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  • 2000-2004  (368)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low frequency scattering excess in supercooled confined water (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 10010-10014 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Inelastic neutron scattering data on water confined in Vycor glass are presented for temperatures ranging from 268 to 220 K and hydration levels of 12% and 8%. The data have been analyzed in the framework of the mode coupling theory, in the region of the β relaxation. Strong deviations from the theoretical predictions are found and ascribed to the existence of a low frequency scattering excess. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367284
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glass transition and layering effects in confined water: A computer simulation study (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 11324-11335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Single particle dynamics of water confined in a nanopore is studied through computer molecular dynamics. The pore is modeled to represent the average properties of a pore of Vycor glass. Dynamics is analyzed at different hydration levels and upon supercooling. At all hydration levels and all temperatures investigated a layering effect is observed due to the strong hydrophilicity of the substrate. The time density correlators show, already at ambient temperature, strong deviations from the Debye and the stretched exponential behavior. Both on decreasing hydration level and upon supercooling we find features that can be related to the cage effect typical of a supercooled liquid undergoing a kinetic glass transition. Nonetheless the behavior predicted by mode coupling theory can be observed only by carrying out a proper shell analysis of the density correlators. Water molecules within the first two layers from the substrate are in a glassy state already at ambient temperature (bound water). The remaining subset of molecules (free water) undergoes a kinetic glass transition; the relaxation of the density correlators agree with the main predictions of the theory. From our data we can predict the temperature of structural arrest of free water. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1328073
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Layer analysis of the structure of water confined in vycor glass (2002)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 116 (2002), S. 342-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A molecular dynamics simulation of the microscopic structure of water confined in a silica pore is presented. A single cavity in the silica glass has been modeled as to reproduce the main features of the pores of real Vycor glass. A layer analysis of the site–site radial distribution functions evidences the presence in the pore of two subsets of water molecules with different microscopic structure. Molecules which reside in the inner layer, close to the center of the pore, have the same structure as bulk water but at a temperature of 30 K higher. On the contrary the structure of the water molecules in the outer layer, close to the substrate, is strongly influenced by the water–substrate hydrophilic interaction and sensible distortions of the H-bond network and of the orientational correlations between neighboring molecules show up. Lowering the hydration has little effect on the structure of water in the outer layer. The consequences on experimental determinations of the structural properties of water in confinement are discussed. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1423662
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Random sequential adsorption and diffusion of dimers and k-mers on a square lattice (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 7563-7569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have performed extensive simulations of random sequential adsorption and diffusion of k-mers, up to k=5 in two dimensions with particular attention to the case k=2. We focus on the behavior of the coverage and of vacancy dynamics as a function of time. We observe that for k=2,3 a complete coverage of the lattice is never reached, because of the existence of frozen configurations that prevent isolated vacancies in the lattice to join. From this result we argue that complete coverage is never attained for any value of k. The long time behavior of the coverage is not mean field and nonanalytic, with t−1/2 as leading term. Long time coverage regimes are independent of the initial conditions while strongly depend on the diffusion probability and deposition rate and, in particular, different values of these parameters lead to different final values of the coverage. The geometrical complexity of these systems is also highlighted through an investigation of the vacancy population dynamics. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1359740
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization Kinetics of Concentrated α,α-Trehalose and α,α-Trehalose/Salt Solutions Studied by Low-resolution 1H-Pulsed NMR (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Crystallization kinetics of concentrated trehalose and trehalose/salt solutions were followed by proton 1H) pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (1H p-NMR). Three concentrations (66,70, and 72.5%) of trehalose and with the addition of ZnCl2.2H2O, CaCl2.2H2O, and MgCl2.2H2O were crystallized at 5,10,15,20, and 25 °C. Supercooling and molecular diffusion determined the crystallization rates. The highest rate of crystallization of 66,70, and 72.5% trehalose occurred at 20 °C, whereas the lowest rate occurred at 25 °C. The maximum solid content was higher at lower temperatures, as expected based on the higher supercooling values. Crystallization was delayed by the addition of salts and especially of CaCl2.2H2O.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb10283.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Innate antimicrobial peptide protects the skin from invasive bacterial infection (2001)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 414 (2001), S. 454-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In mammals, several gene families encode peptides with antibacterial activity, such as the β-defensins and cathelicidins. These peptides are expressed on epithelial surfaces and in neutrophils, and have been proposed to provide a first line of defence against infection by acting as ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35106587
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asset Allocation and the Performance of Real Estate Mutual Funds (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Real estate economics 28 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-6229
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: We examine the performance of real estate mutual funds during January 1991–December 1997. As a group, the sampled funds outperformed the Wilshire Real Estate Securities Index on a risk-adjusted basis by more than 5 percentage points annually. We attempt to explain these surprising findings by examining the fund's asset allocations across stocks, bonds and real estate property types using Sharpe's (1992) effective-mix test. We find that all of the superior performance is attributable to fund managers' decisions to overweight outperforming property types (apartments and health care) relative to the Wilshire Real Estate Securities Index weights. Performance of the funds matches a multiple-property-type benchmark that takes account of the fund's exposure to each property type. Therefore, real estate funds demonstrated superior allocation across property types, but neither superior nor inferior selection within property type, during 1991–1997. Our findings emphasize the importance of asset allocation for real estate mutual-fund performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.00797
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exploratory spatial data analysis of the distribution of regional per capita GDP in Europe, 1980–1995 (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Papers in regional science 82 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5957
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this paper is to study the space-time dynamics of European regional per capital GDP. A sample of 138 European regions over the 1980–1995 period provides clear evidence of global and local spatial autocorrelation as well as spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of regional per capita GDP. The detection of spatial clusters of high and low per capita GDP throughout the period is an indication of the persistence of spatial disparities among European regions. The dynamism of European regions is investigated by exploring the spatial pattern of regional growth. Implications for applied econometric work on the convergence of European regions are then suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5597.2003.tb00010.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    All-optical diode in a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 314-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have demonstrated a guided-wave all-optical diode based on engineered quasiphase Matching in a LiNbO3 channel waveguide. For input peak powers beyond 1.5 W at 1.55 μm, the device exhibited a spatially nonreciprocal response, leading to optical isolation with contrasts as high as 90% at 3.1 W, in agreement with theoretical predictions. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1386407
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixture Processes for Financial Intradaily Durations (2004)
    Cambridge, Mass. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    Studies in nonlinear dynamics and econometrics 8.2004, 2, art8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1081-1826
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: The instantaneous volatility of the price process is analyzed through the intraday financial durations between price changes. Previous research has traditionally dealt with parametric models without reaching a satisfactory level of adequacy. In this study, it is shown that by using a mixture of two exponential distributions a highly satisfactory fit can be obtained. The presence on financial markets of traders with different information sets makes reasonable the mixture assumption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/snde/vol8/iss2/art8
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