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  • Springer  (51)
  • 2000-2004  (51)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    No apparent genetic basis to demographic differences in scarid fishes across continental shelf of the Great Barrier Reef (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 137 (2000), S. 1059-1066 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Two species of parrot fish, Scarus frenatus and Chlorurus sordidus, are known to exhibit demographic and life-history differences across the continental shelf of the northern Great Barrier Reef (GBR). DNA sequences from the mitochondrial (mt) control region were analysed to determine whether there were genetic differences between the populations from the mid- and outer-shelf reefs. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated high levels of gene exchange for both species at a local scale between reefs on mid- and outer continental shelf positions (20 km apart) and at a broader scale along the length of the GBR province (〉1000 km apart). There was no evidence to suggest that local differences in scarid life-history characteristics on the northern GBR have a genetic basis. Rather it appears more likely that phenotypically plastic responses to prevailing social and environmental conditions explain differences in the life-history characteristics of both taxa. However, analysis of genetic variation and historical demography revealed striking differences between the two species. S. frenatus haplotypes differed from one another at relatively few nucleotide sites (mean = 3.30), and the pairwise mismatch distribution suggested this species has undergone a population expansion within the limit of the resolution of the marker. C. sordidus haplotypes, however, differed from one another at a number of sites (mean = 7.67). Mismatch distribution analysis suggested that the population size of this species has remained at equilibrium over time. These patterns could also reflect differences in the metapopulation sizes or generation times between taxa. Some of the implications for fisheries management are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270000403
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population structure of the giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon in Australian waters, determined using microsatellite markers (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 136 (2000), S. 149-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We describe three highly polymorphic microsatellite loci which have been isolated from the giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon. The number of alleles present among 312 samples at the loci Pmo9, Pmo25 and Pmo27 were 84, 34 and 35, respectively, with heterozygosities all 〉90%. Analyses of the distribution of length variation at three microsatellite loci among five Australian P. monodon populations revealed strong differentiation between populations from the west and those from the northern and eastern coasts. Tests for population differentiation (F st) values and an analogous measure for microsatellite loci (R st) all demonstrated that Western Australian P. monodon are a separate genetic stock which exhibits reduced genetic variation relative to the other populations. Reduced variability is consistent with a recent population bottleneck or colonization by a small founding population from the east when sea links between Indonesia, New Guinea and Australia were re-established following the last ice age. The results of this study are in agreement with previous surveys of P. monodon conducted with allozymes and mtDNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050017
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altering Rainfall Timing and Quantity in a Mesic Grassland Ecosystem: Design and Performance of Rainfall Manipulation Shelters (2000)
    Springer
    Ecosystems 3 (2000), S. 308-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0629
    Keywords: Key words: climate change; precipitation patterns; rainout shelters; grasslands; soil moisture; net primary production; floristic diversity; life histories; Konza Prairie; long-term research.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Global climate change is predicted to alter growing season rainfall patterns, potentially reducing total amounts of growing season precipitation and redistributing rainfall into fewer but larger individual events. Such changes may affect numerous soil, plant, and ecosystem properties in grasslands and ultimately impact their productivity and biological diversity. Rainout shelters are useful tools for experimental manipulations of rainfall patterns, and permanent fixed-location shelters were established in 1997 to conduct the Rainfall Manipulation Plot study in a mesic tallgrass prairie ecosystem in northeastern Kansas. Twelve 9 x 14–m fixed-location rainfall manipulation shelters were constructed to impose factorial combinations of 30% reduced rainfall quantity and 50% greater interrainfall dry periods on 6 x 6–m plots, to examine how altered rainfall regimes may affect plant species composition, nutrient cycling, and above- and belowground plant growth dynamics. The shelters provided complete control of growing season rainfall patterns, whereas effects on photosynthetic photon flux density, nighttime net radiation, and soil temperature generally were comparable to other similar shelter designs. Soil and plant responses to the first growing season of rainfall manipulations (1998) suggested that the interval between rainfall events may be a primary driver in grassland ecosystem responses to altered rainfall patterns. Aboveground net primary productivity, soil CO2 flux, and flowering duration were reduced by the increased interrainfall intervals and were mostly unaffected by reduced rainfall quantity. The timing of rainfall events and resulting temporal patterns of soil moisture relative to critical times for microbial activity, biomass accumulation, plant life histories, and other ecological properties may regulate longer-term responses to altered rainfall patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100210000028
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple Lineages of the Mitochondrial Gene NADH Dehydrogenase Subunit 1 (ND1) in Parasitic Helminths: Implications for Molecular Evolutionary Studies of Facultatively Anaerobic Eukaryotes (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 51 (2000), S. 339-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words: NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 — Parasitic helminths —Paragonimus species — Pseudogenes — Numts — Heteroplasmy — Facultatively anaerobic metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The task of using partial ND1 sequences to infer a phylogeny for species of the genus Paragonimus (Trematoda: Digenea) was complicated by the discovery of at least two ND1 lineages within individual worms. The divergence of the ND1 lineages is shown by phylogenetic analysis not only to predate the divergence of the three Paragonimus species or species groups investigated but also the divergence of some trematode families. Some sequences are clearly pseudogenes as they contain single base deletions and/or premature termination codons. The presence of both pseudogenes and/or mitochondrial heteroplasmy are invoked to explain the presence of multiple and divergent ND1 lineages in these trematodes, which have two distinct cytochemical types of mitochondria. The implications for phylogenetic studies generally and of parasitic helminths specifically, using ND1 sequence data, are discussed. The ability of these organisms to adapt their metabolic processes to the variable availability of oxygen as an electron acceptor are proposed to explain some of the molecular diversity observed in parasitic helminths and possibly also in other anaerobically adapted eukaryotes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002390010096
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage and LOH studies in 19 cylindromatosis families show no evidence of genetic heterogeneity and refine the CYLD locus on chromosome 16q12–q13 (2000)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 106 (2000), S. 58-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Familial cylindromatosis is an autosomal dominant predisposition to multiple neoplasms of the skin appendages. The susceptibility gene has previously been mapped to chromosome 16q12–q13 and has features of a recessive oncogene/tumour suppressor gene. We have now evaluated 19 families with this disease by a combination of genetic linkage analysis and loss of heterozygosity in cylindromas from affected individuals. All 15 informative families show linkage to this locus, providing no evidence for genetic heterogeneity. Recombinant mapping has placed the gene in an interval of approximately 1 Mb. There is no evidence, between families, of haplotype sharing that might be indicative of common founder mutations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004399900227
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exclusion of NFIL3 as the gene causing hereditary sensory neuropathy type I by mutation analysis (2000)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 106 (2000), S. 594-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Hereditary sensory neuropathy type I (HSN-I) is an autosomal dominant peripheral neuropathy affecting sensory and motor neurons. The disease involves distal sensory loss, distal muscle wasting and weakness, and variable neural deafness. The HSN1 locus has been mapped to a genetic interval of 3-4 cM on chromosome 9q22.1-q22.3 and is flanked by markers D9S1781 and FB19B7. This interval contains the gene NFIL3, a transcription factor that is regulated by the cytokine IL-3. Northern blot analysis of NFIL3 showed a ubiquitously expressed 2.2-kb mRNA. Expression was highest in the lung, with lower levels of expression in the brain and spinal cord. Mutation analysis by direct sequencing of reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction products from HSN-I patients excluded the coding region of the NFIL3 from being involved in the pathogenesis of HSN-I.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390000306
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Snowmass Points and Slopes: benchmarks for SUSY searches (2002)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 25 (2002), S. 113-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The ”Snowmass Points and Slopes” (SPS) are a set of benchmark points and parameter lines in the MSSM parameter space corresponding to different scenarios in the search for Supersymmetry at present and future experiments. This set of benchmarks was agreed upon at the 2001 ”Snowmass Workshop on the Future of Particle Physics” as a consensus based on different existing proposals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10052-002-0949-3
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measuring gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking parameters at a 500 GeV $e^+e^-$ linear collider (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 12 (2000), S. 287-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We consider the phenomenology of a class of gauge-mediated supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking (GMSB) models at a $e^+e^-$ Linear Collider (LC) with $E_{\rm c.o.m.}$ up to 500 GeV. In particular, we refer to a high-luminosity ( ${\cal L} \sim 3 \times 10^{34}$ cm $^{-2}$ s $^{-1}$ ) machine, and use detailed simulation tools for a proposed detector. Among the GMSB-model building options, we define a simple framework and outline its predictions at the LC, under the assumption that no SUSY signal is detected at LEP or Tevatron. We assess the potential of the LC to distinguish between the various SUSY model options and to measure the underlying parameters with high precision, including for those scenarios where a clear SUSY signal would have already been detected at the LHC before starting the LC operations. Our focus is on the case where a neutralino ( $\tilde N_1$ ) is the next-to-lightest SUSY particle (NLSP), for which we determine the relevant regions of the GMSB parameter space. Many observables are calculated and discussed, including production cross sections, NLSP decay widths, branching ratios and distributions, for dominant and rare channels. We sketch how to extract the messenger and electroweak scale model parameters from a spectrum measured via, e.g. threshold-scanning techniques. Several experimental methods to measure the NLSP mass and lifetime are proposed and simulated in detail. We show that these methods can cover most of the lifetime range allowed by perturbativity requirements and suggested by cosmology in GMSB models. Also, they are relevant for any general low-energy SUSY breaking scenario. Values of $c\tau_{\tilde N_1}$ as short as 10's of $\mu$ m and as long as 10's of m can be measured with errors at the level of 10% or better after one year of LC running with high luminosity. We discuss how to determine a narrow range ( $\lesssim 5\%$ ) for the fundamental SUSY breaking scale $\sqrt{F}$ , based on the measured $m_{\tilde N_1}$ , $c\tau_{\tilde N_1}$ . Finally, we suggest how to optimise the LC detector performance for this purpose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100529900170
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reconstruction of supersymmetric theories at high energy scales (2003)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 27 (2003), S. 263-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The reconstruction of fundamental parameters in supersymmetric theories requires the evolution to high scales, where the characteristic regularities in mechanisms of supersymmetry breaking become manifest. We have studied a set of representative examples in this context: minimal supergravity and a left-right symmetric extension; gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking; and superstring effective field theories. Through the evolution of the parameters from the electroweak scale the regularities in different scenarios at the high scales can be unravelled if precision analyses of the supersymmetric particle sector at e + e - linear colliders are combined with analyses at the LHC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s2002-01117-y
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ovoids of Parabolic Spaces (2000)
    Springer
    Geometriae dedicata 82 (2000), S. 1-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9168
    Keywords: ovoids ; generalized quadrangles ; translation planes ; semifields
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A new ovoid in the orthogonal space O(5,35) is presented, along with its associated spreads and (semifield) translation planes. Sundry results on ovoids and spreads are given. In particular, we complete the calculation of the stabilisers of the known O(5,q) ovoids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005244202633
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