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  • 2005-2009  (116)
  • 1985-1989  (25)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TASTE PERCEPTIONS AND DIETARY INTAKES OF SMOKELESS TOBACCO USERS AND NONTOBACCO USERS (2005)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of sensory studies 20 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-459X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Smokeless tobacco and nontobacco users differed for certain concentrations of perceived intensities of the four solutions – significantly for sweet (P ≤ 0.008) and salty (P = 0.001). Sensitivity to salty (P = 0.02) and bitter (P = 0.11) solutions decreased with increasing hours of exposure to smokeless tobacco. Smokeless tobacco and nontobacco users rated fruits and vegetables for preference and the four taste senses differently, with a decreasing trend for sweet tastes in smokeless tobacco users with increasing hours of exposure to smokeless tobacco. Smokeless tobacco users consumed more total fat (P = 0.06) and fat per 1000 kcal (P = 0.13) than nontobacco users. Higher intakes of total fat (P = 0.005), total fat per 1000 kcal (P = 0.18), total sodium (P = 0.03) and total Vitamin E (P = 0.06) were found with increasing hours of exposure to smokeless tobacco. Although fruit and vegetable intakes did not differ between smokeless tobacco and nontobacco users, both groups should increase their consumption of fruits and vegetables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-459X.2005.00022.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Markoff chain modelling of NDI techniques (2005)
    PO Box 1354, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2XG, UK. : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 28 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A procedure for non-destructive inspection by taking into account the effects of stochastic fatigue crack growth is presented. For this purpose a Markoff chain model is used to update the crack statistics, allowing an efficient computational implementation and a clear account of the involved concepts. In this context, perfect and imperfect removal of cracks, respectively, are considered, which represent idealizations defining bounds for actual situations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2004.00853.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of carbon-11 in Populus shows that exogenous jasmonic acid increases biosynthesis of isoprene from recently fixed carbon (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 28 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A new approach for pulse labelling of plants using the short-lived positron emitting radioisotope carbon-11 (half-life: 20.4 min) as 11CO2 is reported together with its application to measuring [11C]isoprene emissions from intact leaves capturing information associated with: (1) rate of emission; (2) the relative contribution of recently fixed carbon to isoprene biosynthesis; and (3) the transit time for tracer movement through the leaf and biochemical pathways associated with isoprene biosynthesis. This approach was applied to study the response of certain Populus species to exogenous treatments of jasmonic acid (JA), a plant hormone implicated in signal transduction linked to defence response against herbivory. Twelve hours after treatment of single intact leaves of aspen (Populus tremuloides) with a 1 m m JA spray, isoprene emissions from those leaves increased 1.5 times the controls from 35.4 ± 2.2 to 53.1 ± 4.8 nmol m−2 s−1. [11C]Isoprene emissions from the same leaves, reflecting the isoprene that was derived from recently fixed carbon, increased much more, to 2.2 times the controls. This increase coincided with a change in emitted [11C]isoprene from 0.31 to 0.68% of 11C fixed in the leaf tissue, while the tracer transit time remained constant at 12.5 min. These results suggest that JA had no effect on enzyme kinetics involved in isoprene biosynthesis, but did impact the source of recent carbon feeding that pathway. Studies with poplar (Populus nigra clone NC 5271) showed similar trends in systemic emissions (from an untreated leaf on the same plant).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01303.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constitutive expression of yeast phospholipid biosynthetic genes by variants of Ino2 activator defective for interaction with Opi1 repressor (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 56 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Regulated expression of structural genes involved in yeast phospholipid biosynthesis is mediated by inositol/choline-responsive element (ICRE) upstream motifs, bound by the heterodimeric activator complex Ino2 + Ino4. Gene repression occurs in the presence of sufficient inositol and choline, requiring an intact Opi1 repressor which binds to Ino2. For a better understanding of interactions among regulators, we mapped an 18 aa repressor interaction domain (RID, aa 118–135) within Ino2 necessary and sufficient for binding by Opi1. By alanine scanning mutagenesis of the entire RID we were able to identify nine residues critical for Opi1-dependent repression of Ino2 function. Consequently, the corresponding dominant Ino2 variants conferred constitutive expression of an ICRE-dependent reporter gene and were no longer inhibited even by overproduction of Opi1. Interestingly, Ino2 RID partially overlaps with transcriptional activation domain TAD2. As certain mutations exclusively affect repression while others affect both repression and activation, both functions of Ino2 can be functionally uncoupled. Correspondingly, we mapped the RID–binding activator interaction domain (AID, aa 321–380) at the C-terminus of Opi1 and introduced missense mutations at selected positions. An Opi1 variant simultaneously mutated at three highly conserved positions showed complete loss of repressor function, confirming RID–AID interaction as the crucial step of regulated expression of ICRE-dependent genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04499.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of spatial correlation of concrete strength on the failure probabilities of reinforced concrete chinneys (1989)
    Springer
    Materials and structures 22 (1989), S. 255-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract A procedure to estimate the failure probabilities of reinforced concrete (R/C) chimneys under severe wind loading which allows for considering realistic correlation values of concrete strength is developed. The results show that the assumption of full correlation of concrete strength within cross-sections, as suggested for example in present codes, may significantly overestimate the failure rates in present examples by two orders of magnitude. However, it is also shown that not only one but a number of cross-sections may contribute to the total failure rate of R/C chimneys. As a consequence, the failure estimates increase, in some cases by as much as two orders of magnitude. In the numerical examples as investigated here these counteracting effects neutralize each other. This fact, however, should not be generalized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02472557
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite-Element-Simulation of Interfacial Crack Propagation: Cross-Check of Simulation Results with the Essential Work of Interfacial Fracture Method (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 312 (June 2006), p. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: An advanced finite-element model for the complete failure process of a double notched specimen with crack tip blunting caused by yielding and subsequent crack propagation is used for the simulation of realistic specimens. Cracks in a homogeneous material and bimaterial cracks are studied. The calculated load-displacement curves show generally the shape known from experiments and theoretical considerations. The simulation allows determination of a working rangeof set up parameters like geometry, test speed or clamping conditions.The numerical model simulates crack propagation on the basis of a criterion which is similar to the energy release rate. The essential work of interfacial fracture method provides a method to determine the fracture toughness from load-displacement curves. This method is well suited to check the numerical simulation because both use an energy based failure criterion. If applied to simulated load-displacement curves the resulting essential work of interfacial fracture shoulddirectly match the fracture criterion used as input for the simulation.In fact, the data reduction of the simulated curves results in values for the fracture toughness that almost perfectly match the input values of the simulation. This agreement is a strong argument for the consistency of the simulation and the data reduction scheme
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/51/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.312.9.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of the Gaussian-like HE11 mode from gyrotron TEOn mode mixtures at 70 GHz (1985)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 6 (1985), S. 459-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Keywords: high-power millimeter waves ; gyrotron ; electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) ; overmoded waveguide systems ; mode conversion ; linearly polarized narrow pencil beam
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This work reports calculations and measurements on mode converters for the transformation of TEOn gyrotron mode mixtures (primarily TEO2) into the linearly polarized HE11 hybrid mode at 70 GHz. This mode is ideal for quasi-optical launching systems for ECRH of plasmas. Mode transducers with axisymmetric radius perturbations convert the gyrotron TEOn mode composition into the TEO1 mode. Proper matching of the phase differences between the various modes and of the perturbation amplitudes of the several converter sections is required. The TEO1 wave is used for long-distance transmission through smooth-walled overmoded waveguides. A mode converter with constant diameter and periodically perturbed curvature transfers the unpolarized TEO1 mode into the polarized TE11 wave. The experimentally determined ΣTEOn-to-TEO1 conversion efficiency is (98.5±1)% (99% predicted) while the TEO1-to-TE11 transformer has a (94±2)% efficiency (93% theoretically); ohmic losses are included. The “Gaussian-like” HE11 mode with axisymmetric power distribution and almost no cross polarization is produced in a circumferentially corrugated TE11-to-HE11 mode transducer with a measured conversion efficiency of (98.3±1.5)% (98.5% predicted). The overall efficiency of the complete mode converter system in the desired mode was determined to be (91±2.5)%. High-power operation (200kW, 100ms) has been successfully demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01010037
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Putative target sites for mobile G+C rich clusters in yeast mitochondrial DNA: Single elements and tandem arrays (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 218 (1989), S. 272-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: GC clusters ; Mobile elements ; Target sites ; mtDNA ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary GC clusters constitute the major repetitive elements in the mitochondrial (mt) genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Many of these clusters are optional and thus contribute much to the polymorphism of yeast mtDNAs. We have made a systematic search for polymorphic sites by comparing mtDNA sequences of various yeast strains. Most of the 26 di- or polymorphic sites found differ by the presence or absence of a GC cluster of the majority class, here referred to as the M class, which terminate with an AGGAG motif. Comparison of sequences with and without the GC clusters reveal that elements of the subclasses M1 and M2 are inserted 3′ to a TAG, flanked by A+T rich sequences. M3 elements, in contrast, only occur in tandem arrays of two to four GC clusters; they are consistently inserted 3′ to the AGGAG terminal sequence of a preexisting cluster. The TAG or the terminal AGGAG, therefore, are regarded as being part of the target sites for M1 and M2 or M3 elements, respectively. The dinucleotide AG is in common to both target sites; it also occurs at the 3′ terminus (AGGAG). This suggests its duplication during GC cluster insertion. This notion is supported by the observation that GC clusters of the minor classes G and V similarily repeat at their 3′ terminus a GT or an AA dinucleotide, respectively, from their putative target sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331278
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and expression analysis of two yeast regulatory genes involved in the derepression of glucose-repressible enzymes (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 209 (1987), S. 366-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Glucose repression ; Glucose derepression ; Regulatory genes ; Expression analysis ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Yeast strains carrying one of the two regulatory mutations cat1 and cat3 are defectve in derepression of several glucose-repressible enzymes that are necessary for utilizing non-fermentable carbon sources. Hence, these strains fail to grow on ethanol, glycerol or acetate. The synthesis of isocitrate lyase, malate synthase, malate dehydrogenase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase is strongly affected in cat1 and cat3 strains. Genes CAT1 and CAT3 have been isolated by complementation of the cognate, mutations after transformation with an episomal plasmid gene library. The restriction map of CAT1 proved its allelism to the earlier isolated SNF1 gene. Both genes appear to exist as single-copy genes per haploid genome as indicated by Southern hybridization. Northern analysis has shown that the 1.35 kb CAT3 mRNA is constitutively expressed, independent of the carbon source in the medium. Derepression studies with CAT3 transformants using a multi-copy plasmid showed over-expression of glyoxylate cycle enzymes. This result would be consistent with a direct effector function for the CAT3 gene product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329667
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verzweigte und kettenverlängerte Zucker, XXX. Diastereoselektive Synthese von L-glycero-D-manno-Heptose, einem Baustein der inneren Core-Region von Lipopolysacchariden (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1986 (1986), S. 675-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Branched and Chain-extended Sugars, XXX.  -  Diastereoselective Synthesis of L-glycero-D-manno-Heptose, a Constituent of the Inner Core Region of LipopolysaccharidesReaction of 2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-mannofuranose (1) with 2-lithio-1,3-dithiane affords diastereoselectively the 3,4;6,7-di-O-isopropylidene-D-glycero-D-galacto-heptose trimethylene dithioacetal (3). Conversion of compound 3 by a sequence of steps gives the tri-O-isopropylidene-D-glycero-D-galacto-heptit 16 which is oxidized with 1,1′-(azodicarbonyl)-dipiperidine to give the tri-O-isopropylidene-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose 17. Finally, compound 17 is transferred via the acetate 19 into the L-glycero-D-manno-heptopyranose 18.
    Notes: 2,3;5,6-Di-O-isopropyliden-D-mannofuranose (1) reagiert diastereoselektiv mit 2-Lithio-1,3-dithian zum 3,4;6,7-Di-O-isopropyliden-D-glycero-D-galacto-heptose-trimethylendithioacetal (3). Nach Umwandlung von 3 über eine Reihe von Zwischenstufen zum Tri-O-isopropyliden-D-glycero-D-galacto-heptit 16 läßt sich dieser mit 1,1′-(Azodicarbonyl)dipiperidin zur Tri-O-isopropyliden-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose 17 oxidieren. Hieraus ist über das Acetat 19 die freie L-glycero-D-manno-heptopyranose 18 zu gewinnen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.198619860409
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