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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen uptake and utilization efficiency of European maize hybrids developed under conditions of low and high nitrogen input (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Maize varieties with improved nitrogen(N)-use efficiency under low soil N conditions can contribute to sustainable agriculture. Tests were carried to see whether selection of European elite lines at low and high N supply would result in hybrids with differential adaptation to these contrasting N conditions. The objective was to analyze whether genotypic differences in N uptake and N-utilization efficiency existed in this material and to what extent these factors contributed to adaptation to low N supply. Twenty-four hybrids developed at low N supply (L × L) were compared with 25 hybrids developed at high N supply (H × H). The N uptake was determined as total above-ground N in whole plants, and N-utilization efficiency as the ratio between grain yield and N uptake in yield trials at four locations and at three N levels each. Highly significant variations as a result of hybrids and hybrids × N-level interaction were observed for grain yield as well as for N uptake and N-utilization efficiency in both hybrid types. Average yields of the L × L hybrids were higher than those of the H × H hybrids by 11.5% at low N supply and 5.4% at medium N level. There was no significant yield difference between the two hybrid types at high N supply. The L × L hybrids showed significantly higher N uptake at the low (12%) and medium (6%) N levels than the H × H hybrids. In contrast, no differences in N-utilization efficiency were observed between the hybrid types. These results indicate that adaptation of hybrids from European elite breeding material to conditions with reduced nitrogen input was possible and was mainly the result of an increase in N-uptake efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00770.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epistasis in Maize (Zea mays L.) III. Comparison of Single and Three-Way Crosses for Forage Traits (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 98 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The importance of epistasis for forage performance and quality traits was studied in early maturing European maize (Zea mays L.) breeding materials. Sixty-six three-way crosses (3W), 33 of the flint x (dent · dent) and 33 of the dem × (flint · flint) type, were compared with the mean of their respective non-parental single crosses (〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:01799541:PBR185:PBR_185_mu1" location="equation/PBR_185_mu1.gif" extraInfo="missing"/〉) using data obtained in six environments. For each of the 11 traits examined, at least 6 out of the 66 three-way crosses displayed significant (P 〈 0.05) epistatic deviations, calculated as 〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:01799541:PBR185:PBR_185_mu1" location="equation/PBR_185_mu1.gif" extraInfo="missing"/〉– 3W. Averaged over crosses and environments, epistatic deviations were highly significant (P 〈 0,31] for 8 trails, but of minor importance except for grain yield. In general, the variance of epistatie deviations was appreciably smaller than the variance of genotype × environment interactions. Highly significant correlations occurred among epistatie deviations for silking date, dry matter content of ear, and dry matter yield of grain and stover. The reliability of predicting the performance of three-way crosses from 2W as opposed to assessing them directly was investigated as a function of the number of test environments. Disturbing e fleets of epistasis on prediction only became important under intense testing (〉 3 or 4 environments), With fewer test environments, both procedures were almost equivalent, due to a smaller influence of genotype × environment interaction on the 〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:01799541:PBR185:PBR_185_mu1" location="equation/PBR_185_mu1.gif" extraInfo="missing"/〉 values, Epistasis is concluded to be of minor importance with regard to the optimum type of hybrid for forage use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01115.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased detectability of somatic changes in the DNA from human tumours after probing with “synthetic” and “genome-derived” hypervariable multilocus probes (1989)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 84 (1989), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary DNA fingerprinting with two minisatellite (33.15, M13) and two simple repeat probes [(GACA)4, (CAC)4/ (GTG)5] was performed to screen for somatic changes in the DNA from various solid human tumours in comparison with constitutional DNA from the same patient. Loss of bands or changes in band intensitities were observed. Together the probes 33.15 and (CAC)5/(GTG)5 detected deviating fingerprint patterns in 63% of the colorectal carcinomas investigated. In mammary and stomach carcinomas, only 1/11 and 2/11 tumours, respectively, showed differences with either of the three probes, 33.15, (GACA)4 and (CAC)5/(GTG)5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210667
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimum prediction of three-way crosses from single crosses in forage maize (Zea mays L.) (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 74 (1987), S. 339-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Epistasis ; Genotype x environment inter-actions ; Forage maize breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Three-way cross means were predicted with formulae involving linear functions of general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects estimated from single-cross factorials between genetically divergent populations. Data from an experiment with 66 single-cross and 66 three-way cross forage maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids was used for comparing the prediction formulae. The genotypic correlation (r) between observed and predicted three-way crosses increased with increasing χ, the weighting factor of SCA effects, for plant height and ear dry matter (DM) content. It displayed slightly convex curves for total and stover DM yield, ear percentage, and metabolizable energy content of stover. For Jenkins' method B, r was considerably less than 1.0 for all traits, indicating the presence of epistasis. The square root of heritability (hĜ) of the predicted means decreased with increasing χ, the reduction being small with a greater number of test environments. Using the product r·hĜ as a criterion of efficiency, none of the prediction methods was consistently superior and the differences among them were rather small (〈 7.5%) for all traits, irrespective of the number of test environments. We recommend evaluating the GCA of a greater number of lines from each parent population in testcrosses with a small number of elite lines from the opposite population. All possible three-way or double crosses between both sets of lines should be predicted by Jenkins's method C. This procedure allows one to select with a higher intensity among the predicted hybrids and thus should increase the genetic gain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274716
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  • 5
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    Improving Nitrogen‐Use Efficiency in European Maize (2003)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0011-183X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0653
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
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    Increased detectability of somatic changes in the DNA from human tumours after probing with ?synthetic? and ?genome-derived? hypervariable multilocus probes (1989)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-6717
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1203
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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