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  • 2005-2009  (145)
  • 1990-1994  (50)
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  • 1
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    Mitochondrial gene replacement in primate offspring and embryonic stem cells (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-08-28
    Description: Mitochondria are found in all eukaryotic cells and contain their own genome (mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA). Unlike the nuclear genome, which is derived from both the egg and sperm at fertilization, the mtDNA in the embryo is derived almost exclusively from the egg; that is, it is of maternal origin. Mutations in mtDNA contribute to a diverse range of currently incurable human diseases and disorders. To establish preclinical models for new therapeutic approaches, we demonstrate here that the mitochondrial genome can be efficiently replaced in mature non-human primate oocytes (Macaca mulatta) by spindle-chromosomal complex transfer from one egg to an enucleated, mitochondrial-replete egg. The reconstructed oocytes with the mitochondrial replacement were capable of supporting normal fertilization, embryo development and produced healthy offspring. Genetic analysis confirmed that nuclear DNA in the three infants born so far originated from the spindle donors whereas mtDNA came from the cytoplast donors. No contribution of spindle donor mtDNA was detected in offspring. Spindle replacement is shown here as an efficient protocol replacing the full complement of mitochondria in newly generated embryonic stem cell lines. This approach may offer a reproductive option to prevent mtDNA disease transmission in affected families.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2774772/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2774772/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tachibana, Masahito -- Sparman, Michelle -- Sritanaudomchai, Hathaitip -- Ma, Hong -- Clepper, Lisa -- Woodward, Joy -- Li, Ying -- Ramsey, Cathy -- Kolotushkina, Olena -- Mitalipov, Shoukhrat -- P01 HD047675/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P01 HD047675-01A17045/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P01 HD047675-04/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-486766/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-486775/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-486819/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-496038/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-496045/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-496074/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-496133/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-496134/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-496136/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P51 RR000163-496137/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD057121/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD057121-01A2/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS044330/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS044330-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R24 RR013632/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R24 RR013632-10/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 17;461(7262):367-72. doi: 10.1038/nature08368. Epub 2009 Aug 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Oregon National Primate Research Center, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19710649" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis/*genetics ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism/transplantation ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Genes, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Genome, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Macaca mulatta/embryology/*genetics ; Male ; Meiosis ; Mitochondrial Diseases/genetics/prevention & control ; Mutation ; Oocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; *Reproductive Techniques, Assisted
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ab initio calculation of band structure, x-ray emission, quantum yield, and electron-energy-loss spectra of hexagonal boron nitride (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 7422-7426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The band structure of hexagonal boron nitride (BN) has been calculated using an ab initio linear combination of pseudoatomic-orbitals method. The calculated band structure confirms a previous finding that this material is an indirect band-gap insulator and has two empty interlayer bands. Projected densities of states are compared with the experimental x-ray emission spectra of B and N K edges and the agreement is good. This good agreement between the present ground-state calculation and the experimental x-ray emission spectra supports our previous finding that there should be very little valence electron relaxation effect on x-ray emission spectra. A real-space Green's function technique and the Z+1 approximation have been used to calculate the exciton spectra of B and N K edges. The first peak at 192 eV in B K edge is found to be a bound exciton with a binding energy of 1.7±0.4 eV. Only resonance is found for the N K edge. The calculated exciton spectra agree very well with the experimental quantum-yield and electron-energy-loss spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353983
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical study of laser heating and dissociation reactions in solids using ultrafast time-resolved x-ray diffraction (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 2174-2178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A theory of ultrafast time-resolved x-ray diffraction is presented. We show that for the case in which vibrational relaxation is fast, the x-ray diffraction intensities in pulse laser heating are determined by the Debye–Waller factor. We also show how the scattering intensities of the diffraction spots change with the position of the dissociating atoms in a time-resolved x-ray diffraction experiment studying dissociation reactions in solids. Our results show that the scattering intensities change in both the fully dissociated and the partially dissociated cases, and that time-resolved x-ray diffraction could be a useful tool in probing dissociation reactions in solids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351607
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A histological study on the development of the digestive system of Pseudosciaena crocea larvae and juveniles (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The ontogenetic development of the gut and accessory organs in large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea was investigated using light microscopy from hatching up to the juvenile stage (40 days post hatch, dph). At 3 dph (mean ± s.d., 4·1 ± 0·1 mm total length, LT), coinciding with the buccopharynx opening, larvae started to feed exogenously, and the gut consisted of a well-developed buccopharynx, a partially-differentiated oesophagus and an intestine divided in three regions (anterior intestine, intermediate intestine and rectum). Yolk reserves were not completely depleted at the onset of exogenous feeding, and a period of mixed nutrition was observed up to 6 dph (4·3 ± 0·1 mm LT), when yolk was definitively exhausted. Important morphological changes occurred at the end of the larval period, coinciding with metamorphosis. At 17 dph (6·8 ± 0·6 mm LT), pyloric caeca differentiated at the junction of the pyloric stomach and the anterior intestine. Gastric glands were first observed at 21 dph (9·2 ± 1·2 mm LT), coinciding with the morphological development of the stomach in three different regions (cardiac, fundic and pyloric) according to the histological characteristics of their mucosa. At this age, large longitudinal folds appeared in the median and posterior oesophageal mucosa. These morphological and histological features suggested the achievement of a digestive system characteristic of large yellow croaker juveniles and adults.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00812.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of exchange bond disorder on transport measurements : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6510-6512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measurements of the low field resistive anisotropy (LFRA) in amorphous Fe91Zr9 with and without hydrogen loading are presented. The temperature dependence of these data is compared with model calculations of the quadrupolar term [〈〈S2Z〉T〉J−S(S+1)/3], from which it is concluded that the model calculations reproduce both the temperature and the exchange bond dependence of this transport coefficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356931
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The spontaneous resistive anisotropy in amorphous and hydrogenated FeZr (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5964-5966 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measurements of the spontaneous resistive anisotropy(SRA)—basically the difference between the longitudinal and transverse magnetoresistance extrapolated to zero induction—in amorphous FeZr as a function of field (0–1 T) and temperature (1.5–300 K) are presented. The Fe concentrations investigated range from 89 to 92 at. % and the effects of hydrogenation have also been studied. For the hydrogen-free samples a nonzero SRA develops at the ferromagnetic ordering (Curie) temperature Tc and persists to the lowest attainable temperature, with no obvious anomaly in the vicinity of the proposed transverse-spin freezing temperature Txy. With the inclusion of hydrogen, both Tc and the magnitude of the SRA increase, and attempts are made to correlate such increases with the changes in band structure and mean iron moment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346029
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical comparison of electron energy-loss and x-ray absorption near-edge fine structure of the Si L2,3 edge (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 288-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Various approximations in the calculations of electron energy-loss cross section and x-ray absorption coefficient have been evaluated using the Si L2,3 edge as an example. It was found that the random phase approximation, for which the cross terms are neglected in the expressions of electron energy-loss cross section and x-ray absorption coefficient, is a very good approximation. The dipole approximation in the calculation of the electron energy-loss cross section was found to begin to break down even at small acceptance half angles, such as 12.5 mrad. For energy losses larger than that of the Si L2,3 edge the dipole approximation will break down faster. This approximation also fails for a large scattering angle even at a small energy loss. The electron energy-loss cross section and x-ray absorption coefficient of the Si L2,3 edge has been calculated and compared. The large difference in relative intensity reported experimentally between the two spectra is not confirmed in this study. More experimental comparisons between electron energy loss and x-ray absorption spectra are recommended for Si and other compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347129
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A modified parametrization scheme for the complete neglect of differential overlap method with relativistic correction of orbital exponents and energy levels with particular applications to rare earth compounds (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 96 (1992), S. 4518-4525 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new unified parametrization scheme for the complete neglect of differential overlap method, applicable to heavy atom systems is formulated. The exponents ζμ and electronegativities X(μ) of atomic orbitals are corrected by the relativistic Dirac–Fock expectation values of atomic orbital radii and energy levels. This leads to the possibility of calibrating the β0 parameters directly by the equilibrium geometric configuration of molecules. The parametrization for hydrogen, halides, and rare earth series, as well as some test calculations for compounds of these elements, have been carried out to show the utility of the scheme. The results demonstrate that the present scheme can give satisfactory MO levels and ionization potentials as well as correct molecular geometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.462813
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light-controlled beam deflector in semiconductor doped glasses (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 3553-3555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on the operation of an all-optical beam deflector whereby the deflected signal beam can be more powerful than the driving beam. Therefore, we have transferred the modulation of the driving beam to the signal beam with power gain and angular deflection rate of 10 mrad/kW. The main component of our deflector is a sample of Cd(S,Se) doped glass and its operation is based on the cross-bending effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.110094
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of nondegenerate optical nonlinearity using a two-color single beam method (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 2666-2668 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A two-color "z'' scan method is introduced to characterize the nonlinear refraction of optical materials in their absorptive region. We demonstrate the method by measuring the sign and the magnitude of the frequency nondegenerate nonlinearity in the absorptive region of semiconductor doped glasses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105933
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