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  • 2005-2009  (265)
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  • 1
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    A nuclear receptor-like pathway regulating multidrug resistance in fungi (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-04
    Description: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious complication during treatment of opportunistic fungal infections that frequently afflict immunocompromised individuals, such as transplant recipients and cancer patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy. Improved knowledge of the molecular pathways controlling MDR in pathogenic fungi should facilitate the development of novel therapies to combat these intransigent infections. MDR is often caused by upregulation of drug efflux pumps by members of the fungal zinc-cluster transcription-factor family (for example Pdr1p orthologues). However, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we show that Pdr1p family members in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the human pathogen Candida glabrata directly bind to structurally diverse drugs and xenobiotics, resulting in stimulated expression of drug efflux pumps and induction of MDR. Notably, this is mechanistically similar to regulation of MDR in vertebrates by the PXR nuclear receptor, revealing an unexpected functional analogy of fungal and metazoan regulators of MDR. We have also uncovered a critical and specific role of the Gal11p/MED15 subunit of the Mediator co-activator and its activator-targeted KIX domain in antifungal/xenobiotic-dependent regulation of MDR. This detailed mechanistic understanding of a fungal nuclear receptor-like gene regulatory pathway provides novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of multidrug-resistant fungal infections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thakur, Jitendra K -- Arthanari, Haribabu -- Yang, Fajun -- Pan, Shih-Jung -- Fan, Xiaochun -- Breger, Julia -- Frueh, Dominique P -- Gulshan, Kailash -- Li, Darrick K -- Mylonakis, Eleftherios -- Struhl, Kevin -- Moye-Rowley, W Scott -- Cormack, Brendan P -- Wagner, Gerhard -- Naar, Anders M -- A1046223/PHS HHS/ -- CA127990/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- EB2026/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- GM071449/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM30186/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM47467/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM49825/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA127990/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 3;452(7187):604-9. doi: 10.1038/nature06836.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18385733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antifungal Agents/metabolism/pharmacology ; Candida glabrata/drug effects/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; *Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal/genetics ; Genes, Fungal/genetics ; Mediator Complex ; Multigene Family ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Steroid/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects/genetics/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic/genetics ; Xenobiotics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Asian scientists and the "glass ceiling" (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-12-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hung, Mien-Chie -- Fong, Kenneth -- Li, Joseph K-K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Dec 16;310(5755):1767-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Asian Americans ; *Career Mobility ; Humans ; Science/*manpower ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Oceanographic basis of the global surface distribution of Prochlorococcus ecotypes (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-05-13
    Description: By using data collected during a continuous circumnavigation of the Southern Hemisphere, we observed clear patterns in the population-genetic structure of Prochlorococcus, the most abundant photosynthetic organism on Earth, between and within the three Southern Subtropical Gyres. The same mechanisms that were previously invoked to account for the vertical distribution of ecotypes at local scales accounted for the global (horizontal) patterns we observed. Basin-scale and seasonal variations in the structure and strength of vertical stratification provide a basis for understanding large-scale horizontal distribution in genetic and physiological traits of Prochlorococcus, and perhaps of marine microbial communities in general.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bouman, Heather A -- Ulloa, Osvaldo -- Scanlan, David J -- Zwirglmaier, Katrin -- Li, William K W -- Platt, Trevor -- Stuart, Venetia -- Barlow, Ray -- Leth, Ole -- Clementson, Lesley -- Lutz, Vivian -- Fukasawa, Masao -- Watanabe, Shuichi -- Sathyendranath, Shubha -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 12;312(5775):918-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratorio de Procesos Oceanograficos y Clima, Departamento de Oceanografia, and Centro de Investigacion Oceanografica en el Pacifico Sur-Oriental, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile. heather@profc.udec.cl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atlantic Ocean ; Biomass ; Chlorophyll/analysis ; Climate ; Colony Count, Microbial ; *Ecosystem ; Flow Cytometry ; Indian Ocean ; Light ; Oceanography ; Pacific Ocean ; Phytoplankton/*genetics/*growth & development/physiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prochlorococcus/classification/*genetics/*growth & development/physiology ; Seasons ; Seawater/*microbiology ; Temperature ; Vinyl Compounds/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Laonastes and the "Lazarus effect" in recent mammals (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-11
    Description: The living Laotian rodent Laonastes aenigmamus, first described in early 2005, has been interpreted as the sole member of the new family Laonastidae on the basis of its distinctive morphology and apparent phylogenetic isolation from other living rodents. Here we show that Laonastes is actually a surviving member of the otherwise extinct rodent family Diatomyidae, known from early Oligocene to late Miocene sites in Pakistan, India, Thailand, China, and Japan. Laonastes is a particularly striking example of the "Lazarus effect" in Recent mammals, whereby a taxon that was formerly thought to be extinct is rediscovered in the extant biota, in this case after a temporal gap of roughly 11 million years.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dawson, Mary R -- Marivaux, Laurent -- Li, Chuan-Kui -- Beard, K Christopher -- Metais, Gregoire -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Mar 10;311(5766):1456-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Vertebrate Paleontology, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. dawsonm@carnegiemnh.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16527978" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Asia ; *Biological Evolution ; Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology ; Mandible/anatomy & histology ; Phylogeny ; *Rodentia/anatomy & histology/classification ; Tooth/anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Coherent sign switching in multiyear trends of microbial plankton (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-25
    Description: Since the 1990s, phytoplankton biomass on the continental shelf of Nova Scotia and in the Labrador Sea has undergone sustained changes in the spring and fall, which are accompanied by changes in bacterioplankton that are dampened in amplitude but coherent in the direction of change. A reversal of trend in biomass change, so-called sign switching, occurs both in time and in space. Thus, whenever (spring or fall) and wherever (Scotian Shelf or Labrador Sea) phytoplankton increase or decrease, so also does bacterioplankton. This tandem sign switch indicates coupling of the trophic levels at a multiyear time scale and contributes to an ecological fingerprint of systemwide forcing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, William K W -- Harrison, W Glen -- Head, Erica J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Feb 24;311(5764):1157-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2Y 4A2, Canada. LiB@mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16497934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atlantic Ocean ; Bacteria/*growth & development ; Biomass ; Chlorophyll/analysis ; *Ecosystem ; Phytoplankton/*growth & development ; Plankton/*growth & development ; Seasons ; Seawater/*microbiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Proton radiography of inertial fusion implosions (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-03-01
    Description: A distinctive way of quantitatively imaging inertial fusion implosions has resulted in the characterization of two different types of electromagnetic configurations and in the measurement of the temporal evolution of capsule size and areal density. Radiography with a pulsed, monoenergetic, isotropic proton source reveals field structures through deflection of proton trajectories, and areal densities are quantified through the energy lost by protons while traversing the plasma. The two field structures consist of (i) many radial filaments with complex striations and bifurcations, permeating the entire field of view, of magnetic field magnitude 60 tesla and (ii) a coherent, centrally directed electric field of order 10(9) volts per meter, seen in proximity to the capsule surface. Although the mechanism for generating these fields is unclear, their effect on implosion dynamics is potentially consequential.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rygg, J R -- Seguin, F H -- Li, C K -- Frenje, J A -- Manuel, M J-E -- Petrasso, R D -- Betti, R -- Delettrez, J A -- Gotchev, O V -- Knauer, J P -- Meyerhofer, D D -- Marshall, F J -- Stoeckl, C -- Theobald, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Feb 29;319(5867):1223-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1152640.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18309079" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Photoexcited CRY2 interacts with CIB1 to regulate transcription and floral initiation in Arabidopsis (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-11-08
    Description: Cryptochromes (CRY) are photolyase-like blue-light receptors that mediate light responses in plants and animals. How plant cryptochromes act in response to blue light is not well understood. We report here the identification and characterization of the Arabidopsis CIB1 (cryptochrome-interacting basic-helix-loop-helix) protein. CIB1 interacts with CRY2 (cryptochrome 2) in a blue light-specific manner in yeast and Arabidopsis cells, and it acts together with additional CIB1-related proteins to promote CRY2-dependent floral initiation. CIB1 binds to G box (CACGTG) in vitro with a higher affinity than its interaction with other E-box elements (CANNTG). However, CIB1 stimulates FT messenger RNA expression, and it interacts with chromatin DNA of the FT gene that possesses various E-box elements except G box. We propose that the blue light-dependent interaction of cryptochrome(s) with CIB1 and CIB1-related proteins represents an early photoreceptor signaling mechanism in plants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, Hongtao -- Yu, Xuhong -- Li, Kunwu -- Klejnot, John -- Yang, Hongyun -- Lisiero, Dominique -- Lin, Chentao -- GM56265/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM056265/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Dec 5;322(5907):1535-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1163927. Epub 2008 Nov 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18988809" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/genetics/growth & development/*physiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Cryptochromes ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Flowers/*growth & development ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Light ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Binding ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Plant/genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Smallest algae thrive as the Arctic Ocean freshens (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-11
    Description: As climate changes and the upper Arctic Ocean receives more heat and fresh water, it becomes more difficult for mixing processes to deliver nutrients from depth to the surface for phytoplankton growth. Competitive advantage will presumably accrue to small cells because they are more effective in acquiring nutrients and less susceptible to gravitational settling than large cells. Since 2004, we have discerned an increase in the smallest algae and bacteria along with a concomitant decrease in somewhat larger algae. If this trend toward a community of smaller cells is sustained, it may lead to reduced biological production at higher trophic levels.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, William K W -- McLaughlin, Fiona A -- Lovejoy, Connie -- Carmack, Eddy C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 23;326(5952):539. doi: 10.1126/science.1179798.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. LiB@mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19900890" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arctic Regions ; Bacteria/cytology/growth & development ; Biomass ; *Ecosystem ; Eukaryota/cytology/*growth & development ; Oceans and Seas ; Phytoplankton/cytology/*growth & development ; Population Dynamics ; Salinity ; *Seawater/chemistry/microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of Semiconductor Quantum Dot Growth (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 121-123 (Mar. 2007), p. 1073-1076 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Performing an event-based continuous kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation, Weinvestigate the growth conditions which are important to form semiconductor quantum dot (QD) inmolecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system. The simulation results provide a detailed characterization ofthe atomic kinetic effects. The KMC simulation is also used to explore the effects of periodic strain tothe epitaxy growth of QD. The simulation results are in well qualitative agreement with experiments
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/23/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.121-123.1073.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Heat Treatments on the Nb〈sub〉3〈/sub〉Sn Composite Strands (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 546-549 (May 2007), p. 2023-2026 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Nb3Sn superconductors are widely used in high magnetic field application. Internal tinprocessed Nb3Sn wires used for ITER coils (at 4.2K, 12T) were heated by two steps, local heattreatment and reaction heat treatments. The superconducting properties of Nb3Sn were investigated asa function of reaction heat treatment (HT) for strands during 625℃~665℃.To study the heattreatment effects on Jcn and n-value of Nb3Sn strands, different HT-parameters, i.e., annealingtemperature and times, were applied on the Nb3Sn multifilament strands
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/16/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.546-549.2023.pdf
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