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Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on severity of root rot of bananas caused by Cylindrocladium spathiphylli (2002)

Declerck, S. ; Risede, J. M. ; Rufyikiri, G. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Plant pathology 51 (2002), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-3059

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: The interaction between four arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Glomus sp., G. proliferum, G. intraradices and G. versiforme, and the root-rot fungus Cylindrocladium spathiphylli, and subsequent effects on growth and phosphorus nutrition of banana (Musa acuminata, AAA, cv. Grande Naine) were investigated under glasshouse conditions. Overall, root infection by C. spathiphylli reduced the growth of banana plants, but preinoculation with AM fungi significantly attenuated this detrimental effect. Lower disease severity, stimulation of growth and increase of shoot P content were observed for the plants inoculated with one of the four AM fungi. Glomus sp. and G. proliferum induced the largest increase in growth parameters and shoot P content as compared to G. intraradices and G. versiforme, in the presence as well as in the absence of C. spathiphylli. Root damage caused by C. spathiphylli was decreased in the presence of AM fungi, but the inoculation of mycorrhizal plants with C. spathiphylli also decreased the intensity of AM fungal root colonization, indicating a clear interaction between the two organisms.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0032-0862.2001.656.x

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Patterns of diet overlap between populations of non-indigenous and native fishes in shallow ponds (2002)

Declerck, S. ; Louette, G. ; Bie, T. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Journal of fish biology 61 (2002), S. 0

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ISSN: 1095-8649

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: No significant differences in the diet composition were detected for any of the populations of four non-indigenous fish species (brown bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus, pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus, topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva and eastern mudminnow Umbra pygmaea) and two native fish species (gudgeon Gobio gobio and roach Rutilus rutilus), between two small shallow ponds and between habitats within the ponds, during late summer. Based on diet composition, groups of size classes within species (’functional groups‘) were distinguished. For most functional group combinations of exotic fishes, diet overlap values were low. Although chironomid larvae formed the most important food source, differential consumption of chironomid size classes allowed an important degree of niche differentiation between non-indigenous fishes. In contrast, high diet overlap was found between the functional groups of indigenous gudgeon and of several non-indigenous fishes, indicating a high potential for interspecific exploitative competition. The diet of roach consisted almost entirely of non-animal remains (detritus and plant material). The high proportion of such low-energy food in the diet of this species may be indicative for a competition induced niche shift to suboptimal food sources.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb02464.x

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