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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature and current discharge on the concentration and photosynthetic activity of the phytoplankton in the upper Mississippi River (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 9 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. Temperature and current discharge regulated phytoplanktonic concentration, chlorophyll-a concentration, the light-saturated rate of photosynthesis (Pmax), and photosynthetic capacity (Pcap) in the Mississippi River at Prairie Island, Minnesota. The chlorophyll-a maximum was 48 mg m−3 in 1975, a wet year with a high current discharge, and 190 mg m−3 in 1976, a relatively dry year. The highest values of Pmax were 0.37 (mgO2 I−1h−1) in 1975 and 1.60 in 1976. Pcap varied from 3 to 21 (gO2 per g chlorophyll-a h−1) both years, and its value was highly correlated with temperature. The temperature optimum shifted from 16°C for Pcap in the spring, to greater than 28°C in the summer. Multiple regression analysis indicated a second-order relationship of Pcap in the spring to temperature. Other independent variables explained only negligible variation of Pcap.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1979.tb01502.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genome-wide expression analysis of iron regulation in Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei using DNA microarrays (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 252 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Burkholderia pseudomallei and B. mallei are the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively. As iron regulation of gene expression is common in bacteria, in the present studies, we have used microarray analysis to examine the effects of growth in different iron concentrations on the regulation of gene expression in B. pseudomallei and B. mallei. Gene expression profiles for these two bacterial species were similar under high and low iron growth conditions irrespective of growth phase. Growth in low iron led to reduced expression of genes encoding most respiratory metabolic systems and proteins of putative function, such as NADH-dehydrogenases, cytochrome oxidases, and ATP-synthases. In contrast, genes encoding siderophore-mediated iron transport, heme-hemin receptors, and a variety of metabolic enzymes for alternative metabolism were induced under low iron conditions. The overall gene expression profiles suggest that B. pseudomallei and B. mallei are able to adapt to the iron-restricted conditions in the host environment by up-regulating an iron-acquisition system and by using alternative metabolic pathways for energy production. The observations relative to the induction of specific metabolic enzymes during bacterial growth under low iron conditions warrants further experimentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.09.043
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF DEHYDRATED SALTED FISH-SOY CAKES (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 42 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method for producing a dehydrated, salted fish-soy product was developed. The best results were obtained when mechanically deboned flounder meat from headed and gutted fish frames (“racks”) was thoroughly mixed with salt (30% of the meat weight), soybean curd (20% of the meat weight) and the mixture was subjected to a pressure of 75 psi to remove juices and form cohesive cakes. The cakes were dried at 50°C for 8 hr to give a final product of 49.8% crude protein, 14.4% moisture, 21.1% salt and 5.3% crude fat. The salt was effectively removed from the product in preparation for consumption by bringing the fish-soy cake to a boil in three changes of water. Such a product can be made economically with the use of simple equipment and therefore could serve as an inexpensive protein for the developing countries. Further development work and appropriate acceptance trials with a given target population seem desirable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1977.tb12598.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECTS OF ANTIOXIDANTS AND CHELATORS ON THE STABILITY OF FROZEN STORED MECHANICALLY DEBONED FLOUNDER MEAT FROM RACKS AFTER FILLETING (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 42 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Using a mechanical deboner (Beehive), over 60% edible flesh was obtained from the “racks” (headed and gutted fish frames obtained as filleting waste). However, this meat developed an unattractive color during frozen storage and undesirable organoleptic changes occurred. The effectiveness of a combination of antioxidants, chelating agents and polyphosphates in retarding the development of rancidity, color deterioration and decrease of protein extractability in mechanically deboned flounder meat (MDFM) during frozen storage was studied. The most effective treatment to minimize undesirable change was a 1 min dip of the racks, prior to deboning, in a pH 4.5 solution of 0.5% each of ascorbic and citric acids and 0.2% each of Na2EDTA and Kena (Calgon), followed by a postdeboning addition of 0.3% each of ascorbic and citric acids and 0.2% each of Kena and Na2 EDTA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1977.tb12597.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CLARIFICATION OF CITRUS JUICES WITH POLYGALACTURONIC ACID (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 41 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Polygalacturonic acid (PGA), dissolved by neutralization with KOH, rapidly clarified lime, lemon, grapefruit, orange, and apple juices, orange and grapefruit pulp wash liquors, and lemon peel juice. In 1 hr turbidity was reduced to 5% or less of its original value in orange, grapefruit, and lemon juices, 12% in lime juice, 8% in grapefruit pulp wash liquor, and 11% in lemon peel juices. Turbidities of apple juice and orange pulp wash liquor were reduced to 30 and 38%. Optimum PGA concentration ranged from 75-500 ppm. Clarification was pH dependent, with different commercial preparations differing in pH optima. Optimal pH for clarification varied directly with PGA molecular weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1976.tb14416.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES AND THE FUNCTIONALITY OF CHICKEN EGG ALBUMEN (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 43 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Egg white was subjected to proteolysis by ficin, bromelin, papain, trypsin and protease; changes in functional properties were monitored. Many of the changes observed were due to the addition of enzyme rather than actual proteolysis (e.g., foam volume increase, foam stability decrease, and angel cake volume increase). The angel cake volume showed a further increase with proteolysis; however, off-flavors were also noted. In experiments with ficin and bromelin, proteolysis by both enzymes decreased the coagulum strength while only ficin decreased the amount of noncoagulable protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1978.tb09795.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PALATABILITY AND OTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF REPEATEDLY REFROZEN CHICKEN BROILERS (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 41 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To determine the effect of refreezing on broiler carcasses, three separate lots of commercially processed chickens were packaged in polyethylene bags and frozen at -18° or -30°C. At 2–4 day intervals they were thawed at room temperature for 7–8 hr (to 4°C internal). Random carcasses were removed for testing and the remainder refrozen, up to five times. Tests included taste paneling and visual observations for sliminess and bone discoloration, total moisture, TBA values, shear values and total viable counts. Total drip and total losses were also calculated. Results showed that taste panel scores for tenderness, juiciness, flavor and overall acceptability of roasted breast meat were not affected by five refreezings. Visual observations showed no appreciable increase in sliminess or bone discoloration due to repeated refreezings. Total drip increased but total loss (which included cooking losses) changed little after the first refreezing. Total moisture in the cooked product and shear values for dark meat showed no change, while shear values for light meat decreased. TBA values did not increase over those for the control until after four refreezings. It appears, from the results of this study, that poultry can be safely refrozen several times, providing the meat is handled properly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1976.tb00637.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF MICROBIAL ANTAGONISM TO EXTENDED STORAGE STABILITY OF A FLESH TYPE FOOD (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 44 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The shelf life of both refrigerated ground and mechanically deboned poultry meat was extended by 2 days using the resting cells of the starter cultures Pediococcus cerevisiae (Accel) and Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactacel DS). The microbial population of the treated sample was 10% of that of the control at the onset of “off-odor” in the control. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) did not decrease the pH of the meat. Fluorescent psychrotrophic colonies were not detected in the treated samples, but were present in the control. P. cerevisiae in Buffered Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BBHI) inhibited Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putrefaciens more than Pseudomonas fragi. L. plantarum in BBHI inhibited the growth of P. fluorescens and P. fragi and caused P putrefaciens to lose its ability to form colonies on Tryptic Soy Agar. The meat starter cultures in BBHI totally inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus at 15°C. Using the “spot on the lawn” technique both LAB produced an antagonistic agent only against S. aureus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1979.tb09999.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ROBERTSBRIDGE FLOOD ALLEVIATION SCHEME: THE CHALLENGES OF A FAST-TRACK APPROACH (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 19 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: flooding occurred in many locations in the united kingdom in the autumn/winter of 2000. One of the worst affected areas was Robertsbridge, in East Sussex, where over that winter, some properties were flooded up to eight times following those events, the environment agency targeted defences for this high-risk township as one of its high priority projects to‘fast-track’to implementation.studies started in January 2001, which recommended a stand-alone scheme that would project the township against the 1% probability flood. Project development progressed on a‘fast-track’basis to allow construction to start in September 2002 with completion planned in the summary of 2003.project development and implementation is always an obstacle course but the‘fast-track’approach magnifies the obstacle and introduces new ones. This paper describes experience from the Robertsbridge flood allevation scheme, with particular reference to some of the problems encountered, both technical and procedural
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2005.tb01583.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GENETIC CONTROL OF THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO TYPE III PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE IN MICE (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 3 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Recombinant-inbred strains of mice, as well as the progenitor strains from which they were derived, were evaluated with respect to the capacity of B cells to respond to an optimally immunogenic dose of Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) and the amount of suppressor and amplifier T cell activity present. None of these functional activities was found to be linked to genes within the major histocompatibility (H-2) or the IgCH allotype complex, and several autosomal genes appeared to govern the expression of each of these characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1976.tb00584.x
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