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  • 2000-2004  (314)
  • 1930-1934  (2)
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  • 1
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Monographie ausleihbar
    Detecting and modelling regional climate change : [a selection of papers from those presented to the International Scientific Meeting on the "Detection and Modelling of recent Climate Change and its Effects on a Regional Scale", wich was held at Taragona in May 2000] (2001)
    Berlin [u.a.] : Springer
    Details Verfügbarkeit
    Signatur: 12/N 02.0113 ; PIK N 075-03-0318
    Materialart: Monographie ausleihbar
    Seiten: xxvi, 651 S.
    ISBN: 3540422390
    Klassifikation:
    D. 4.
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort: Lesesaal
    Standort: A 18 - Bitte bestellen
    Zweigbibliothek: GFZ Bibliothek
    Zweigbibliothek: PIK Bibliothek
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Change of TO and LO mode frequency of evaporated SiO2 films during aging in air (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 7303-7309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The microstructural modifications, induced by atmospheric water vapor, in the silica network of porous amorphous SiO2 films, evaporated by electron gun and capped by a nonporous TiO2 layer, have been investigated. We have taken advantage of infrared ellipsometric measurements to extract the infrared complex dielectric function of the SiO2 films in the 600–5000 cm−1 range, from which we deduce the actual values of the frequencies of the Si–O–Si stretching vibrational modes [transverse optic (TO) and longitudinal optic (LO)]. The TO and LO frequency shifts are studied experimentally and reproduced by simulation. Experimental data show the increase as a function of time in air of both TO and LO frequencies, and of the refractive index in the visible range. The film is modeled as a mixture of two constituents: a silica matrix, with variable density, and pores, into which water can penetrate. We show that the TO frequency is mainly sensitive to the silica matrix density, while the LO frequency gives information about the pore volume fraction. We first demonstrate that our deposition method leads to films having initially a dense silica matrix, characterized by a high visible refractive index (1.543 as compared to 1.458 for fused silica). Second, we show that the strong relaxation of the silica network (characterized by the decrease of the silica matrix refractive index from 1.543 to 1.475), due to the water penetration in the pores, is accompanied by a decrease of the pore volume fraction (from ∼30% before venting down to ∼15% after air exposure). © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372984
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    SiO2–TiO2 interfaces studied by ellipsometry and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1922-1928 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We present an in situ study of the formation of the interfaces between TiO2 and SiO2 evaporated thin films using spectroscopic ellipsometry and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). The growth of TiO2 on SiO2 was studied previously, but the reverse case has not received much attention up to now. In this article, we show that a common description is valid for both interfaces, which are formed by crosslinking Ti–O–Si bonds. We show also that the growth of TiO2 on SiO2 begins with an amorphous interface layer even when growth occurs at 400 °C. The interface is sharp, a few angstroms, as determined by angular XPS; when SiO2 grows on TiO2, the interface is thicker, about 10 Å. Roughness and interdiffusion play roles in interface formation and their role will be discussed. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1494843
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    State-to-state and total rotational energy transfer rate constants for CN(B 2Σ+,v=0,N)+H2, CN(X 2Σ+,v=2,N)+H2, D2, and CN(X 2Σ+,v=3,N)+NO (2002)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 116 (2002), S. 3617-3625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: State-to-state and total rotational energy transfer (RET) rate constants were measured for collisions of CN(B 2Σ+,v=0,Ni=4,7,8,11) with H2, CN(X 2Σ+,v=2,Ni=4,11) with H2 and D2, and CN(X 2Σ+,v=3,Ni=4) with NO at room temperature and under single, or near-single, collision conditions. Rate constants were also measured for electronic quenching of CN(B 2Σ+,v=0,Ni=4,7,8,and 11) by H2. In general, state-to-state RET rate constants showed very small or no even–odd alternations as the final rotational state varied. Total rate constants for CN(X 2Σ+,v=2,N)/H2, D2 were found to decrease with increasing rotational quantum number, N. By contrast, total rate constants for CN(B 2Σ+,v=0,N)/H2 were found to be relatively independent of N. Exponential energy gap and angular momentum fitting functions were found to represent measured state-to-state RET rate constants very well and were substantially equally effective in this regard. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1446033
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MuSICA, a CO2, water and energy multilayer, multileaf pine forest model: evaluation from hourly to yearly time scales and sensitivity analysis (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 9 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Energietechnik , Geographie
    Notizen: The current emphasis on global climate studies has led the scientific community to set up a number of sites for measuring long-term biospheric fluxes, and to develop a wide range of biosphere–atmosphere exchange models. This paper presents a new model of this type, which has been developed for a pine forest canopy. In most coniferous species the canopy layer is well separated from the understorey and several cohorts of needles coexist. It was therefore found necessary to distinguish several vegetation layers and, in each layer, several leaf classes defined not only by their light regime and wetness status but also by their age. This model, named MuSICA, is a multilayer, multileaf process-based model. Each submodel is first independently parameterized using data collected at a EUROFLUX site near Bordeaux (Southwestern France). Particular care is brought to identify the seasonal variations in the various physiological parameters. The full model is then evaluated using a two-year long data set, split up into 12 day-type classes defined by the season, the weather type and the soil water status. Beyond the good overall agreement obtained between measured and modelled values at various time scales, several points of further improvement are identified. They concern the seasonal variations in the stomatal response of needles and the soil/litter respiration, as well as their interaction with soil or litter moisture. A sensitivity analysis to some of the model features (in-canopy turbulent transfer scheme, leaf age classes, water retention, distinction between shaded and sunlit leaves, number of layers) is finally performed in order to evaluate whether significant simplifications can be brought to such a model with little loss in its predictive quality. The distinction between several leaf classes is crucial if one is to compute biospheric fluxes accurately. It is also evidenced that accounting for in-canopy turbulent transfer leads to better estimates of the sensible heat flux.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00628.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cyclophilin A and calcineurin functions investigated by gene inactivation, cyclosporin A inhibition and cDNA arrays approaches in the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 50 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Calcineurin phosphatase and cyclophilin A are cellular components involved in fungal morphogenesis and virulence. Their roles were investigated in the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea using gene inactivation, drug inhibition and cDNA macroarrays approaches. First, the BCP1 gene coding for cyclophilin A was identified and inactivated by homologous recombination. The bcp1Δ null mutant obtained was still able to develop infection structures but was altered in symptom development on bean and tomato leaves. Opposite to this, calcineurin inhibition using cyclosporin A (CsA) modified hyphal morphology and prevented infection structure formation. CsA drug pattern signature on macroarrays allowed the identification of 18 calcineurin-dependent (CND) genes among 2839 B. cinerea genes. Among the co-regulated CND genes, three were shown to be organized as a physical cluster that could be involved in secondary metabolism. The signature of BCP1 inactivation on macroarrays allowed the identification of only three BCP1 cyclophilin-dependent (CPD) genes that were different from CND genes. Finally, no CsA drug pattern signature was observed in the bcp1Δ null mutant which provided a molecular target validation of the drug.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03798.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The tetraspanin BcPls1 is required for appressorium-mediated penetration of Botrytis cinerea into host plant leaves (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 51 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Animal tetraspanins are membrane proteins controlling cell adhesion, morphology and motility. In fungi, the tetraspanin MgPls1 controls an appressorial function required for the penetration of Magnaporthe grisea into host plants. An orthologue of MgPLS1, BcPLS1, was identified in the necrotrophic fungal plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea. We constructed a Bcpls1::bar null mutant by targeted gene replacement. Bcpls1::bar is not pathogenic on intact plant tissues of bean, tomato or rose, but it infects wounded plant tissues. Both wild type and Bcpls1::bar differentiate appressoria on plant and artificial surfaces, a process involving an arrest of polarized growth, apex swelling and its cell wall reinforcement. Although wild-type appressoria allowed the penetration of the fungus into the host plant within 6–12 h, no successful penetration events were observed with Bcpls1::bar, suggesting that its appressoria are not functional. An eGFP transcriptional fusion showed that BcPLS1 was specifically expressed in conidia, germ tubes and appressoria during host penetration. Our results indicate that BcPLS1 is required for the penetration of B. cinerea into intact host plants. The defect in pathogenicity of Bcpls1::bar also demonstrates that functional B. cinerea appressoria are required for a successful penetration process. As Bcpls1::bar and Mgpls1Δ::hph penetration defects are similar, fungal tetraspanins are likely to be required for an essential appressorial function widespread among fungi.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03866.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    in Japan: an empirical study (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 23 (2003), S. 1426-1446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: This paper reports the study of kaizen as practised in a selection of Japanese companies. After discussing the general understanding of kaizen and proposing a clear definition, the paper describes the methodology of the study, and presents findings from the research, taking Nippon Steel Corporation (NSC) as a base model and comparing this with the data from other companies. The development of kaizen activity in NSC is presented together with a description of the current nature of kaizen, which is compared with other firms in the steel and automotive industries to assess uniformity. The paper concludes that kaizen evolves uniquely within each organisation, following changes to the organisation's business environment. Detailed implementations vary considerably between organisations, but all rely on kaizen to achieve targets as an integral element in the operations management system. This yields insights into kaizen's sustainability, and points to its vulnerability to external economic conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570310506704
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gremlin is the BMP antagonist required for maintenance of Shh and Fgf signals during limb patterning (2003)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 34 (2003), S. 303-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: [Auszug] During limb outgrowth, signaling by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) must be moderated to maintain the signaling loop between the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) and the apical ectodermal ridge (AER). Gremlin, an extracellular Bmp antagonist, has been proposed to fulfill this function and ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1178
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Suppression of airway eosinophilia by killed Mycobacterium vaccae -induced allergen-specific regulatory T-cells (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 8 (2002), S. 625-629 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: [Auszug] Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease and despite the introduction of potent and effective drugs, the prevalence has increased substantially over the past few decades. The explanation that has attracted the most attention is the 'hygiene hypothesis', which suggests that the increase in ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0602-625
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