death of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella Typhimurium during poultry scalding and chilling, as functions of temperature (50 to 60 °C), chlorine level (0 to 50 ppm) and water age (0, 10 h for scalding; 0, 8 h for chilling), were evaluated and developed using the data from previous study. As primary models, the Weibull distribution, exponential, logistic, and Gompertz models were compared. The secondary models were developed by modifying the Davey and polynomial models. Mean Square Errors (MSE) and the plots of predicted in contrast to observed survivors showed a good fit and prediction. The Weibull distribution-based secondary model was selected due to its fewer parameters and better prediction (MSEs 〈 0.4) compared to the other models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb08731.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface structure of niobium-dioxide overlayer on niobium(100) identified by scanning tunneling microscopy (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 4772-4776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The surface structures of an oxide overlayer on Nb(100) single crystal formed by numerous cycles of Ar-ion sputtering and flash annealing at 1973 K in an ultra-high-vacuum chamber have been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. Flat terraces with a monatomic step height of Nb(100) are observed; where two orthogonal domains are alternately evident. A ladder-like (3×10) structure of Nb(100) with no long-range order is identified at atomic resolution in the domain on the terrace. The ladder-like (3×10) structure is interpreted to be a modulated NbO2(010) overlayer on the Nb(100) surface and an atomic structural model of the ladder-like (3×10) structure is proposed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1364649
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