ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

Current shapes leading to positive effects on acoustic noise of switched reluctance drives (2003)

Kaiserseder, M. ; Schmid, J. ; Amrhein, W. ; [et al.]

Bradford : Emerald

Compel 22 (2003), S. 998-1008

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ISSN: 0332-1649

Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005

Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics

Notes: A torque ripple minimization technique for switched reluctance motors is shown in this paper. Precalculated current shapes are applied to reduce torque ripple and to raise the degrees of freedom of the application in the commutation region. The optimization criteria for this region can be chosen freely. Therefore, it is possible to take positive effect to some motor characteristics like power losses, mechanical vibrations or acoustic noise.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321640310482959

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2

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A microbial metabolite of TCDD (1982)

Philippi, M. ; Schmid, J. ; Wipf, H. K. ; [et al.]

Springer

Cellular and molecular life sciences 38 (1982), S. 659-661

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ISSN: 1420-9071

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Summary In the present study we describe the occurrence of a metabolite of TCDD, which arose in several microbial cultures after long term incubation. The polar metabolite amounted approximately 1% of the input material, and was found to be a hydroxylated derivative of TCDD.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01964077

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3

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Daily torpor in the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) in Madagascar: energetic consequences and biological significance (2000)

Schmid, J.

Springer

Oecologia 123 (2000), S. 175-183

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ISSN: 1432-1939

Keywords: Key words Microcebus murinus ; Torpor ; Thermoregulation ; Metabolism ; Madagascar

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Patterns and energetic consequences of spontaneous daily torpor were measured in the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) under natural conditions of ambient temperature and photoperiod in a dry deciduous forest in western Madagascar. Over a period of two consecutive dry seasons, oxygen consumption (VO2) and body temperature (T b) were measured on ten individuals kept in outdoor enclosures. In all animals, spontaneous daily torpor occurred on a daily basis with torpor bouts lasting from 3.6 to 17.6 h, with a mean torpor bout duration of 9.3 h. On average, body temperatures in torpor were 17.3±4.9°C with a recorded minimum value of 7.8°C. Torpor was not restricted to the mouse lemurs’ diurnal resting phase: entries occurred throughout the night and arousals mainly around midday, coinciding with the daily ambient temperature maximum. Arousal from torpor was a two-phase process with a first passive, exogenous heating where the T b of animals increased from the torpor T b minimum to a mean value of 27.1°C before the second, endogenous heat production commenced to further raise T b to normothermic values. Metabolic rate during torpor (28.6±13.2 ml O2 h–1) was significantly reduced by about 76% compared to resting metabolic rate (132.6±50.5 ml O2 h–1). On average, for all M. murinus individuals measured, hypometabolism during daily torpor reduced daily energy expenditure by about 38%. In conclusion, all these energy-conserving mechanisms of the nocturnal mouse lemurs, with passive exogenous heating during arousal from torpor, low minimum torpor T bs, and extended torpor bouts into the activity phase, comprise an important and highly adapted mechanism to minimize energetic costs in response to unfavorable environmental conditions and may play a crucial role for individual fitness.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420051003

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4

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Tensor products of distributive lattices and their Priestley duals (1980)

Schmid, J.

Springer

Acta mathematica hungarica 35 (1980), S. 387-392

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ISSN: 1588-2632

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Mathematics

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01886308

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5

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Beta–neutrino correlation experiments on laser trapped 38mK, 37K (2000)

Gorelov, A. ; Behr, J.A. ; Melconian, D. ; [et al.]

Springer

Hyperfine interactions 127 (2000), S. 373-380

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ISSN: 1572-9540

Keywords: beta decay ; neutral atom trap ; shakeoff electron ; charge state

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Physics

Notes: Abstract Laser trapping and cooling techniques are now being applied to the study of nuclear β-decay at several labs. A magneto-optical trap (MOT) provides a localized source of atoms suspended in space, so the low-energy recoiling nuclei can freely escape and be detected in coincidence with the β. This allows reconstruction of the neutrino momentum, and the deduction of the β-v correlation in a more direct fashion than previously possible. In addition, the nuclei can be polarized by atomic techniques, opening a new class of spin correlation measurements to test the degree to which parity is maximally violated in the weak interaction. Our present experiment has detected several hundred thousand recoil-β+ coincidences from the 0+ → 0+ pure Fermi decay of 38mK, produced at the on-line isotope separators TISOL and ISAC at TRIUMF. Our goal is to set constraints on non-Standard Model scalar bosons competitive with high-energy colliders and more conventional β-v correlation experiments.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012649229978

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6

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Daily energy expenditure of the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus): a small primate that uses torpor (2000)

Schmid, J. ; Speakman, J. R.

Springer

Journal of comparative physiology 170 (2000), S. 633-641

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ISSN: 1432-136X

Keywords: Key words Daily energy expenditure ; Doubly labelled water ; Grey mouse lemur ; Microcebus murinus ; Torpor

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract We aimed to investigate the pattern of utilisation of torpor and its impact on energy budgets in free-living grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus), a small nocturnal primate endemic to Madagascar. We measured daily energy expenditure (DEE) and water turnover using doubly labelled water, and we used temperature-sensitive radio collars to measure skin temperature (T sk) and home range. Our results showed that male and female mouse lemurs in the wild enter torpor spontaneously over a wide range of ambient temperatures (T a) during the dry season, but not during the rainy season. Mouse lemurs remained torpid between 1.7–8.9 h with a daily mean of 3.4 h, and their T sk s fell to a minimum of 18.8 °C. Mean home ranges of mouse lemurs which remained normothermic were similar in the rainy and dry season. During the dry season, the mean home range of mouse lemurs showing daily torpor was significantly smaller than that of animals remaining normothermic. The DEE of M. murinus remaining normothermic in the rainy season (122 ± 65.4 kJ day−1) was about the same of that of normothermic mouse lemurs in the dry season (115.5 ± 27.3 kJ day−1). During the dry season, the mean DEE of M. murinus that utilised daily torpor was 103.4 ± 32.7 kJ day−1 which is not significantly different from the mean DEE of animals remaining normothermic. We found that the DEE of mouse lemurs using daily torpor was significantly correlated with the mean temperature difference between T sk and T a (r 2=0.37) and with torpor bout length (r 2 =0.46), while none of these factors explained significant amounts of variation in the DEE of the mouse lemurs remaining normothermic. The mean water flux rate of mouse lemurs using daily torpor (13.0 ± 4.1 ml day−1) was significantly lower than that of mouse lemurs remaining normothermic (19.4 ± 3.8 ml day−1), suggesting the lemurs conserve water by entering torpor. Thus, this first study on the energy budget of free-ranging M. murinus demonstrates that torpor may not only reflect its impact on the daily energy demands, but involve wider adaptive implications such as water requirements.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600000146

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7

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Metabolism and temperature regulation during daily torpor in the smallest primate, the pygmy mouse lemur (Microcebus myoxinus) in Madagascar (2000)

Schmid, J. ; Ruf, T. ; Heldmaier, G.

Springer

Journal of comparative physiology 170 (2000), S. 59-68

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ISSN: 1432-136X

Keywords: Key words Body temperature ; Metabolic rate ; Torpor ; Pygmy mouse lemur, Microcebus myoxinus ; Environmental conditions ; Madagascar ; AbbreviationsANOVA analysis of variance ; AMR metabolic rate during active arousal ; MR metabolic rate ; RMR resting metabolic rate ; SD standard deviation ; Ta ambient temperature ; Tb body temperature ; TMR torpid metabolic rate ; VO2 rate of oxygen consumption

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract Thermoregulation, energetics and patterns of torpor in the pygmy mouse lemur, Microcebus myoxinus, were investigated under natural conditions of photoperiod and temperature in the Kirindy/CFPF Forest in western Madagascar. M. myoxinus entered torpor spontaneously during the cool dry season. Torpor only occurred on a daily basis and torpor bout duration was on average 9.6 h, and ranged from 4.6 h to 19.2 h. Metabolic rates during torpor were reduced to about 86% of the normothermic value. Minimum body temperature during daily torpor was 6.8 °C at an ambient temperature of 6.3 °C. Entry into torpor occurred randomly between 2000 and 0620 hours, whereas arousals from torpor were clustered around 1300 hours within a narrow time window of less than 4 h. Arousal from torpor was a two-step process with a first passive climb of body temperature to a mean of 27 °C, carried by the daily increase of ambient temperature when oxygen consumption remained more or less constant, followed by a second active increase of oxygen consumption to further raise the body temperature to normothermic values. In conclusion, daily body temperature rhythms in M. myoxinus further reduce the energetic costs of daily torpor seen in other species: they extend to unusually low body temperatures and consequently low metabolic rates in torpor, and they employ passive warming to reduce the energetic costs of arousal. Thus, these energy-conserving adaptations may represent an important energetic aid to the pygmy mouse lemur and help to promote their individual fitness.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600050008

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