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  • 2010-2014  (423)
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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Biodiversity and climate change : linkages at international, national and local levels (2013)
    Cheltenham [u.a.] : Elgar
    Details Availability
    Call number: PIK N 531-14-0114
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction ; PART 1: National and local experiences ; Chapter 1: Bureaucratic rhetoric of climate change in Nigeria: International aspiration versus local realities ; Chapter 2: Combating climate change and biodiversity loss in a 'hot spot' mega-diversity country ; Chapter 3: Does the concept of ecosystem services promote synergies between European strategies for climate change and biodiversity? ; Chapter 4: Impacts of climate change, biodiversity loss and population on sustainable development in Ethiopia ; Chapter 5: Climate change, human rights and the Darfur crisis ; PART 2: International and transboundary approaches ; Chapter 6: The clustering of multilateral environmental agreements: Can the clustering of the chemicals-related conventions be applied to the biodiversity and climate change conventions? ; Chapter 7: Retreading negotiations on equity in environmental governance: Case studies contrasting the evolution of ABS and REDD+ ; Chapter 8: Climate change, biodiversity and human rights: Can synergy help? ; Chapter 9: Reducing emissions in the forest sector under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: A new opportunity for biodiversity conservation? ; Chapter 10: Transboundary conservation of mountain biodiversity in a climate change impacted world: Governance perspectives from Central Asia and the Island of Borneo ; PART 3: Land use and agriculture ; Chapter 11: Climate change, the EU Floods Directive and biodiversity protection: Lessons from the Scheldt on land use planning as an adaptive measure ; Chapter 12: Climate change and biodiversity: The vulnerability of the Amazon rainforest in the face of increasing ethanol demand ; Chapter 13: The contribution of the EU Common Agricultural Policy to protecting biodiversity and global climate in Europe ; PART 4: Solutions from science and technology ; Chapter 14: Creating marine protected area networks in Pacific North America for biodiversity conservation: Linking ecology to legislation ; Chapter 15: Preventing and mitigating the impacts of climate change and biodiversity loss through biosecurity
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXIII, 462 S. : graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 9781782546887
    Series Statement: The ICUN Academy of Environmental Law series
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 2
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Climate law and developing countries : legal and policy challenges for the world economy (2011)
    Cheltenham [u.a.] : Edward Elgar
    Details Availability
    Call number: PIK N 071-13-0146
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction: Climate Law and Developing Countries ; PART I: CLIMATE JUSTICE ; 2. Climate Change, Differentiated Responsibilities and State Responsibility: Devising Novel Legal Strategies for Damage Caused by Climate Change ; 3. India's Constitutional Challenge: A Less Visible Climate Change Catastrophe ; 4. Promoting Justice within the International Legal System: Prospects for Climate Refugees ; 5. Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples in the South Pacific: The Need for Regional and Local Strategies ; PART II: EXPANDING THE SCOPE OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE LEGAL REGIMES ; 6. Supporting Adaptation in Developing Countries at the National and Global Levels ; 7. Designing a REDD Mechanism: The TDERM Triptych ; 8. The Role of Marine 'Forests' and Soils as Carbon Sinks: Enhanced Bio-Sequestration as a Mitigation Strategy to Help Avoid Dangerous Climate Change ; 9. Adaptation to Climate Change to Save Biodiversity: Lessons Learned from African and European Experiences ; PART III: THE CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES ; 10. The Deadlock of the Clean Development Mechanism: Caught between Sustainability, Environmental Integrity and Economic Efficiency ; 11. Beautifying Africa for the Clean Development Mechanism: Legal and Institutional Issues Considered ; 12. Policy and Legal Dimensions of CDM Projects in the Forestry Sector: Implications for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Uganda ; 13. Brazilian Policy on Biodiesels: A Sound Means of Mitigating Climate Change? ; PART IV: CLIMATE POLICY BRIDGING THE NORTH AND SOUTH ; 14. Improving Citizen Responsibility in the North and its Consequences for the South: Voluntary Carbon Offsets and Government Involvement ; 15. Climate and Trade in a Divided World: Can Measures Adopted in the North End Up Shaping Climate Change Legislative Frameworks in the South? ; 16. Climate Change in the European Union Development Cooperation Policy
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XV, 425 S. : graph. darst. , 24 cm
    Edition: Paperback ed. 2011
    ISBN: 9781848449824
    Series Statement: New horizons in environmental and energy law
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 3
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    (Table 2) Survivorship of transplanted seedlings of Picea glauca inside and outside three tree islands in 1994, 1995, 2009 and after 15 years (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Walker, Xanthe; Henry, Gregory HR; McLeod, Katherine; Hofgaard, Annika (2012): Reproduction and seedling establishment of Picea glauca across the northernmost forest-tundra region in Canada. Global Change Biology, 18(10), 3202-3211, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02769.x
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: The northern boundary of boreal forest and the ranges of tree species are expected to shift northward in response to climate warming, which will result in a decrease in the albedo of areas currently covered by tundra vegetation, an increase in terrestrial carbon sequestration, and an alteration of biodiversity in the current Low Arctic. Central to the prediction of forest expansion is an increase in the reproductive capacity and establishment of individual trees. We assessed cone production, seed viability, and transplanted seedling success of Picea glauca (Moench.) Voss. (white spruce) in the early 1990s and again in the late 2000s at four forest stand sites and eight tree island sites (clonal populations beyond present treeline) in the Mackenzie Delta region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Over the past 20 years, average temperatures in this region have increased by 0.9 °C. This area has the northernmost forest-tundra ecotone in North America and is one of the few circumpolar regions where the northern limit of conifer trees reaches the Arctic Ocean. We found that cone production and seed viability did not change between the two periods of examination and that both variables decreased northward across the forest-tundra ecotone. Nevertheless, white spruce individuals at the northern limit of the forest-tundra ecotone produced viable seeds. Furthermore, transplanted seedlings were able to survive in the northernmost sites for 15 years, but there were no signs of natural regeneration. These results indicate that if climatic conditions continue to ameliorate, reproductive output will likely increase, but seedling establishment and forest expansion within the forest-tundra of this region is unlikely to occur without the availability of suitable recruitment sites. Processes that affect the availability of recruitment sites are likely to be important elsewhere in the circumpolar ecotone, and should be incorporated into models and predictions of climate change and its effects on the northern forest-tundra ecotone.
    Keywords: Aspect; BIO; Biology; Description; Event label; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Latitude of event; Location; Longitude of event; Northwest Territories, Canada; Picea glauca; Site; Surface description; Survival; Tuktoyaktuk1; Tuktoyaktuk3; Tuktoyaktuk5
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 78 data points
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  • 4
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    Soil properties and microbial indicators of samples from Lake Wellman, Darwin Mountains, Antarctica (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Aislabie, Jackie; Bockheim, James G; McLeod, Malcolm; Hunter, David; Stevenson, Bryan; Barker, Gary M (2012): Microbial biomass and community structure changes along a soil development chronosequence near Lake Wellman, southern Victoria Land. Antarctic Science, 24(2), 154-164, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102011000873
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: Four pedons on each of four drift sheets in the Lake Wellman area of the Darwin Mountains were sampled for chemical and microbial analyses. The four drifts, Hatherton, Britannia, Danum, and Isca, ranged from early Holocene (10 ka) to mid-Quaternary (c. 900 ka). The soil properties of weathering stage, salt stage, and depths of staining, visible salts, ghosts, and coherence increase with drift age. The landforms contain primarily high-centred polygons with windblown snow in the troughs. The soils are dominantly complexes of Typic Haplorthels and Typic Haploturbels. The soils were dry and alkaline with low levels of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Electrical conductivity was high accompanied by high levels of water soluble anions and cations (especially calcium and sulphate in older soils). Soil microbial biomass, measured as phospholipid fatty acids, and numbers of culturable heterotrophic microbes, were low, with highest levels detected in less developed soils from the Hatherton drift. The microbial community structure of the Hatherton soil also differed from that of the Britannia, Danum and Isca soils. Ordination revealed the soil microbial community structure was influenced by soil development and organic carbon.
    Keywords: Antarctica; International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; LakeWellman; SOIL; Soil profile
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Visitors from the Halo: 11 Gyr old White Dwarfs in the Solar Neighborhood (2010)
    In:  The Astrophysical Journal Letters
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    Experimental simulation of magma–carbonate interaction beneath Mt. Vesuvius, Italy (2013)
    Springer Verlag Germany
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: We simulated the process of magma–carbonate interaction beneath Mt. Vesuvius in short duration piston-cylinder experiments under controlled magmatic conditions (from 0 to 300 s at 0.5 GPa and 1,200 C), using a Vesuvius shoshonite composition and upper crustal limestone and dolostone as starting materials. Backscattered electron images and chemical analysis (major and trace elements and Sr isotopes) of sequential experimental products allow us to identify the textural and chemical evolution of carbonated products during the assimilation process. We demonstrate that melt–carbonate interaction can be extremely fast (minutes), and results in dynamic contamination of the host melt with respect to Ca, Mg and87Sr/86Sr, coupled with intense CO2 vesiculation at the melt–carbonate interface. Binary mixing between carbon- ate and uncontaminated melt cannot explain the geochemical variations of the experimental charges in full and convection and diffusion likely also operated in the charges. Physical mixing and mingling driven by exsolving volatiles seems to be a key process to promote melt homogenisation. Our results reinforce hypotheses that magma–carbonate interaction is a relevant and ongoing process at Mt. Vesuvius and one that may operate not only on a geological, but on a human timescale.
    Description: Swedish Science Foundation (VR), the Centre for Natural Disaster Science (CNDS), Uppsala University (UU), the Royal Swedish Academy of Science (KVA), the Irish Research Council for Science (IRCSET), and the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Description: Published
    Description: 1335-1353
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Mt. Vesuvius ; Magma–carbonate interaction ; CO2 liberation ; tExperimental petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    Strontium isotope systematics of experimentally produced melts: understanding magma-carbonate interaction at Merapi volcano, Indonesia (2010)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: There is considerable evidence for ongoing, late-stage interaction between the magmatic system at Merapi volcano, Indonesia, and local crustal carbonate. In order to resolve the interaction processes in detail, we have performed a series of time-variable carbonate dissolution experiments in silicate melt using Merapi basaltic-andesite and local limestone as starting materials, at magmatic pressure and temperature. Major element profiling of the experimental products has identified strongly contrasting compositional domains of glass: a Ca-enriched zone containing up to 36 wt% CaO, and an unaffected, Ca-normal zone containing 8 to 10 wt% CaO. To investigate the systematics of strontium isotopes and trace elements (TE) during carbonate assimilation, we have used micro-sampling and high-precision analytical techniques to measure 87Sr/86Sr ratios and TE concentrations over the magma-carbonate and intra-melt interfaces in two of our experimental products. The isotope variation between the different glass compositions is distinct, with 87Sr/86Sr ranging from 0.705641 in the Ca-normal glass to 0.706532 in the Ca-enriched glass. The upper end of this range is considerably more radiogenic than the range reported for Merapi whole rock volcanic products (0.70501 to 0.70583, Gertisser & Keller, 2003 J Pet, 44, 457-489). Our data hence support a model of assimilation of crustal carbonate with highly radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr (0.708799) at Merapi volcano. Given that the starting materials used in the experiments have markedly distinct 87Sr/86Sr values we here present new and detailed insights about the behaviour of Sr isotopes during carbonate assimilation, with a focus on the processes that operate across the carbonate-melt interface and the intra-melt transitions. Strontium is a reliable tracer of magma-crust interaction and so we anticipate that our results will significantly help to quantify our comprehension of magma-carbonate interaction processes occurring at Merapi volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: Davos, Switzerland
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: open
    Keywords: Merapi, Indonesia ; Strontium isotope ; magma-carbonate interaction ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 8
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    Magma-Carbonate Interaction Processes and Associated CO2 Release at MerapiVolcano, Indonesia: Insights from Experimental Petrology (2010)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: There is considerable evidence for continuing, late-stage interaction between the magmatic system at Merapi volcano, Indonesia, and local crustal carbonate (limestone). Calc-silicate xenoliths within Merapi basaltic-andesite eruptive rocks display textures indicative of intense interaction between magma and crustal carbonate, and Merapi feldspar phenocrysts frequently contain crustally contaminated cores and zones. To resolve the interaction processes between magma and limestone in detail we have performed a series of time-variable decarbonation experiments in silicate melt, at magmatic pressure and temperature, using a Merapi basaltic-andesite and local Javanese limestone as starting materials.We have used in situ analytical methods to determine the elemental and strontium isotope composition of the experimental products and to trace the textural, chemical, and isotopic evolution of carbonate assimilation. The major processes of magma^carbonate interaction identified are: (1) rapid decomposition and degassing of carbonate; (2) generation of a Ca-enriched, highly radiogenic strontium contaminant melt, distinct from the starting material composition; (3) intense CO2 vesiculation, particularly within the contaminated zones; (4) physical mingling between the contaminated and unaffected melt domains; (5) chemical mixing between melts. The experiments reproduce many of the features of magma^carbonate interaction observed in the natural Merapi xenoliths and feldspar phenocrysts. The Ca-rich, high 87Sr/86Sr contaminant melt produced in the experiments is considered as a precursor to the Ca-rich (often ‘hyper-calcic’) phases found in the xenoliths and the contaminated zones inMerapi feldspars.The xenoliths also exhibit micro-vesicular textures that can be linked to the CO2 liberation process seen in the experiments.This study, therefore, provides well-constrained petrological insights into the problem of crustal interaction at Merapi and points toward the substantial impact of such interaction on the volatile budget of the volcano.
    Description: Swedish Science Foundation (Vetenskapsrdet) Project FIRBMIUR‘Development of innovative technologies for the environmental protection fromnatural events’
    Description: Published
    Description: 1027-1051
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: carbon dioxide ; experimental petrology ; magma-carbonate interaction ; Merapi ; ; strontium isotopes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    Bowhead whales, and not right whales, were the primary target of 16th- to 17th-century Basque whalers in the western North Atlantic (2012)
    Arctic Institute of North America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © Arctic Institute of North America, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of Arctic Institute of North America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Arctic 61 (2008): 61-75.
    Description: During the 16th and 17th centuries, Basque whalers travelled annually to the Strait of Belle Isle and Gulf of St. Lawrence to hunt whales. The hunting that occurred during this period is of primary significance for the North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis (Müller, 1776), because it has been interpreted as the largest human-induced reduction of the western North Atlantic population, with ~12250–21 000 whales killed. It has been frequently reported that the Basques targeted two species in this region: the North Atlantic right whale and the bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus L., 1758. To evaluate this hypothesis and the relative impact of this period of whaling on both species, we collected samples from 364 whale bones during a comprehensive search of Basque whaling ports from the 16th to the 17th century in the Strait of Belle Isle and Gulf of St. Lawrence. Bones were found and sampled at 10 of the 20 sites investigated. DNA was extracted from a subset (n = 218) of these samples. Analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome b region identified five whale species. The identification of only a single right whale bone and 203 bowhead whale bones from at least 72 individuals indicates that the bowhead whale was likely the principal target of the hunt. These results imply that this whaling had a much greater impact (in terms of numbers of whales removed) on the bowhead whale population than on the western North Atlantic right whale population.
    Description: Financial support for this work was provided by the Canadian Whale Institute, the Northern Scientific Training Program (NSTP), the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Science Subvention program, the Ocean Life Institute (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).
    Keywords: Balaena mysticetus ; Eubalaena glacialis ; Whaling ; Basque ; Little Ice Age ; Historical population size ; DNA ; Bone ; Cytochrome b
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Assessing the health of the U.S. west coast with a regional-scale application of the Ocean Health Index (2014)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This is an open-access article, free of all copyright. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 9 (2014): e98995, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098995.
    Description: Management of marine ecosystems increasingly demands comprehensive and quantitative assessments of ocean health, but lacks a tool to do so. We applied the recently developed Ocean Health Index to assess ocean health in the relatively data-rich US west coast region. The overall region scored 71 out of 100, with sub-regions scoring from 65 (Washington) to 74 (Oregon). Highest scoring goals included tourism and recreation (99) and clean waters (87), while the lowest scoring goals were sense of place (48) and artisanal fishing opportunities (57). Surprisingly, even in this well-studied area data limitations precluded robust assessments of past trends in overall ocean health. Nonetheless, retrospective calculation of current status showed that many goals have declined, by up to 20%. In contrast, near-term future scores were on average 6% greater than current status across all goals and sub-regions. Application of hypothetical but realistic management scenarios illustrate how the Index can be used to predict and understand the tradeoffs among goals and consequences for overall ocean health. We illustrate and discuss how this index can be used to vet underlying assumptions and decisions with local stakeholders and decision-makers so that scores reflect regional knowledge, priorities and values. We also highlight the importance of ongoing and future monitoring that will provide robust data relevant to ocean health assessment.
    Description: Beau and Heather Wrigley generously provided the founding grant. Additional financial and in-kind support was provided by the Pacific Life Foundation, Thomas W. Haas Fund of the New Hampshire Charitable Foundation, the Oak Foundation, Akiko Shiraki Dynner Fund for Ocean Exploration and Conservation, Darden Restaurants Inc. Foundation, Conservation International, New England Aquarium, National Geographic, and the University of California Santa Barbara's National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, which supported the Ecosystem Health Working Group as part of the Science of Ecosystem-Based Management project funded by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. Individual authors also acknowledge support from the U.S. National Science Foundation.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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    Format: application/msword
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