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  • 1
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    Wet surface resistance of forest canopy in monsoon Asia: implications for eddy covariance measurement of evapotranspiration (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-26
    Description: During the Asian monsoon period, intense and precipitation commonly occurs for an extended period in accompaniment with a reduction in solar radiation. This suggests that wet surface evapotranspiration is important contributor to the total evapotranspiration. Therefore, investigating evapotranspiration over a wet canopy surface is critical to achieve a better understanding of water and energy cycles in Asia. In this study, we estimated surface resistances under wet conditions in a mixed forest influenced by the East Asian monsoon system. We showed that the surface resistance had a non-negligible magnitude of about 30  sm −1 even under wet conditions. We also found that the ratio between the actual and potential evapotranspiration depended on the friction velocity regardless of the time of day. Our analyses suggest that this dependency is tightly related to the underestimation of turbulent fluxes by the eddy-covariance system under wet surface conditions. Together, our findings suggest that the wet surface resistance, although small, should be considered in simulating evapotranspiration because the forest ecosystem is strongly coupled to the overlying atmosphere. This could significantly improve the shortcomings of evapotranspiration measurement in Asian forest canopies influenced by the monsoon system. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Print ISSN: 0885-6087
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1085
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
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    Fusion Using Fast Heating of a Compactly Imploded CD Core (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-04-10
    Description: Author(s): Y. Kitagawa, Y. Mori, O. Komeda, K. Ishii, R. Hanayama, K. Fujita, S. Okihara, T. Sekine, N. Satoh, T. Kurita, M. Takagi, T. Kawashima, H. Kan, N. Nakamura, T. Kondo, M. Fujine, H. Azuma, T. Motohiro, T. Hioki, Y. Nishimura, A. Sunahara, and Y. Sentoku A compact fast core heating experiment is described. A 4-J 0.4-ns output of a laser-diode-pumped high-repetition laser HAMA is divided into four beams, two of which counterilluminate double-deuterated polystyrene foils separated by 100   μ m for implosion. The remaining two beams, compressed to 110 fs... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 155001] Published Mon Apr 09, 2012
    Keywords: Plasma and Beam Physics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 3
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    Tutorial videos of bioinformatics resources: online distribution trial in Japan named TogoTV (2012)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2012-04-03
    Description: In recent years, biological web resources such as databases and tools have become more complex because of the enormous amounts of data generated in the field of life sciences. Traditional methods of distributing tutorials include publishing textbooks and posting web documents, but these static contents cannot adequately describe recent dynamic web services. Due to improvements in computer technology, it is now possible to create dynamic content such as video with minimal effort and low cost on most modern computers. The ease of creating and distributing video tutorials instead of static content improves accessibility for researchers, annotators and curators. This article focuses on online video repositories for educational and tutorial videos provided by resource developers and users. It also describes a project in Japan named TogoTV ( http://togotv.dbcls.jp/en/ ) and discusses the production and distribution of high-quality tutorial videos, which would be useful to viewer, with examples. This article intends to stimulate and encourage researchers who develop and use databases and tools to distribute how-to videos as a tool to enhance product usability.
    Print ISSN: 1467-5463
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-4054
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Imaging the two-component nature of Dirac–Landau levels in the topological surface state of Bi2Se3 (2014)
    Springer Nature
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-01
    Description: Nature Physics 10, 815 (2014). doi:10.1038/nphys3084 Authors: Ying-Shuang Fu, M. Kawamura, K. Igarashi, H. Takagi, T. Hanaguri & T. Sasagawa Massless Dirac electrons in condensed matter are, unlike conventional electrons, described by two-component wavefunctions associated with the spin degrees of freedom in the surface state of topological insulators. Hence, the ability to observe the two-component wavefunction is useful for exploring novel spin phenomena. Here we show that the two-component nature is manifest in Landau levels, the degeneracy of which is lifted by a Coulomb potential. Using spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunnelling microscopy, we visualize energy and spatial structures of Landau levels in Bi2Se3, a prototypical topological insulator. The observed Landau-level splitting and internal structures of Landau orbits are distinct from those in a conventional electron system and are well reproduced by a two-component model Dirac Hamiltonian. Our model further predicts energy-dependent spin-magnetization textures in a potential variation and provides a way for manipulating spins in the topological surface state.
    Print ISSN: 1745-2473
    Electronic ISSN: 1745-2481
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 5
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    The first source counts at 18 {mu}m from the AKARI NEP Survey (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-25
    Description: We present the first galaxy counts at 18 μm using the Japanese AKARI satellite's survey at the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP), produced from the images from the NEP-Deep and NEP-Wide surveys covering 0.6 and 5.8 deg 2 , respectively. We describe a procedure using a point source filtering algorithm to remove background structure and a minimum variance method for our source extraction and photometry that delivers the optimum signal to noise for our extracted sources, confirming this by comparison with standard photometry methods. The final source counts are complete and reliable over three orders of magnitude in flux density, resulting in sensitivities (80 per cent completeness) of 0.15 and 0.3 mJy for the NEP-Deep and NEP-Wide surveys, respectively, a factor of 1.3 deeper than previous catalogues constructed from this field. The differential source counts exhibit a characteristic upturn from Euclidean expectations at around a milliJansky and a corresponding evolutionary bump between 0.2–0.4 mJy consistent with previous mid-infrared surveys with ISO and Spitzer at 15 and 24 μm. We compare our results with galaxy evolution models confirming the striking divergence from the non-evolving scenario. The models and observations are in broad agreement implying that the source counts are consistent with a strongly evolving population of luminous infrared galaxies at redshifts higher than unity. Integrating our source counts down to the limit of the NEP survey at the 150 μJy level we calculate that AKARI has resolved approximately 55 per cent of the 18 μm cosmic infrared background relative to the predictions of contemporary source count models.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Excitonic Bose-Einstein condensation in Ta2NiSe5 above room temperature (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-14
    Description: Author(s): K. Seki, Y. Wakisaka, T. Kaneko, T. Toriyama, T. Konishi, T. Sudayama, N. L. Saini, M. Arita, H. Namatame, M. Taniguchi, N. Katayama, M. Nohara, H. Takagi, T. Mizokawa, and Y. Ohta We show that finite temperature variational cluster approximation (VCA) calculations on an extended Falicov-Kimball model can reproduce angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) results on Ta2NiSe5 across a semiconductor-to-semiconductor structural phase transition at 325 K. We demonstrate t... [Phys. Rev. B 90, 155116] Published Mon Oct 13, 2014
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    Chandra survey in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Field - I. X-ray data, point-like source catalogue, sensitivity maps, and number counts (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-15
    Description: We present data products from the 300 ks Chandra survey in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Field. This field has a unique set of nine-band infrared photometry covering 2–24 μm from the AKARI Infrared Camera, including mid-infrared (MIR) bands not covered by Spitzer . The survey is one of the deepest ever achieved at ~15 μm, and is by far the widest among those with similar depths in the MIR. This makes this field unique for the MIR-selection of AGN at z ~ 1. We design a source detection procedure, which performs joint maximum likelihood PSF (point spread function) fits on all of our 15 mosaicked Chandra pointings covering an area of 0.34 deg 2 . The procedure has been highly optimized and tested by simulations. We provide a point source catalogue with photometry and Bayesian-based 90 per cent confidence upper limits in the 0.5–7, 0.5–2, 2–7, 2–4, and 4–7 keV bands. The catalogue contains 457 X-ray sources and the spurious fraction is estimated to be ~1.7 per cent. Sensitivity and 90 per cent confidence upper flux limits maps in all bands are provided as well. We search for optical–MIR counterparts in the central 0.25 deg 2 , where deep Subaru Suprime-Cam multiband images exist. Among the 377 X-ray sources detected there, ~80 per cent have optical counterparts and ~60 per cent also have AKARI MIR counterparts. We cross-match our X-ray sources with MIR-selected AGN from Hanami et al. Around 30 per cent of all AGN that have MIR SEDs purely explainable by AGN activity are strong Compton-thick AGN candidates.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Oscillations of the Orbital Magnetic Moment due to d-Band Quantum Well States (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-07
    Description: Author(s): M. Dąbrowski, T. R. F. Peixoto, M. Pazgan, A. Winkelmann, M. Cinal, T. Nakagawa, Y. Takagi, T. Yokoyama, F. Bisio, U. Bauer, F. Yildiz, M. Przybylski, and J. Kirschner The effect of electron confinement on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of ultrathin bcc Fe films is explored by combining photoemission spectroscopy, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, and magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements. Pronounced thickness-dependent variations in the magnetocrystalline ... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 067203] Published Wed Aug 06, 2014
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    DDBJ new system and service refactoring (2012)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2012-12-20
    Description: The DNA data bank of Japan (DDBJ, http://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp ) maintains a primary nucleotide sequence database and provides analytical resources for biological information to researchers. This database content is exchanged with the US National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) within the framework of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC). Resources provided by the DDBJ include traditional nucleotide sequence data released in the form of 27 316 452 entries or 16 876 791 557 base pairs (as of June 2012), and raw reads of new generation sequencers in the sequence read archive (SRA). A Japanese researcher published his own genome sequence via DDBJ-SRA on 31 July 2012. To cope with the ongoing genomic data deluge, in March 2012, our computer previous system was totally replaced by a commodity cluster-based system that boasts 122.5 TFlops of CPU capacity and 5 PB of storage space. During this upgrade, it was considered crucial to replace and refactor substantial portions of the DDBJ software systems as well. As a result of the replacement process, which took more than 2 years to perform, we have achieved significant improvements in system performance.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Detection of H{alpha} emission from z 〉 3.5 submillimetre luminous galaxies with AKARI-FUHYU spectroscopy (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-29
    Description: We present tentative Hα emission line detections of four submillimetre-detected galaxies at z  〉 3.5: the radio galaxies 8C1909+722 and 4C60.07 at signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of 3.1 and 2.5, and two submillimetre-selected galaxies (SMGs) near the first of these at SNRs of 10.0 and 2.4, made with the AKARI space telescope as part of the Follow-Up Hayai-Yasui-Umai mission programme. These are the highest redshift Hα detections in such galaxies, made possible by AKARI 's unique near-infrared spectroscopic capability. The two radio galaxies had known redshifts and surrounding structure, and we have detected broad Hα components indicating the presence of dust-shrouded quasars. We conclude that powerful active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at z  〉 3.5 occur in peaks of the star formation density fields, supporting a close connection between stellar mass build-up and black hole mass assembly at this redshift. We also show that 4C60.07 is a binary AGN. The Hα detections of the two SMGs are the first redshift determinations for these sources, confirming their physical association around their companion radio galaxy. The Hα-derived star formation rates (SFRs) for the SMGs are lower than their far-infrared derived SFRs by a factor of ~10, suggesting a level of dust obscuration similar to that found in studies at ~1 〈  z  〈 2.7.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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