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  • 2000-2004  (84)
  • 1920-1924
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological sensing of small field differences by magnetically sensitive chemical reactions (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 405 (2000), S. 707-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] There is evidence that animals can detect small changes in the Earth's magnetic field by two distinct mechanisms, one using the mineral magnetite as the primary sensor and one using magnetically sensitive chemical reactions. Magnetite responds by physically twisting, or even reorienting ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35015128
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantifying uncertainty in estimates of C emissions from above-ground biomass due to historic land-use change to cropping in Australia (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 7 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Quantifying continental scale carbon emissions from the oxidation of above-ground plant biomass following land-use change (LUC) is made difficult by the lack of information on how much biomass was present prior to vegetation clearing and on the timing and location of historical LUC. The considerable spatial variability of vegetation and the uncertainty of this variability leads to difficulties in predicting biomass C density (tC ha−1) prior to LUC. The issue of quantifying uncertainties in the estimation of land based sources and sinks of CO2, and the feasibility of reducing these uncertainties by further sampling, is critical information required by governments world-wide for public policy development on climate change issues. A quantitative statistical approach is required to calculate confidence intervals (the level of certainty) of estimated cleared above-ground biomass. In this study, a set of high-quality observations of steady state above-ground biomass from relatively undisturbed ecological sites across the Australian continent was combined with vegetation, topographic, climatic and edaphic data sets within a Geographical Information System. A statistical model was developed from the data set of observations to predict potential biomass and the standard error of potential biomass for all 0.05° (approximately 5 × 5 km) land grid cells of the continent. In addition, the spatial autocorrelation of observations and residuals from the statistical model was examined. Finally, total C emissions due to historic LUC to cultivation and cropping were estimated by combining the statistical model with a data set of fractional cropland area per land grid cell, fAc (Ramankutty & Foley 1998). Total C emissions from loss of above-ground biomass due to cropping since European colonization of Australia was estimated to be 757 MtC. These estimates are an upper limit because the predicted steady state biomass may be less than the above-ground biomass immediately prior to LUC because of disturbance. The estimated standard error of total C emissions was calculated from the standard error of predicted biomass, the standard error of fAc and the spatial autocorrelation of biomass. However, quantitative estimates of the standard error of fAc were unavailable. Thus, two scenarios were developed to examine the effect of error in fAc on the error in total C emissions. In the first scenario, in which fAc was regarded as accurate (i.e. a coefficient of variation, CV, of fAc = 0.0), the 95% confidence interval of the continental C emissions was 379–1135 MtC. In the second scenario, a 50% error in estimated cropland area was assumed (a CV of fAc = 0.50) and the estimated confidence interval increased to between 350 and 1294 MtC. The CV of C emissions for these two scenarios was 25% and 29%. Thus, while accurate maps of land-use change contribute to decreasing uncertainty in C emissions from LUC, the major source of this uncertainty arises from the prediction accuracy of biomass C density. It is argued that, even with large sample numbers, the high cost of sampling biomass carbon may limit the uncertainty of above-ground biomass to about a CV of 25%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1354-1013.2001.00449.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-pressure Mössbauer spectroscopy, a unique tool for unraveling the nature of electron correlations in Mott insulators (2000)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 128 (2000), S. 81-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Keywords: high-pressure ; Mössbauer spectroscopy ; Mott insulators ; magnetism ; spin crossover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Combining the methods of Mössbauer spectroscopy, synchrotron XRD, and resistivity and using diamond-anvil cells enables the discovery and studies of new phenomena in magnetism and electronic correlation at high density. It is shown that Hund's rule concerning the high-spin state in TM-compounds does not hold in this regime resulting in spin-crossover and collapse of the magnetic state for even-valence TM ions and for the decline of magnetic exchange in the odd-valence species. This mechanism competes with the breakdown of the d–d electron correlation (Mott transition) in transforming the Mott insulators into normal metals. The experimental issues are described and examples of magnetic studies at very high-pressures are portrayed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012671229494
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  • 4
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    Nonlinearly coupled flows (2000)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-06-01
    Print ISSN: 1063-651X
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3787
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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  • 5
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    Selectivities of Potassium-Calcium and Potassium-Lead Exchange in Two Tropical Soils (2003)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0361-5995
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0661
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
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    Adiabatic Pumping Mechanism for Ion Motive ATPases (2003)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-09-12
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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  • 7
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    Making Molecules into Motors (2001)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0036-8733
    Electronic ISSN: 1946-7087
    Topics: Biology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 8
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    A draft sequence of the rice genome (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-04-06
    Description: The genome of the japonica subspecies of rice, an important cereal and model monocot, was sequenced and assembled by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. The assembled sequence covers 93% of the 420-megabase genome. Gene predictions on the assembled sequence suggest that the genome contains 32,000 to 50,000 genes. Homologs of 98% of the known maize, wheat, and barley proteins are found in rice. Synteny and gene homology between rice and the other cereal genomes are extensive, whereas synteny with Arabidopsis is limited. Assignment of candidate rice orthologs to Arabidopsis genes is possible in many cases. The rice genome sequence provides a foundation for the improvement of cereals, our most important crops.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goff, Stephen A -- Ricke, Darrell -- Lan, Tien-Hung -- Presting, Gernot -- Wang, Ronglin -- Dunn, Molly -- Glazebrook, Jane -- Sessions, Allen -- Oeller, Paul -- Varma, Hemant -- Hadley, David -- Hutchison, Don -- Martin, Chris -- Katagiri, Fumiaki -- Lange, B Markus -- Moughamer, Todd -- Xia, Yu -- Budworth, Paul -- Zhong, Jingping -- Miguel, Trini -- Paszkowski, Uta -- Zhang, Shiping -- Colbert, Michelle -- Sun, Wei-lin -- Chen, Lili -- Cooper, Bret -- Park, Sylvia -- Wood, Todd Charles -- Mao, Long -- Quail, Peter -- Wing, Rod -- Dean, Ralph -- Yu, Yeisoo -- Zharkikh, Andrey -- Shen, Richard -- Sahasrabudhe, Sudhir -- Thomas, Alun -- Cannings, Rob -- Gutin, Alexander -- Pruss, Dmitry -- Reid, Julia -- Tavtigian, Sean -- Mitchell, Jeff -- Eldredge, Glenn -- Scholl, Terri -- Miller, Rose Mary -- Bhatnagar, Satish -- Adey, Nils -- Rubano, Todd -- Tusneem, Nadeem -- Robinson, Rosann -- Feldhaus, Jane -- Macalma, Teresita -- Oliphant, Arnold -- Briggs, Steven -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 5;296(5565):92-100.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Torrey Mesa Research Institute, Syngenta, 3115 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. stephen.goff@syngenta.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11935018" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Computational Biology ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA, Plant/genetics ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Edible Grain/genetics ; Gene Duplication ; Genes, Plant ; *Genome, Plant ; Genomics ; Oryza/*genetics/metabolism/physiology ; Phosphate Transport Proteins/genetics ; Plant Diseases ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Plant Structures/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Software ; Synteny ; Transcription Factors/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Structure of a cofactor-deficient nitrogenase MoFe protein (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-04-16
    Description: One of the most complex biosynthetic processes in metallobiochemistry is the assembly of nitrogenase, the key enzyme in biological nitrogen fixation. We describe here the crystal structure of an iron-molybdenum cofactor-deficient form of the nitrogenase MoFe protein, into which the cofactor is inserted in the final step of MoFe protein assembly. The MoFe protein folds as a heterotetramer containing two copies each of the homologous alpha and beta subunits. In this structure, one of the three alpha subunit domains exhibits a substantially changed conformation, whereas the rest of the protein remains essentially unchanged. A predominantly positively charged funnel is revealed; this funnel is of sufficient size to accommodate insertion of the negatively charged cofactor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmid, Benedikt -- Ribbe, Markus W -- Einsle, Oliver -- Yoshida, Mika -- Thomas, Leonard M -- Dean, Dennis R -- Rees, Douglas C -- Burgess, Barbara K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 12;296(5566):352-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mail Code 147-75CH, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11951047" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Azotobacter vinelandii/*enzymology ; Binding Sites ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Dimerization ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molybdoferredoxin/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Static Electricity ; Surface Properties
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Resealing dynamics of a cell membrane after electroporation (2002)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-12-26
    Print ISSN: 1063-651X
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3787
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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