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  • 1
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    Surface Rupture of the November 2002 M7.9 Denali Fault Earthquake, Alaska, and Comparison to Other Strike-Slip Ruptures (2005)
    Earthquake Engineering Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-14
    Description: On November 3, 2002, a moment-magnitude (Mw) 7.9 earthquake produced 340 km of surface rupture on the Denali fault and two related faults in central Alaska. The rupture, which proceeded from west to east, began with a 40-km-long break on a previously unknown thrust fault. Estimates of surface slip on this thrust were 3-6 m. Next came the principal surface break, along 220 km of the Denali fault. There, right-lateral offset averaged almost 5 m and increased eastward to a maximum of nearly 9 m. Finally, slip turned southeastward onto the Totschunda fault, where dextral offsets up to 3 m continued for another 70 km. This three-part rupture ranks among the longest documented strike-slip events of the past two centuries. The surface-slip distribution supports and clarifies models of seismological and geodetic data that indicated initial thrusting followed by rightlateral strike slip, with the largest moment release near the east end of the Denali fault. The Denali fault ruptured beneath the Trans-Alaska oil pipeline. The pipeline withstood almost 6 m of lateral offset, because engineers designed it to survive such offsets based on pre-construction geological studies. The Denali fault earthquake was typical of large-magnitude earthquakes on major intracontinental strike-slip faults, in the length of the rupture, the multiple fault strands that ruptured, and the variable slip along strike.
    Description: Published
    Description: 565-578
    Description: open
    Keywords: Earth crust ; earthquakes ; faulting ; slip ; pipelines ; Denali fault ; Susitna Glacier fault ; Totschunda fault ; Surface rupture ; November 3, 2002 M7.9 earthquake ; Alaska ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 1464275 bytes
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  • 2
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    Surface Rupture and Slip Distribution of the Denali and Totschunda Faults (2005)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The 3 November 2002 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake resulted in 341 km of surface rupture on the Susitna Glacier, Denali, and Totschunda faults. The rupture proceeded from west to east and began with a 48-km-long break on the previously unknown Susitna Glacier thrust fault. Slip on this thrust averaged about 4 m (Crone et al., 2004). Next came the principal surface break, along 226 km of the Denali fault, with average right-lateral offsets of 4.5–5.1 m and a maximum offset of 8.8 m near its eastern end. The Denali fault trace is commonly left stepping and north side up. About 99 km of the fault ruptured through glacier ice, where the trace orientation was commonly influenced by local ice fabric. Finally, slip transferred southeastward onto the Totschunda fault and continued for another 66 km where dextral offsets average 1.6–1.8 m. The transition from the Denali fault to the Totschunda fault occurs over a complex 25-km-long transfer zone of right-slip and normal fault traces. Three methods of calculating average surface slip all yield a moment magnitude of Mw 7.8, in very good agreement with the seismologically determined magnitude of M 7.9. A comparison of strong-motion inversions for moment release with our slip distribution shows they have a similar pattern. The locations of the two largest pulses of moment release correlate with the locations of increasing steps in the average values of observed slip. This suggests that slipdistribution data can be used to infer moment release along other active fault traces.
    Description: Published
    Description: S23–S52
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Surface Rupture ; Slip Distribution ; Denali fault ; Totschunda fault ; 3 November 2002 M 7.9 Earthquake ; Alaska ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Holocene Slip Rate for the Western Segment of the Castle Mountain Fault, Alaska (2007)
    Seismological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-01
    Description: The western segment of the Castle Mountain fault poses a significant seismic hazard to the most populated region of south-central Alaska. We identify a previously unrecognized margin of a postglacial outwash channel that is offset right laterally 36+ or -4 m across the western segment of the Castle Mountain fault. This offset occurred after glaciers withdrew from the lowland 11,300-15,380 cal yr B.P. and after outwash channel margins were cut and stabilized 11,210-13,470 cal yr B.P. Using these ages and the measured separation, we obtain a maximum slip rate of 3.0+ or -0.6 mm yr (super -1) and a minimum slip rate of 2.8+ or -0.7 mm yr (super -1) . These are the first lateral slip rates for the Castle Mountain fault established by a field measurement. Based on timing of the most recent earthquake, 670+ or -60 yr B.P., the Castle Mountain fault could have accumulated an average single-event slip of about 1.9 m (extremes range from 1.3 to 2.6 m). The fault consists of two segments; a surface-rupturing earthquake likely will be limited to the 62-km-long western segment. Area-magnitude regression calculations suggest that such an earthquake on the western Castle Mountain fault would have a moment magnitude of 6.9 to 7.3.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America
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  • 4
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    Deformation driven by subduction and microplate collision: Geodynamics of Cook Inlet basin, Alaska (2006)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America
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  • 5
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    Utility of aeromagnetic studies for mapping of potentially active faults in two forearc basins: Puget Sound, Washington, and Cook Inlet, Alaska (2005)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-08-01
    Description: High-resolution aeromagnetic surveys over forearc basins can detect faults and folds in weakly magnetized sediments, thus providing geologic constraints on tectonic evolution and improved understanding of seismic hazards in convergent-margin settings. Puget Sound, Washington, and Cook Inlet, Alaska, provide two case histories. In each lowland region, shallow-source magnetic anomalies are related to active folds and/or faults. Mapping these structures is critical for understanding seismic hazards that face the urban regions of Seattle, Washington, and Anchorage, Alaska. Similarities in aeromagnetic anomaly patterns and magnetic stratigraphy between the two regions suggest that we can expect the aeromagnetic method to yield useful structural information that may contribute to earth-hazard and energy resource investigations in other forearc basins.
    Print ISSN: 1343-8832
    Electronic ISSN: 1880-5981
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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